الجزء ١٧ سورة الأنبياء ٢١

٣٣١

ﭑﭒﭓﭔﭕﭖﭗﭘﭙ

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ﭚﭛﭜﭝﭞﭟﭠ

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ﭡﭢﭣﭤﭥﭦ

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ﭧﭨﭩﭪﭫﭬﭭﭮﭯ

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ﭰﭱﭲﭳﭴﭵﭶﭷﭸﭹﭺ

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ﭻﭼﭽﭾﭿﮀﮁﮂﮃﮄ

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ﮅﮆﮇﮈﮉﮊﮋﮌ

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ﮍﮎﮏﮐﮑﮒﮓﮔ

|||and have not
dan tidaklah|We sent you (Muhammad)
Kami utus kamu (Muhammad)|except
kecuali|as mercy
sebagai belas kasihan|for the universe
untuk seluruh alam

ﮕﮖﮗﮘﮙﮚﮛﮜﮝﮞ

ﮟﮠﮡﮢﮣﮤﮥﮦ

ﮧﮨﮩﮪﮫﮬﮭﮮﮯﮰﮱ

upon (tentang)
atas (about)|same thing
yang sama||and do not
dan tidak| I know

aku tahu|is it near
adakah dekat|or
atau|far (distance in time)
jauh (jarak masa)|what is
apa yang|promised to you
dijanjikan kepadamu itu|109

ﯓﯔﯕﯖﯗﯘﯙﯚ

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ﯛﯜﯝﯞﯟﯠﯡﯢﯣﯤﯥ

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ﯦﯧﯨﯩﯪﯫﯬﯭﯮﯯﯰ

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331

33121 - Al-Anbiyaa'

DAILY MOTIVATION ................... more

Quranic Knowledge

Dakwah Knowledge

Q.332 :159 /365...Q.331 : 158/365...Q.326: 157 /365

Geo - Mosque News & Stay ... more

Hist - Mosque News & Stay ...

Dushanbe Grand Central Mosque, largest mosque of Central Asia

Central Asia’s largest mosque expected to open in Dushanbe in August next year

20 December 2018

Dushanbe’s Central Cathedral Mosque, which will be Central Asia’s largest mosque, is expected to officially open in August next year, Trend reports referring to news.tj.

This US$100 million project has been implemented under direct control of Tajik President Emomali Rahmon. The Persian Gulf kingdom of Qatar has reportedly put up 70 percent of the cost of the project, with Tajikistan raising the rest.

Recall, President Emomali Rahmon began construction of Central Asia’s largest mosque not far from downtown Dushanbe in October 2011, a month after officially raising the country’s flag on a 165-meter flagpole in Dushanbe. Tajik leader demonstrated a hidden skill when he took control of an excavator to start digging the foundation for the building.

Dushanbe’s Central Cathedral Mosque is located in the area of 12 hectares and in addition to the prayer halls the Mosque also features library, museum and social halls.

The mosque will be able to accommodate up to 120,000 worshipers. When completed, Tajikistan will be home to the Central Asian largest mosque, dwarfing the Turkmenbashi mosque in neighboring Turkmenistan, which can hold 10,000 people.

Critics are saying the mosque is an extravagance and that the money would be better spent on poverty reduction.

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V: 531-532 User Guide
H: 11-12

Geo - MOSQUE NEWS & Stay

Al Farooq Mosque, Atlanta, Georgia

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1. TAJWEED: TARANNUM

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2.TRANSLATIONS: COMMENTARIES

A .... ARABIC

Tafsir Muyassar تفسير المیسر

B .... ENGLISH

Saheeh International

C ..... ENGLISH

Basmeih

D ..... CHINESE

Ma Jian

E ...... ARABIC: ENGLISH: ENGLISH: CHINESE

Tafsir Muyassar تفسير المیسر: Saheeh International: Basmeih: Ma Jian
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Celik Tafsir
Tafsir Surah Anbiya’ Ayat 106 – 112 (Khulasah Surah)
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A ..... ARABIC

Tafsir Muyassar: تفسير المیسر

١٠٢ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ حَسِيسَهَا ۖ وَهُمْ فِي مَا اشْتَهَتْ أَنْفُسُهُمْ خَالِدُونَ

١٠٢ لا يسمعون صوت لهيبها واحتراق الأجساد فيها فقد سكنوا منازلهم في الجنة، وأصبحوا فيما تشتهيه نفوسهم من نعيمها ولذاتها مقيمين إقامةً دائمة.

١٠٣ لَا يَحْزُنُهُمُ الْفَزَعُ الْأَكْبَرُ وَتَتَلَقَّاهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ هَٰذَا يَوْمُكُمُ الَّذِي كُنْتُمْ تُوعَدُونَ

١٠٣ لا يخيفهم الهول العظيم يوم القيامة، بل تبشرهم الملائكة: هذا يومكم الذي وُعِدتُم فيه الكرامة من الله وجزيل الثواب. يوم نطوي السماء كما تُطْوى الصحيفة على ما كُتب فيها، ونبعث فيه الخلق على هيئة خَلْقنا لهم أول مرة كما ولدتهم أمهاتهم، ذلك وعد الله الذي لا يتخلَّف، وَعَدْنا بذلك وعدًا حقًا علينا، إنا كنا فاعلين دائمًا ما نَعِدُ به.

١٠٤ يَوْمَ نَطْوِي السَّمَاءَ كَطَيِّ السِّجِلِّ لِلْكُتُبِ ۚ كَمَا بَدَأْنَا أَوَّلَ خَلْقٍ نُعِيدُهُ ۚ وَعْدًا عَلَيْنَا ۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا فَاعِلِينَ

١٠٤ لا يخيفهم الهول العظيم يوم القيامة، بل تبشرهم الملائكة: هذا يومكم الذي وُعِدتُم فيه الكرامة من الله وجزيل الثواب. يوم نطوي السماء كما تُطْوى الصحيفة على ما كُتب فيها، ونبعث فيه الخلق على هيئة خَلْقنا لهم أول مرة كما ولدتهم أمهاتهم، ذلك وعد الله الذي لا يتخلَّف، وَعَدْنا بذلك وعدًا حقًا علينا، إنا كنا فاعلين دائمًا ما نَعِدُ به.

١٠٥ وَلَقَدْ كَتَبْنَا فِي الزَّبُورِ مِنْ بَعْدِ الذِّكْرِ أَنَّ الْأَرْضَ يَرِثُهَا عِبَادِيَ الصَّالِحُونَ

١٠٥ ولقد كتبنا في الكتب المنزلة من بعد ما كُتِب في اللوح المحفوظ: أن الأرض يرثها عباد الله الصالحون الذين قاموا بما أُمروا به، واجتنبوا ما نُهوا عنه، وهم أمة محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم.

١٠٦ إِنَّ فِي هَٰذَا لَبَلَاغًا لِقَوْمٍ عَابِدِينَ

١٠٦ إن في هذا المتلوِّ من الموعظة لَعبرة كافية لقوم عابدين الله بما شرعه لهم ورضيه منهم.

١٠٧ وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ إِلَّا رَحْمَةً لِلْعَالَمِينَ

١٠٧ وما أرسلناك - أيها الرسول - إلا رحمة لجميع الناس، فمن آمن بك سَعِد ونجا، ومن لم يؤمن خاب وخسر.

١٠٨ قُلْ إِنَّمَا يُوحَىٰ إِلَيَّ أَنَّمَا إِلَٰهُكُمْ إِلَٰهٌ وَاحِدٌ ۖ فَهَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ

١٠٨ قل: إن الذي أُوحي إليَّ وبُعِثت به: أن إلهكم الذي يستحق العبادة وحده هو الله، فأسلموا له، وانقادوا لعبادته.

١٠٩ فَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَقُلْ آذَنْتُكُمْ عَلَىٰ سَوَاءٍ ۖ وَإِنْ أَدْرِي أَقَرِيبٌ أَمْ بَعِيدٌ مَا تُوعَدُونَ

١٠٩ فإن أعرض هؤلاء عن الإسلام فقل لهم: أبلغكم جميعًا ما أوحاه الله تعالى إليَّ، فأنا وأنتم مستوون في العلم لمَّا أنذرتكم وحذرتكم، ولستُ أعلم - بعد ذلك - متى يحل بكم ما وُعِدْتُم به من العذاب؟

١١٠ إِنَّهُ يَعْلَمُ الْجَهْرَ مِنَ الْقَوْلِ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا تَكْتُمُونَ

١١٠ إن الله يعلم ما تجهرون به من أقوالكم، وما تكتمونه في سرائركم، وسيحاسبكم عليه.

١١١ وَإِنْ أَدْرِي لَعَلَّهُ فِتْنَةٌ لَكُمْ وَمَتَاعٌ إِلَىٰ حِينٍ

١١١ ولست أدري لعل تأخير العذاب الذي استعجلتموه استدراج لكم وابتلاء، وأن تتمتعوا في الدنيا إلى حين؛ لتزدادوا كفرًا، ثم يكون أعظم لعقوبتكم.

١١٢ قَالَ رَبِّ احْكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ ۗ وَرَبُّنَا الرَّحْمَٰنُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ عَلَىٰ مَا تَصِفُونَ

١١٢ قال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: ربِّ افصل بيننا وبين قومنا المكذبين بالقضاء الحق. ونسأل ربنا الرحمن، ونستعين به على ما تَصِفونه - أيها الكفار - من الشرك والتكذيب والافتراء عليه، وما تتوعدونا به من الظهور والغلبة.

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B .... ENGLISH

Saheeh International

١٠٢ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ حَسِيسَهَا ۖ وَهُمْ فِي مَا اشْتَهَتْ أَنْفُسُهُمْ خَالِدُونَ

102 They will not hear its sound, while they are, in that which their souls desire, abiding eternally.

103 They will not be grieved by the greatest terror, and the angels will meet them, [saying], "This is your Day which you have been promised" -

104 The Day when We will fold the heaven like the folding of a [written] sheet for the records. As We began the first creation, We will repeat it. [That is] a promise binding upon Us. Indeed, We will do it.

105 And We have already written in the book [of Psalms] after the [previous] mention that the land [of Paradise] is inherited by My righteous servants.

١٠٦ إِنَّ فِي هَٰذَا لَبَلَاغًا لِقَوْمٍ عَابِدِينَ

106 Indeed, in this [Qur'an] is notification for a worshipping people.

١٠٧ وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ إِلَّا رَحْمَةً لِلْعَالَمِينَ

107 And We have not sent you, [O Muhammad], except as a mercy to the worlds.

١٠٨ قُلْ إِنَّمَا يُوحَىٰ إِلَيَّ أَنَّمَا إِلَٰهُكُمْ إِلَٰهٌ وَاحِدٌ ۖ فَهَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ

108 Say, "It is only revealed to me that your god is but one God; so will you be Muslims [in submission to Him]?"

109 But if they turn away, then say, "I have announced to [all of] you equally. And I know not whether near or far is that which you are promised.

١١٠ إِنَّهُ يَعْلَمُ الْجَهْرَ مِنَ الْقَوْلِ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا تَكْتُمُونَ

110 Indeed, He knows what is declared of speech, and He knows what you conceal.

١١١ وَإِنْ أَدْرِي لَعَلَّهُ فِتْنَةٌ لَكُمْ وَمَتَاعٌ إِلَىٰ حِينٍ

111 And I know not; perhaps it is a trial for you and enjoyment for a time."

١١٢ قَالَ رَبِّ احْكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ ۗ وَرَبُّنَا الرَّحْمَٰنُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ عَلَىٰ مَا تَصِفُونَ

112 [The Prophet] has said, "My Lord, judge [between us] in truth. And our Lord is the Most Merciful, the one whose help is sought against that which you describe."

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C ..... ENGLISH

Basmeih

١٠٢ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ حَسِيسَهَا ۖ وَهُمْ فِي مَا اشْتَهَتْ أَنْفُسُهُمْ خَالِدُونَ

102 Mereka tidak mendengar suara (julangan) api neraka itu, dan mereka akan kekal selama-lamanya di dalam (nikmat-nikmat Syurga) yang diingini oleh jiwa mereka.

103 Huru-hara besar yang amat mengerikan (pada hari kiamat) itu tidak merunsingkan mereka, dan (sebaliknya) mereka disambut oleh malaikat-malaikat dengan berkata: "Inilah hari kamu (beroleh kebahagiaan), yang telah dijanjikan kepada kamu (di dunia) dahulu".

104 (Ingatlah) hari Kami menggulung langit seperti menggulung lembaran surat catitan; sebagaimana kami mulakan wujudnya sesuatu kejadian, Kami ulangi wujudnya lagi; sebagai satu janji yang ditanggung oleh Kami; sesungguhnya Kami tetap melaksanakannya.

105 Dan demi sesungguhnya, Kami telah tulis di dalam Kitab-kitab yang Kami turunkan sesudah ada tulisannya pada Lauh Mahfuz: "Bahawasanya bumi itu akan diwarisi oleh hamba-hambaKu yang soleh".

١٠٦ إِنَّ فِي هَٰذَا لَبَلَاغًا لِقَوْمٍ عَابِدِينَ

106 Sesungguhnya Al-Quran ini mengandungi keterangan-keterangan yang cukup bagi orang-orang yang (cita-citanya) mengerjakan ibadat (kepada Allah dengan berilmu).

١٠٧ وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ إِلَّا رَحْمَةً لِلْعَالَمِينَ

107 Dan tiadalah Kami mengutuskan engkau (wahai Muhammad), melainkan untuk menjadi rahmat bagi sekalian alam.

١٠٨ قُلْ إِنَّمَا يُوحَىٰ إِلَيَّ أَنَّمَا إِلَٰهُكُمْ إِلَٰهٌ وَاحِدٌ ۖ فَهَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ

108 Katakanlah: "Sesungguhnya yang diwahyukan kepadaku (mengenai ketuhanan ialah) bahawa Tuhan kamu hanyalah Tuhan yang bersifat Esa, maka adakah kamu mahu menurut apa yang diwahyukan kepadaku?"

109 Sekiranya mereka berpaling ingkar maka katakanlah: "Aku telah memberitahu kepada kamu (apa yang diwahyukan kepadaku) dengan keterangan yang jelas untuk kita bersama; dan aku tidak mengetahui sama ada (balasan buruk) yang dijanjikan kerana keingkaran kamu itu, sudah dekat atau masih jauh.

١١٠ إِنَّهُ يَعْلَمُ الْجَهْرَ مِنَ الْقَوْلِ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا تَكْتُمُونَ

110 Sesungguhnya Allah mengetahui akan perkataan yang kamu sebutkan dengan terus terang, dan juga Ia mengetahui apa yang kamu sembunyikan (di dalam hati).

١١١ وَإِنْ أَدْرِي لَعَلَّهُ فِتْنَةٌ لَكُمْ وَمَتَاعٌ إِلَىٰ حِينٍ

111 "Dan aku tidak mengetahui (mengapa dilambatkan balasan buruk yang dijanjikan kepada kamu itu) jangan-jangan lambatnya menjadi satu sebab yang menambahkan azab kamu, dan di samping itu memberi kamu kesenangan hidup hingga ke suatu masa yang tertentu".

١١٢ قَالَ رَبِّ احْكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ ۗ وَرَبُّنَا الرَّحْمَٰنُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ عَلَىٰ مَا تَصِفُونَ

112 (Nabi Muhammad merayu dengan) berkata: "Wahai Tuhanku, hukumkanlah (di antara kami dengan mereka) dengan yang benar; dan Tuhan kami ialah Yang Melimpah-limpah rahmatNya yang dipohonkan pertolonganNya terhadap apa yang kamu sifatkan itu".

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D ..... CHINESE

Ma Jian

١٠٢ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ حَسِيسَهَا ۖ وَهُمْ فِي مَا اشْتَهَتْ أَنْفُسُهُمْ خَالِدُونَ

102 而不闻其最微的声音，他们将永居在自己所爱好的享乐中，

103 不使他们忧愁最大的恐怖。众天神将欢迎他们（说）：这是你们曾受应许的日子。

104 在那日，我将天卷起犹如卷轴将书画卷起一样。起初我怎样创造万物，我要怎样使万物还原。这是我自愿应许的，我必实行它。

105 我确已写在记念的《宰甫尔》中：大地必为我的善仆所继承。

١٠٦ إِنَّ فِي هَٰذَا لَبَلَاغًا لِقَوْمٍ عَابِدِينَ

106 对于崇拜主的民众，此经中确有充足的裨益。

١٠٧ وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ إِلَّا رَحْمَةً لِلْعَالَمِينَ

107 我派遣你，只为怜悯全世界的人。

١٠٨ قُلْ إِنَّمَا يُوحَىٰ إِلَيَّ أَنَّمَا إِلَٰهُكُمْ إِلَٰهٌ وَاحِدٌ ۖ فَهَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ

108 你说：我只奉到启示说：你们所当崇拜的，只是独一的主宰。你们归顺吗？

109 如果他们背离正道，你就说：我公平地通知你们，我不知道你们所被警告的（刑罚）是临近的呢？还是遥远的呢？

١١٠ إِنَّهُ يَعْلَمُ الْجَهْرَ مِنَ الْقَوْلِ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا تَكْتُمُونَ

110 他的确知道公开的言语，也知道你们所隐讳的。

١١١ وَإِنْ أَدْرِي لَعَلَّهُ فِتْنَةٌ لَكُمْ وَمَتَاعٌ إِلَىٰ حِينٍ

111 我不知道，这或许是对你们的考验和暂时的享受。

١١٢ قَالَ رَبِّ احْكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ ۗ وَرَبُّنَا الرَّحْمَٰنُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ عَلَىٰ مَا تَصِفُونَ

112 他说：我的主啊！求你秉公判决。我们的主是至仁的主，对于你们所用以描述他的言语他是被求助的。

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E ...... ARABIC: ENGLISH: ENGLISH: CHINESE

Tafsir Muyassar تفسير المیسر: Saheeh International: Basmeih: Ma Jian

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3. LEARN ARABIC: OTHER LANGUAGES

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يفعل	أفعل	يفعل	أفعل	IV
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مصدر	فعل النهي	فعل الأمر
فعل	لاتفعل	إفعل	I
تفعيل	لاتفعل	فعل	II
مفاعلة	لاتفاعل	فاعل	III
إفعال	لاتفعل	أفعل	IV
تفعل	لاتتفعل	تفعل	V
تفاعل	لاتتفاعل	تفاعل	VI
إنفعال	لاتنفعل	إنفعل	VII
إفتعال	لاتفتعل	إفتعل	VIII
إفعلال			IX
إستفعال	لاتستفعل	إستفعل	X

إسم الألة	إسم المكن الزمان	إسم المفعول	إسم الفاعل
مفعل	مفعل	مفعول	فاعل	I
	مفعل	مفعل	مفعل	II
	مفاعل	مفاعل	مفاعل	III
	مفعل	مفعل	مفعل	IV
	متفعل	متفعل	متفعل	V
	متفاعل	متفاعل	متفاعل	VI
	منفعل	منفعل	منفعل	VII
	مفتعل	مفتعل	مفتعل	VIII
	مفعل	مفعل	مفعل	IX
	مستفعل	مستفعل	مستفعل	X

_____________________________________________

4. ANSWERING CRITIQUES ON ISLAM

_____________________________________________

5. DAKWAH BIL HIKMAH

_____________________________________________

6. REVERTER STORY

_____________________________________________

7. QURANIC MIRACLES

_____________________________________________

8. Dakwah Songs

_____________________________________________

_______________________________________________

USER GUIDE

HAFALAN & ULANGAN ...... KAEDAH QAWAN - ada 10 Level

All the Koran in the world is printed on 604 pages. The Qawan Method divides the Qur'an into six parts.

Method of choosing a partner .....

1.Install pages between 2 constituents.

2.The word is not long.

3. Suitable for reading in the first and second rakaat prayers.

4. Suitable for the tazkirah after prayer.

_______________________________________________

LEVEL 1

6 Horizontal Section (Horizontal - H)

Just a pair of pages between 2 constituents.

Saturday: ms 1- 100

Sunday: ms 101 - 200

First Day: pg. 201 - 300

Tuesday: ms 301 - 400

Wednesday: ms 401 - 500

Thursday: ms 501 - 604

Friday: Review all just able

_______________________________________________

6 Vertical Parts (V)

Only the pair of pages (ms) of the entire Qur'an, between 2 constituents that end up with a certain number

H.Sabtu: ms end 01-02

H Sunday: ms end 21-22

H.Nnin: ms end 41-42

H.Selasa: ms end 61-62

H.Rabu: ms end 81-82

H.Khamis: ms end of 99-00

Friday: Review all just able

________________________________________________

LEVEL 2 ..... coming soon

_______________________________________________

_____________________________________________

............... more

DAILY REMINDER

1. Quran & Hadith

2. Seerah

3. Tabligh 6 points

4. Renowned local preachers

5. Renowned foreign preachers

______________________________________________

1. QURAN & HADITH

-------------------------------------------------- -------------------------

1: Al Fatihah: 6

اهدنا الصراط المستقيم

HR Bukhari

وإن أحب الأعمال إلى الله ما دام وإن قل

----------------------------------------

7: Al Baqarah 2: 43

وأقيموا الصلاة وآتوا الزكاة واركعوا مع الراكعين

HR Muslim

صلاة الجماعة أفضل من صلاة الفذ بسبع وعشرين درجة

----------------------------------------

22: Al Baqarah 2: 143

وكذلك جعلناكم أمة وسطا لتكونوا شهداء على الناس ويكون الرسول عليكم شهيدا

HR Ibn Mājah: Sahih (Al-Albani)

"إن الله لا يمل حتى تملوا

--------------------------------------------

52: Ali Imran 3: 19

إن الدين عند الله الإسلام

--------------------------------------

63: Ali Imran 3: 104

ولتكن منكم أمة يدعون إلى الخير ويأمرون بالمعروف وينهون عن المنكر وأولئك هم المفلحون

HR Muslim

من دل على خير, فله مثل أجر فاعله

-----------------------------------------

64: Ali Imran 3: 110

كنتم خير أمة أخرجت للناس تأمرون بالمعروف وتنهون عن المنكر وتؤمنون بالله ....

HR Muslim

من رأى منكم منكرا فليغيره بيده, فإن لم يستطع فبلسانه, فإن لم يستطع فبقلبه, وذلك أضعف الإيمان

-------------------------------------------

74: Ali Imran 3: 185

كل نفس ذائقة الموت

Sunan Ibn Majah ..... Grade Hasan (Darussalam)
ثم قال: يا رسول الله أى المؤمنين أفضل قال: "أحسنهم خلقا". قال فأى المؤمنين أكيس قال: " أكثرهم للموت ذكرا وأحسنهم لما بعده استعدادا أولئك الأكياس "

--------------------------------------------

87: Al Nisaa '4: 59

يا أيها الذين آمنوا أطيعوا الله وأطيعوا الرسول وأولي الأمر منكم فإن تنازعتم في شيء فردوه إلى الله والرسول إن كنتم تؤمنون بالله واليوم الآخر ذلك خير وأحسن تأويلا

HR Imam Malik in Al Muwatta
"تركت فيكم أمرين لن تضلوا ما تمسكتم بهما كتاب الله وسنة نبيه

HR Abu Daud & Termidhi ... Hadith Hasan Sahih
فعليكم بسنتي وسنة الخلفاء الراشدين المهديين.

---------------------------------------------

107: Al Maidah 5: 3

اليوم أكملت لكم دينكم وأتممت عليكم نعمتي ورضيت لكم الإسلام دينا

_____________________________

134: Al An'am 6: 54

.وإذا جاءك الذين يؤمنون بآياتنا فقل سلام عليكم

HR Termizi .... Hadith Hasan Sahih
"يا أيها الناس أفشوا السلام, وأطعموا الطعام, وصلوا الأرحام وصلوا والناس نيام, تدخلوا الجنة بسلام"

--------------------------------------------

342: Al Mu'minun 23: 1-2

1.قد أفلح المؤمنون

2. الذين هم في صلاتهم خاشعون

HR Imam Malik

وأسوأ السرقة الذي يسرق صلاته ". قالوا وكيف يسرق صلاته يا رسول الله قال" لا يتم ركوعها ولا سجودها

-----------------------------------------------

404: Al Ankabut 29: 69

والذين جاهدوا فينا لنهدينهم سبلنا وإن الله لمع المحسنين

420: Al Ahzab 33: 21

لقد كان لكم في رسول الله أسوة حسنة لمن كان يرجو الله واليوم الآخر وذكر الله كثيرا

507: Muhammad 47: 7

يا أيها الذين آمنوا إن تنصروا الله ينصركم ويثبت أقدامكم

560: And Tahrim 66: 6

أنفسكم وأهليكم نارا وقودها الناس والحجارة عليها ملائكة غلاظ شداد لا يعصون الله ما أمرهم ويفعلون ما يؤمرون

__________________________________________________

2. HADITH

2: HR Tirmidhi

مفتاح الجنة الصلاة ومفتاح الصلاة الوضوء

19: HR Bukhari
"خيركم من تعلم القرآن وعلمه"

HR Muslim
"إذا مات الأنسان انقطع عمله إلا من ثلاث: صدقة جارية, أو علم ينتفع به, أو ولد صالح يدعو له"

(HR Bukhari & Muslim: muttafaq 'alaih)

اليد العليا خير من اليد السفلى

HR Bukhari

بلغوا عنى ولو اية

__________________________________________________

3. SEARCH

Narrated 'Abdur-Rahman bin' Awf:

that the Messenger of Allah said: "Abu Bakr is in Paradise, 'Umar is in Paradise,' Uthman is in Paradise, 'Ali is in Paradise, Talhah is in Paradise, Az-Zubair is in Paradise,' Abdur- Rahman bin 'Awf is in Paradise, Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas is in Paradise, Sa'eed is in Paradise, and Abu' Ubaidah bin Al-Jarrah is in Paradise. "

حدثنا قتيبة, حدثنا عبد العزيز بن محمد, عن عبد الرحمن بن حميد, عن أبيه, عن عبد الرحمن بن عوف, قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم "أبو بكر في الجنة وعمر في الجنة وعثمان في الجنة وعلي في الجنة وطلحة في الجنة والزبير في الجنة وعبد الرحمن بن عوف في الجنة وسعد في الجنة وسعيد في الجنة وأبو عبيدة بن الجراح في الجنة ".

Grade

: Sahih (Darussalam)

English reference	: Vol. 1, Book 46, Hadith 3747
Arabic reference	: Book 49, Hadith 4112

____________________________________________

Narrated Sa'id ibn Zayd:

AbdurRahman ibn al-Akhnas said that when he was in the mosque, a man mentioned Ali (may Allah be pleased with him). So Sa'id ibn Zayd got up and said: I bear witness to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) that I heard him say: Ten persons will go to Paradise: The Prophet (ﷺ) will go to Paradise, AbuBakr will go to Paradise , Umar will go to Paradise, Uthman will go to Paradise, Ali will go to Paradise, Talhah will go to Paradise: az-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam will go to paradise, Sa'd ibn Malik will go to Paradise, and AbdurRahman ibn Awf will go to Paradise. If I wish, I can mention the tenth. The People asked: Who is he: So he kept silence. The again asked: Who is he: He replied: He is Sa'id ibn Zayd.

حدثنا حفص بن عمر النمري, حدثنا شعبة, عن الحر بن الصياح, عن عبد الرحمن بن الأخنس, أنه كان في المسجد فذكر رجل عليا عليه السلام فقام سعيد بن زيد فقال أشهد على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أني سمعته وهو يقول "عشرة في الجنة النبي في الجنة وأبو بكر في الجنة وعمر في الجنة وعثمان في الجنة وعلي في الجنة وطلحة في الجنة والزبير بن العوام في الجنة وسعد بن مالك في الجنة وعبد الرحمن بن عوف في الجنة ". ولو شئت لسميت العاشر. قال فقالوا من هو فسكت قال فقالوا من هو فقال هو سعيد بن زيد.

Grade: Sahih

Reference	: Sunan Abi Dawud 4649
In-book reference	: Book 42, Hadith 54
English translation	: Book 41, Hadith 4632

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History of success in early Islam during the time of the Prophet and Caliph Ar Rasyidin:

Metallic fittings ...... less

Conformity ....... is high

Ten Companions of the Prophet who are guaranteed paradise ..... the rich majority, but generous .... especially Abdurrahman bin Auf RA ..... The FATONAH looking for opportunities to be the above hands

__________________________________

4. TABLIGH 6 POINTS

_________________________________

5. RENOWNED LOCAL PREACHERS

1. Ustaz Azhar Idrus
2. Maulana Asri
3. Dr Rozaimi
4. Mufti Asri Zainul Abidin
5. Ust Kazim
6. Ust Ebit Lew
7. Prof Datuk Dr Muhaya
8. Ust Ismail Kamus
9. Ust Ahmad Dusuki
10. Ust Auni Mohamad

__________________________________

6. RENOWNED FOREIGN PREACHERS

1. Dr Zakir Naik
2. Nouman Ali Khan
3. Mufti Menk
4. Yasmin Mogahed
5. Hussain Yee
6. Omar Suleiman
7. Yusuf Estes
8. Moulana Tariq Jameel
9. Yasir Qadhi
10. Taqi Usmani

__________________________________

GA : Georgia : Atlanta
USA

Geography

Georgia

STATE, UNITED STATES

flag of Georgia

Seal of Georgia

The brown thrasher is Georgia's state bird.

The Cherokee rose is the state flower of Georgia.

CAPITAL: Atlanta

POPULATION¹: (2010) 9,687,653; (2018 est.) 10,519,475

TOTAL AREA (SQ MI): 59,425

TOTAL AREA (SQ KM): 153,911

GOVERNOR: Brian Kemp (Republican)

STATE NICKNAME: Empire State of the South; Peach State

DATE OF ADMISSION: January 2, 1788²

STATE MOTTO: "Wisdom, Justice and Moderation"

STATE BIRD: brown thrasher

STATE FLOWER³: Cherokee rose, azalea

STATE SONG: “Georgia on My Mind”

U.S. SENATORS: Johnny Isakson (Republican); David Perdue (Republican)

SEATS IN U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES: 14 (of 435)

TIME ZONE: Eastern (GMT − 5 hours)

¹Excluding military abroad.
²Original state; date shown is that of ratification of Constitution.
³The azalea is the state wildflower; no species was designated.

_______________________________________________

History

1. Atlanta was originally named Terminus and Marthasville (the latter for Governor Wilson Lumpkin’s daughter.)

2. The city got its current name from railroad engineer J. Edgar Thompson. It’s thought to be a shortened version of “Atlantica-Pacifica.”

3. Your GPS might be confused if you punch in “Peachtree” as your destination. There are over 55 streets with the name.

4. And it's possible none of them are named for an actual peach tree. Historians suggest they're named after the Native American village of “Standing Pitch Tree.” The pronunciation corrupted over the years.

5. Atlanta was the only city in North American destroyed as an act of war. (General Sherman burnt it to the ground.)

6. Only 400 buildings survived.

World Islamic History : 331 H
15/9/942 - 3/9/943 CE

▪︎ 331 AH ( 943 CE ) Nasr ibn Ahmad (Nasr ll) ruler of Samanid Dynasty (914 - 943) died of TB.

▪︎ Samanid Dynasty (Sunni) lasted for 180 yrs (819 - 999 CE) Biggest during Nasr ll rule

_____________________________

The Samanid state was founded by four brothers; Nuh, Ahmad, Yahya, and Ilyas—each of them ruled their own territory under Abbasid suzerainty. In 892, Ismail Samani (892–907) united the Samanid state under one ruler, thus effectively putting an end to the feudal system used by the Samanids. It was also under him that the Samanids became independent of Abbasid authority

____________

Nasr ibn Ahmad or Nasr II (Persian: نصر دوم‎), nicknamed "the Fortunate", was the ruler (amir) of Transoxiana and Khurasan as the head of the Samanid dynasty from 914 to 943. His reign marked the high point of the Samanid dynasty's fortunes. He was the son of Ahmad ibn Isma’il.

____________

Other Events

xx

Islamic Lineage

xxx

_______________________________________________

Islamic Timeline

1 - 100 (623 - 719)
101 - 200 (720 - 816)
201- 300 (817 - 913)
301 - 400 (914 - 1010)
401 - 500 (1011 - 1107)
501 - 600 (1108 - 1204)
601 - 700 (1205 - 1301)
701 - 800 (1302 - 1398)
801 - 900 (1399 - 1495)
901 - 1000 (1496 - 1592)
1001 - 1100 (1593 - 1689)
1101 - 1200 (1690 - 1786)
1201 - 1300 (1787 - 1883)
1301 - 1400 (1884 - 1980)
1401 - 1500 (1981 - 2078)

570	52 BH
	Birth of Prophet Muhammad at Mecca
610	12 BH
	Revelation of the first versus of the Quran
	Ali ibn Abu Talib and Abu Bakar as Siddiq accept Islam
615	7 BH
	Conversion of Omar Ibn Al Khattab
620	2 BH
	A group of Muslims migrates to Abyssinia to escape the persecution in Mecca
622
	Prophet Muhammad migrates to Madina
	Start of the Islamic calendar
	back to top
623 .	1AH 23 Jamadil Thani 2AH 3 Rejab
624 .	2AH 4 Rejab 3AH 14 Rejab
	Battle of Badr
625 .	3AH 15 Rejab 4AH 25 Rejab
	Battle of Uhud
626 .	4AH 26 Rejab 5AH 6 Syaban
	Battle of Khandaq / Battle of the Trench
627 .	5AH 7 Syaban 6AH 17 Syaban
	Prophet Muhammad concludes the Treaty of Hudaibiya with the Meccans
628 .	6AH 18 Syaban 7AH 28 Syaban
	The Muslims reclaim Mecca
	The Prophet sends messages to Khosroe of Persia, Heraclius of Byzantium, Muqawqis of Egypt and the king of Yemen, inviting them to accept Islam
629 .	7AH 29 Syaban 8AH 10 Ramadan
630 .	8AH 11 Ramadan 9AH 21 Ramadan
631 .	10AH 22 Ramadan 10AH 2 Syawal
632 .	10AH 3 Syawal 11AH 13 Syawal
	Farewell pilgrimage of Prophet Muhammad
	The last verse of the Quran is revealed
	Defensive expedition to Tabuk against the Byzantines ends in a stalemate and commander Zaid bin Harris is killed in action
	Prophet Muhammad passes away
	The Companions establish the Caliphate to affirm the historical continuity of Islam
	Abu Bakar as Siddiq is elected the first Caliph
	Death of Fatimah az Zahra beloved daughter of the Prophet,wife of Ali ibn Abu Talib
	back to top
633 .	11AH 14 Syawal 12AH 24 Syawal
	Abu Bakar conducts campaigns against eastern Arabs to ensure their compliance with zakat
	Rise of the false prophets
	Battle of Yamama against Musailimah Al Kazzab
	Abu Bakar authorizes the preparation of a written copy of the Quran, the Mashaf e Siddiqi
634 .	12AH 25 Syawal 13AH 5 Zulqa'dah
	Muslim armies defeat the Byzantines at the Battle of Ajnadyn
	Abu Bakar passes away
	Omar ibn Al Khattab is elected the Caliph
635 .	13AH 6 Zulqa'dah 14AH 15 Zulqa'dah
	Campaigns against eastern Roman and Persian Empires
	The Muslims capture Damascus
636 .	14AH 16 Zulqa'dah 15AH 27 Zulqa'dah
	The Persian army is defeated at the Battle of Qadasia
	The Byzantines are defeated at the Battle of Yarmuk
	Jerusalem conquered by Arab armies. Freedom of worship is guaranteed to Christians.
	back to top
637 .	15AH 28 Zulqa'dah 16 AH 8 Zulhijjah
	The Muslims capture Madayen, capital of the Persian Empire
638 .	16AH 9 Zulhijjah 17AH 19 Zulhijjah
639 .	17AH 20 Zulhijjah 18AH 30 Zulhijjah
640 .	19AH 1 Muharam 20AH 12 Muharam
	Omar bin al As begins campaigns in Egypt
641 .	20AH 13 Muharam 21AH 22 Muharam
	Arab armies advance towards Khorasan, Afghanistan dan Sindh
642 .	21AH 23 Muharam 22AH 3 Safar
	The conquest of Egypt is completed
	Caliph Omar streamlines the administration of the vast empire
	Judical rulings of Omar ibn al Khattab and Ali ibn Abu Talib provide a basis for the sciences of Fiqh
	Persian armies defeated at the Battle of Nahawand
643 .	22AH 4 Safar 23AH 13 Safar
	First construction of the Al Aqsa mosque in Jerusalem
644 .	23AH 14 Safar 24AH 25 Safar
	Caliph Omar ibn Al Khattab is assassinated
	Uthman bin Affan is elected the Caliph
645 .	24AH 26 Safar 25AH 6 Rabiulawal
646 .	25AH 7 Rabiulawal 26AH 17 Rabiulawal
647 .	26AH 18 Rabiulawal 27AH 28 Rabiulawal
648 .	27AH 29 Rabiulawal 28AH 10 Rabiulthani
649 .	28AH 11 Rabiulthani 29AH 21 Rabiulthani
	Cyprus is captured from the Byzantines
650 .	29AH 22 Rabiulthani 30AH 2 Jamadilawal
	Pronunciation of Quranic verses standardized
651 .	30AH 3 Jamadilawal 31AH 12 Jamadilawal
652 .	31AH 13 Jamadilawal 32AH 24 Jamadilawal
	Death of Abu Dhar al Ghifari, venerated Companion and Sufi
653 .	32AH 25 Jamadilawal 33AH 5 Jamadilthani
654 .	33AH 6 Jamadilthani 34AH 16 Jamadilthani
655 .	34AH 17 Jamadilthani 35AH 27 Jamadilthani

656 .	35AH 28 Jamadilthani 36AH 9 Rejab
	Caliph Uthman bin Affan is assassinated
	Ali ibn Abu Talib is elected the Caliph
	Beginning of the Civil Wars
	Caliph Ali ibn Abu Talib defeats dissidents under Aisha binti Abu Bakar at the Battle of the Camel
657 .	36AH 10 Rejab 37AH 20 Rejab
	Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan, governor of Syria, refuses to recognize the Caliphate of Ali
	Battle of Siffin between forces of Ali and Muawiya
	Beginning of the Kharijite schism
	back to top
658 .	37AH 21 Rejab 38AH 1 Syaban
	Ali ibn Abu Talib defeats the Kharijites at the Battle of Nahrawan
	Muawiya is declared the Caliph by his supporters in Damascus
659 .	38AH 2 Syaban 39AH 11 Syaban
	Truce between Caliph Ali ibn Abu Talib and Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan
660 .	39AH 12 Syaban 40AH 22 Syaban
661 .	40AH 23 Syaban 41AH 3 Ramadan
	Caliph Ali ibn Abu Talib is assassinated
	Age of Khulafa e Rashidoon ends
	Muawiya claims the Caliphate
	Beginning of the Umayyad dynasty
	Imam Hassan ibn Ali retires from politics
662 .	41AH 4 Ramadan 42AH 14 Ramadan
663 .	42AH 15 Ramadan 43AH 25 Ramadan
664 .	43AH 26 Ramadan 44AH 7 Syawal
665 .	44AH 8 Syawal 45AH 18 Syawal
	Muawiya orders the buildup of a navy
666 .	45AH 19 Syawal 46AH 28 Syawal
667 .	46AH 29 Syawal 47AH 10 Zulqa'dah
	Muslim armies capture Khorasan
668 .	47AH 11 Zulqa'dah 48AH 21 Zulqa'dah
669 .	48AH 22 Zulqa'dah 49AH 2 Zulhijjah
	Death of Imam Hassan ibn Ali
670 .	49AH 3 Zulhijjah 50AH 12 Zulhijjah
	Uqba bin Nafi begins the conquest of North Africa
	The city of Khairaoun in North Africa is founded
671 .	50AH 13 Zulhijjah 51AH 23 Zulhijjah
	Muslim armies capture the island of Rhodes
	The first attempt to capture Constantinople fails
672 .	51AH 24 Zulhijjah 53AH 5 Muharam
673 .	53AH 6 Muharam 54AH 16 Muharam
674 .	54AH 17 Muharam 55AH 27 Muharam
675 .	55AH 28 Muharam 56AH 8 Safar
676 .	56AH 9 Safar 57AH 20 Safar
677 .	57AH 21 Safar 58AH 1 Rabiulawal
678 .	58AH 2 Rabiulawal 59AH 11 Rabiulawal
	Death of Aisha binti Abu Bakar wife of Prophet Muhammad and the source of a large number of Hadith
	back to top
679 .	59AH 12 Rabiulawal 60AH 21 Rabiulawal
680 .	60AH 22 Rabiulawal 61AH 3 Rabiulthani
	Death of Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan
	Yazid son of Muawiya becomes Omayyad ruler
	The tragedy of Karbala, Hussain ibn Ali,grandson of the Prophet is martyred
	Beginning of Yawm e Ashoora
681 .	61AH 4 Rabiulthani 62AH 14 Rabiulthani
682 .	62AH 15 Rabiulthani 63AH 25 Rabiulthani
683 .	63AH 26 Rabiulthani 64AH 7 Jamadilawal
	Yazid sacks Madina
	Uqba bin Nafi conquers North Africa
	Death of Yazid: Muawiya II succeeds him
684 .	64AH 8 Jamadilawal 65AH 18 Jamadilawal
	Marwan I becomes the Caliph
685 .	65AH 19 Jamadilawal 66AH 28 Jamadilawal
	Abdul Malik becomes the Caliph
	Construction of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem
	Muslim armies advance into Central Asia
686 .	66AH 29 Jamadilawal 67AH 9 Jamadilthani
687 .	67AH 10 Jamadilthani 68AH 20 Jamadilthani
688 .	68AH 21 Jamadilthani 69AH 2 Rejab
689 .	69AH 3 Rejab 70AH 13 Rejab
690 .	70AH 14 Rejab 71AH 24 Rejab
	Omayyad armies reach the Atlantic Ocean
691 .	71AH 25 Rejab 72AH 5 Syaban
	Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem is completed
692 .	72AH 6 Syaban 73AH 17 Syaban
	Abdul Malik mints the first coins of the Islamic state
693 .	73AH 18 Syaban 74AH 27 Syaban
	Al Hajjaj also known as al Hajjaj the cruel becomes governor of Iraq
694 .	74AH 28 Syaban 75AH 8 Ramadan
	Construction of the Omayyad Mosque in Damascus
695 .	75AH 9 Ramadan 76AH 19 Ramadan
696 .	76AH 20 Ramadan 77AH 1 Syawal
697 .	77AH 2 Syawal 78AH 11 Syawal
698 .	78AH 12 Syawal 79AH 22 Syawal
699 .	79AH 23 Syawal 80AH 3 Zulqa'dah
	Death of Al Juhani rationalist, philosopher
	back to top
700 .	80AH 4 Zulqa'dah 81AH 15 Zulqa'dah
701 .	81AH 16 Zulqa'dah 82AH 26 Zulqa'dah
702 .	82AH 27 Zulqa'dah 83AH 7 Zulhijjah
703 .	83AH 8 Zulhijjah 84AH 17 Zulhijjah
704 .	84AH 18 Zulhijjah 85AH 28 Zulhijjah
705 .	85AH 29 Zulhijjah 87AH 10 Muharam
	Al Walid I becomes the Caliph and begins a vigorous expansion of the empire
706 .	87AH 11 Muharam 88AH 20 Muharam
707 .	88AH 21 Muharam 89AH 1 Safar
708 .	89AH 2 Safar 90AH 13 Safar
709 .	90AH 14 Safar 91AH 24 Safar
710 .	91AH 25 Safar 92AH 6 Rabiulawal
711 .	92AH 7 Rabiulawal 93AH 16 Rabiulawal
	Tariq ibn Ziyad lands in Spain. Visigoth army under Rodriguez is defeated at the Battle of Buhayrah
	Muhammad bin Qasim lands at Debal subdues Baluchistan , Sindh , Multan and southern Punjab
712 .	93AH 17 Rabiulawal 94AH 27 Rabiulawal
	Musa ibn Nusair advances into Leon, Astoria, and Galicia
	Beginning of 780 years of Muslim rule in Andalus
	Jewish golden age in Spain
	Death of Imam Zainul Abedin
713 .	94AH 28 Rabiulawal 95AH 8 Rabiulthani
	Zaid bin Zainul Abedin organizes resistance to the Omayyads. Beginning of the Zaidi branch.
	Muslim armies capture Lyons in France
714 .	95AH 9 Rabiulthani 96AH 19 Rabiulthani
	Muhammad bin Qasim recalled from Sindh by Hajjaj bin Yusuf and imprisoned until death
	Muslims capture Normandy in France
715 .	96AH 20 Rabiulthani 97AH 29 Rabiulthani
	Sulaiman becomes Umayyad Caliph
	Musa ibn Nusair recalled from Spain by Caliph Sulaiman, stripped of all power and banished into the desert
716 .	97AH 1 Jamadilawal 98AH 12 Jamadilawal
717 .	98AH 13 Jamadilawal 99AH 23 Jamadilawal
	Omar bin Abdul Aziz becomes the Caliph and attempts reconciliation in the Islamic community. He lowers taxes on peasants in Persia and Egypt.
	The Byzantines repulse a second Muslim attempt to capture Constantinople.
	Spread of Islam into Persia and Egypt picks up momentum
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718 .	99AH 24 Jamadilawal 100AH 4 Jamadilthani
719 .	100AH 5 Jamadilthani 101AH 14 Jamadilthani
	Omar bin Abdul Aziz is poisoned
	Yazid II becomes the Caliph
720 .	101AH 15 Jamadilthani 102AH 26 Jamadilthani
	Muslim armies cross the Pyrenees and occupy southern France
721 .	102AH 27 Jamadilthani 103AH 7 Rejab
722 .	103AH 8 Rejab 104AH 17 Rejab
723 .	104AH 18 Rejab 105AH 28 Rejab
724 .	105AH 29 Rejab 106AH 10 Syaban
	Hisham becomes the Caliph
725 .	106AH 11 Syaban 107AH 21 Syaban
726 .	107AH 22 Syaban 108AH 2 Ramadan
727 .	108AH 3 Ramadan 109AH 13 Ramadan
728 .	109AH 14 Ramadan 110AH 25 Ramadan
	Death of Hasan al Basri,well known Sufi Shaykh
729 .	110AH 26 Ramadan 111AH 6 Syawal
730 .	111AH 7 Syawal 112AH 16 Syawal
731 .	112AH 17 Syawal 113AH 26 Syawal
	Death of Imam al Baqir
732 .	113AH 27 Syawal 114AH 8 Zulqa'dah
	Charles Martel stops the Muslim advance into Europe at the Battle of Tours
733 .	114AH 9 Zulqa'dah 115AH 19 Zulqa'dah
734 .	115AH 20 Zulqa'dah 116AH 30 Zulqa'dah
735 .	116AH 1 Zulhijjah 117AH 11 Zulhijjah
	Muslim armies advance through southern France and occupy mountain passes in Switzerland
736 .	117AH 12 Zulhijjah 118AH 23 Zulhijjah
737 .	118AH 24 Zulhijjah 120AH 4 Muharam
738 .	120AH 5 Muharam 121AH 15 Muharam
739 .	121AH 16 Muharam 122AH 25 Muharam

740 .	122AH 26 Muharam 123AH 7 Safar
	Death of Imam Zaid bin Zain ul Abedin
741 .	123AH 8 Safar 124AH 17 Safar
742 .	124AH 18 Safar 125AH 28 Safar

743 .	125AH 29 Safar 126AH 9 Rabiulawal
	Al Walid II becomes the Caliph
744 .	126AH 10 Rabiulawal 127AH 21 Rabiulawal
	Abu Muslim is appointed the chief dayee of Khorasan
	Yazid III, Ibrahim and Marwan II become the Caliphs in rapid succession
745 .	127AH 22 Rabiulawal 128AH 3 Rabiulthani
	Imam Jaafar as Saadiq discusses Fiqh issues in his study circles. Imam Abu Haneefa participates in these studies and benefits from them.
746 .	128AH 4 R.T 129AH 3 R.T
	Beginning of the Abbasid revolution in Khorasan
747 .	129AH 14 R.T 130AH 24 R.T
	Kufa falls to the Abbasids. Abu Muslim nominates Abul Abbas as the first Abbasid Caliph
748 .	130AH 25 R.T 131AH 6 J.A
749 .	131AH 7 J.A 132AH 16 J.A
750 .	132AH 17 J.A 133AH 27 J.A
	The Abbasid Revolution
	The Abbasid forces defeat the Caliph Marwan at the Battle of Zab. The Umayyads are swept away from power and are slaughtered
	Andur Rahman I escapes to Spain
	Beginning of the Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad. Abu Abbas al Saffah becomes the first Abbasid Caliph
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751 .	133AH 28 J.A 134AH 8 J.T
	Battle of Tlas.The Muslim armies are victorious over the forces of the Tang Empire. China cedes Central Asia to the Caliphate
	Systematic development of Fiqh begins
752 .	134AH 9 J.T 135AH 20 J.T
753 .	135AH 21 J.T 136AH 1 Rej

754 .	136AH 2 Rej 137AH 12 Rej
	Al Mansur becomes the Caliph,sends troops into China in response to a request for help from the Tang Emperor Tsung.
755 .	137AH 13 Rej 138AH 22 Rej
	The Umayyad Abdur Rahman I establishes the Umayyad Emirate in Cordoba Spain
756 .	138AH 23 Rej 139AH 4 Syab
757 .	139AH 5 Syab 140AH 15 Syab

758 .	140AH 16 Syab 141AH 25 Syab

759 .	141AH 26 Syab 142AH 6 Ramad
	The Franks recapture Narbonne from the Muslims
760 .	142AH 7 Ramad 143AH 18 Ramad
	Death of Imam Ismail, son of Imam Jaafar as Saadiq
	Beginning of the Fatimid branch among Muslims
761 .	143AH 19 Ramad 144AH 29 Ramad
762 .	144AH 30 Ramad 145AH 10 Syaw
763 .	145AH 11 Syaw 146AH 21 Syaw
	Baghdad becomes the seat of the Caliphate and the cradle of Islamic civilization
764 .	146AH 22 Syaw 147AH 3 Zulqa'
765 .	147AH 4 Zulqa' 148AH 13 Zulqa'
	Death of Imam Jaafar as Saadiq one of the principal sources of Fiqh. Caliph al Mansur establishes schools of translation in Baghdad.
	Muslims come into contact with Greek philosophy and Indian mathematics
766 .	148AH 14 Zulqa' 149AH 24 Zulqa'
767 .	149AH 25 Zulqa' 150AH 5 Zulhij
768 .	150AH 6 Zulhij 151AH 16 Zulhij
	Death of Imam Abu Haneefa after whom the Hanafi school of Fiqh is named.
	Charlemagne ( 768-814) ascends the Frankish throne.
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769 .	151AH 17 Zulhij 152AH 27 Zulhij
770 .	152AH 28 Zulhij 154AH 8 Muh
771 .	154AH 9 Muh 155AH 19 Muh
772 .	155AH 20 Muh 156AH 1 Saf
773 .	156AH 2 Saf 157AH 12 Saf
774 .	157H 13 Saf 158H 22 Saf
775 .	158H 23 Saf 159H 3 R.A
	Al Mahdi becomes the Caliph
776 .	159H 4 R.A 160H 15 R.A
777 .	160H 16 R.A 161H 25 R.A
778 .	161H 26 R.A 162H 6 R.T
	Charlemagne of France raids Muslim Spain
779 .	162H 7 R.T 163H 17 R.T
780 .	163H 18 R.T 164H 29 R.T
	Charlemagne invades German territories and converts the Germans to Christianity
781 .	164H 1 J.A 165H 11 J.A
	Ibn Jabir invents the science of chemistry
782 .	165H 12 J.A 166H 21 J.A
783 .	166H 22 J.A 167H 2 J.T
784 .	167H 3 J.T 168H 13 J.T
785 .	168H 14 J.T 169H 24 J.T
	Al Hadi becomes the Caliph
786 .	169H 25 J.T 170H 5 Rej
	Harun al Rashid becomes the Caliph. Golden age of Baghdad
787 .	170H 6 Rej 171H 16 Rej
788 .	171H 17 Rej 172H 28 Rej
	Beginning of the Idrisid dynasty in North Africa
789 .	172H 29 Rej 173H 9 Syab
790 .	173H 10 Syab 174H 20 Syab
	The manufacture of paper is introduced into Baghdad from China
791 .	174H 21 Syab 175H 1 Ramad
792 .	175H 2 Ramad 176H 12 Ramad
793 .	176H 13 Ramad 177H 22 Ramad
794 .	177H 23 Ramad 178H 3 Syaw
795 .	178H 4 Syaw 179H 14 Syaw
	Death of Imam Malik bin Anas, after whom the Maliki school of Fiqh is named
796 .	179H 15 Syaw 180H 26 Syaw
797 .	180H 27 Syaw 181H 7 Zulqa'
798 .	181H 8 Zulqa' 182H 18 Zulqa'
799 .	182H 19 Zulqa' 183H 29 Zulqa'
	Zubaida, wife of Harun al Rashid performs the Hajj and builds rest houses for hajjis on the road
	Death of Imam Muza al Kazim
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800 .	183H 30 Zulqa' 184H 11 Zulhij
	Harun al Rashid and Charlemagne exchange ambassadors
801 .	184H 12 Zulhij 185H 21 Zulhij
	The city of Fez is established
	Charlemagne begins an invasion of Muslim Spain
802 .	185H 22 Zulhij 187H 2 Muh
	Death of Rabia al Adawiya one of the most celebrated spiritual luminaries and a teacher of Sufi masters
803 .	187H 3 Muh 188H 13 Muh
804 .	188H 14 Muh 189H 24 Muh
805 .	189H 25 Muh 190H 6 Saf
806 .	190H 7 Saf 191H 17 Saf
807 .	18 Saf 191H 27 Saf 192H
808 .	192H 28 Saf 193H 9 R.A
809 .	193H 10 R.A 194H 20 R.A
	Death of Harun al Rashid. Al Amin becomes the Caliph in Baghdad
810 .	194H 21 R.A 195H 1 R.T
811 .	195H 2 R.T 196H 11 R.T
812 .	196H 12 R.T 197H 22 R.T
813 .	197H 23 R.T 198H 4 J.A
	Al Mamun succeeds his brother Al Amin as the Caliph
814 .	198H 5 J.A 199H 15 J.A
	Death of Charlemagne. The Carolingian Empire in Europe begins to disintegrate
815 .	199H 16 J.A 200H 26 J.A
	Al Khwarizmi invents the science of Algebra and develops the mathematics of equations
	Viking raids from the North ravage Europe
	The Abbasid Empire begins a slow process of disintegration. The Idrisids in North Africa and the Tahirids in Persia become autonomous
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816 .	200H 27 J.A 201H 8 J.T
817 .	201H 9 J.T 202H 18 J.T
818 .	202H 19 J.T 203H 29 J.T
	Death of Imam Ali al Rida
819 .	203H 30 J.T 204H 10 Rej
820 .	204H 11 Rej 205H 21 Rej
	Death of Imam al Shafie after whom the Shafie school of Fiqh is named.
	Rise of the Aghlabids in North Africa
821 .	205H 22 Rej 206H 2 Syab
822 .	206H 3 Syab 207H 13 Syab
	Music flourishes at the court of Cordoba under the musician al Zirhab
	The Aghlabid armies from North Africa invade Sicily
823 .	207H 14 Syab 208H 24 Syab
824 .	208H 25 Syab 209H 6 Ramad
825 .	209H 7 Ramad 210H 17 Ramad
826 .	210H 18 Ramad 211H 28 Ramad
827 .	211H 29 Ramad 212H 8 Syaw
	Caliph al Mamun adopts Mutazilite doctrines as court dogma
	The Idrisids capture Crete, Sardinia and Sicily
828 .	212H 9 Syaw 213H 20 Syaw
829 .	213H 21 Syaw 214H 1 Zulqa'
830 .	214H 2 Zulqa' 215H 11 Zulqa'
	Caliph al Mamun patronizes the Bait ul Hikmah (House of Wisdom) in Baghdad and encourages translation of Greek and Sanskrit books into arabic. The Muslims develop concept of decimals in mathematics
831 .	215H 12 Zulqa' 216H 22 Zulqa'
	Muslims capture Palermo Italy
832 .	216H 23 Zulqa' 217H 4 Zulhij
833 .	217H 5 Zulhij 218H 15 Zulhij
	Death of Al Mamun. Al Mutasim becomes the Caliph and enlists Turks into the army
834 .	218H 16 Zulhij 219H 26 Zulhij
835 .	219H 27 Zulhij 221H 7 Muh
	Death of Imam al Jawwad
836 .	221H 8 Muh 222H 18 Muh
837 .	222H 19 Muh 223H 29 Muh
838 .	223H 30 Muh 224H 10 Saf
	Umayyad armies from Spain occupy Marseilles France
839 .	224H 11 Saf 225H 20 Saf
840 .	225H 21 Saf 226H 3 R.A
	Death of Al Khwarizmi mathematician , Sufi Shaykh
841 .	226H 4 Rabiulawal 227H 14 Rabiulawal
842 .	227H 15 Rabiulawal 228H 25 Rabiulawal
	Al Wathiq becomes the Caliph
843 .	228H 26 Rabiulawal 229H 6 Rabiulthani
844 .	229H 7 Rabiulthani 230H 17 Rabiulthani
845 .	230H 18 Rabiulthani 231H 28 Rabiulthani
846 .	231H 29 Rabiulthani 232 8 Jamadilawal
	The Aghlabids in North Africa occupy Pisa and conduct a raid on Rome
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847 .	232H 9 Jamadilawal 233H 19 Jamadilawal
	Al Mutawakkil becomes the Caliph abandons Mutazilite doctrines
848 .	233H 20 Jamadilawal 234H 1 Jamadilthani
849 .	234H 2 Jamadilthani 235H 12 Jamadilthani
850 .	235H 13 Jamadilthani 236H 23 Jamadilthani
	Turkish influence in the Caliphate grows
851 .	236H 24 Jamadilthani 237H 4 Rejab
852 .	237H 5 Rejab 238H 16 Rejab
853 .	238H 17 Rejab 239H 26 Rejab
854 .	239H 27 Rejab 240H 7 Syaban
855 .	240H 8 Syaban 241H 7 Syaban
	Death of Imam ibn Hanbal after whom the Hanbali school of FIqh is named
856 .	241H 18 Syaban 242H 29 Syaban
857 .	242H 30 Syaban 243H 10 Ramadan
858 .	243H 11 Ramadan 244H 21 Ramadan
859 .	244H 22 Ramadan 245H 2 Syawal
860 .	245H 3 Syawal 246H 14 Syawal

861 .	246H 15 Syawal 247H 25 Syawal
	University of Kairaouine ( established 859 CE ) in Fes Morocco. Caliph al Mutawakkil is murdered in Baghdad. Al Muntasir becomes the Caliph
862 .	247H 26 Syawal 248H 6 Zulqa'dah
863 .	248H 7 Zulqa'dah 249H 16 Zulqa'dah
864 .	249H 17 Zulqa'dah 250H 28 Zulqa'dah
865 .	250H 29 Zulqa'dah 251H 8 Zulhijjah
866 .	251H 9 Zulhijjah 252H 19 Zulhijjah
	Al Mutaz becomes the Caliph
867 .	252H 20 Zulhijjah 253H 30 Zulhijjah
868 .	254H 1 Muharram 255H 12 Muharram
	Egypt becomes autonomous under the Tulunids
	Palermo in Sicily becomes a center of Islamic learning
	Death of Imam al Hadi
869 .	255H 13 Muharram 256H 23 Muharram
870 .	256H 24 Muharram 257H 4 Safar
	The Zanj workers from East Africa revolt in Iraq
	Death of Al Farabi and Al Kindi noted men of science
	Death of Al Tabari renowned physician
	The Muslims capture Malta
	Al Mutamid becomes the Caliph in Baghdad
871 .	257H 5 Safar 258H 15 Safar
872 .	258H 16 Safar 259H 26 Safar
873 .	259H 27 Safar 260H 7 Rabiulawal
874 .	260H 8 Rabiulawal 261H 18 Rabiulawal
	Death of Abul Hussain Muslim, compiler of Hadith
	Death of Imam al Askari
	Death of Al Kindi mathematician astronomer
	Death of Al Bistami one of the most celebrated Sufi Shaikhs
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875 .	261H 19 Rabiulawal 262H 28 Rabiulawal
	Hamdan Karamat starts the Karamatian movement
	The Sassanids establish themselves in Bokhara
876 .	262H 29 Rabiulawal 263H 11 Rabiulthani
877 .	263H 12 Rabiulthani 264H 22 Rabiulthani
878 .	264H 23 Rabiulthani 265H 3 Jamadilawal
	Disappearance of Imam al Muntazar the Twelth Imam
	Beginning of belief in the hidden Imam
879 .	265H 4 Jamadilawal 266H 14 Jamadilawal
880 .	266H 15 Jamadilawal 267H 25 Jamadilawal
	The Aghlabids lose southern Italy to Christian forces
881 .	267H 26 Jamadilawal 268H 6 Jamadilthani
882 .	268H 7 Jamadilthani 269H 16 Jamadilthani
	A rebellion of the Zanj in Iraq is crushed
883 .	269H 17 Jamadilthani 270H 27 Jamadilthani
884 .	270H 28 Jamadilthani 271H 9 Rejab
885 .	271H 10 Rejab 272H 20 Rejab
886 .	272H 21 Rejab 273H 1 Syaban
887 .	273H 2 Syaban 274H 12 Syaban
	Peasant revolt in China against foreigners forces out the Muslims of Canton
888 .	274H 13 Syaban 275H 23 Syaban
889 .	275H 24 Syaban 276H 4 Ramadan
	Death of Ibn Kutaiba historian
890 .	276H 5 Ramadan 277H 15 Ramadan
	Spanish Muslims re-establish bases in southern France and conduct raids into Switzerland
891 .	277H 16 Ramadan 278H 25 Ramadan
892 .	278H 26 Ramadan 279H 7 Syawal
	Death of Muhammed al Tharmidi historian
	Al Mutadid becomes the Caliph
893 .	279H 8 Syawal 280H 18 Syawal
	The Karamatians capture Yemen
894 .	280H 19 Syawal 281H 29 Syawal
895 .	281H 30 Syawal 282H 10 Syawal
896 .	282H 11 Syawal 283H 22 Zulqa'dah
897 .	283H 23 Zulqa'dah 284H 3 Zulhijjah
898 .	284H 4 Zulhijjah 285H 14 Zulhijjah
	Imam al Hadi Yahya establishes a Zaidi state in Yemen
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899 .	285H 15 Zulhijjah 286H 24 Zulhijjah
900 .	286H 25 Zulhijjah 288H 6 Muharram
	The Arabian Nights are compiled
	Improvements appear in the design and use of the Astrolabe
	The Kharijites establish a dynasty in Sijilmasa North Africa
901 .	288H 7 Muharram 289H 16 Muharram
	The Samanids emerge in Khorasan Persia
902 .	289H 17 Muharram 290H 27 Muharram
	Al Muktafi becomes the Caliph
903 .	290H 28 Muharram 291H 9 Safar
	The Karamatians plunder Damascus
904 .	291H 10 Safar 292H 20 Safar
	Muslim armies capture Solonika from the Byzantines
905 .	292H 21 Safar 293H 2 Rabiulawwal
906 .	293H 3 Rabiulawwal 294H 12 Rabiulawwal
907 .	294H 13 Rabiulawwal 295H 22 Rabiulawwal
	Abu Abdullah Fatimid leader moves to North Africa
908 .	295H 23 Rabiulawal 296H 4 Rabiulthani
	Al Muqtadir becomes the Caliph in Baghdad
909 .	296H 5 Rabiulthani 297H 15 Rabiulthani
	The Fatimids establish themselves in North Africa
	Ubaidulla al Mahdi becomes the first Fatimid Caliph
910 .	297H 16 Rabiulthani 298H 25 Rabiulthani
	Al Razi conducts research into infectious diseases including small pox,rabies and the plague
911 .	298H 26 Rabiulthani 299H 7 Jamadilawwal
912 .	299H 8 Jamadilawwal 300H 19 Jamadilawwal
	Reign of Abdul Rahman III in Spain (912 - 961). Cordoba becomes the premier city of Europe. Golden age of Spain. Science and civilization thrive.
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913 .	300H 20 Jamadilawwal 301H 30 Jamadilawwal
914 .	301H 1 Jamadilthani 30211 Jamadilthani
	Nasr al Saeed of the Samanids in Khorasan favors the Fatimids over the Abbasids
915 .	302H 12 Jamadilthani 303H 21 Jamadilthani
	The Kharijites establish themselves in southern Morocco
	The Fatimids raid Egypt
916 .	303H 22 Jamadilthani 304H 3 Rejab
917 .	304H 4 Rejab 305H 14 Rejab
918 .	305H 15 Rejab 306H 24 Rejab
919 .	306H 25 Rejab 307H 5 Syaban
920 .	307H 6 Syaban 308H 17 Syaban
921 .	308H 18 Syaban 309H 28 Syaban
922 .	309H 29 Syaban 310H 9 Ramadan
	Mansur al Hallaj Persian mystic is executed for his esoteric views
	Beginning of the Tahirid dynasty in Iraq
923 .	310H 10 Ramadan 311H 20 Ramadan
	Death of Abu Tabari, noted commentator on the Quran
924 .	311H 21 Ramadan 312H 2 Syawal
925 .	312H 3 Syawal 313H 12 Syawal
	Death of Al Razi doctor of medicine
926 .	313H 13 Syawal 314H 22 Syawal
927 .	314H 23 Syawal 315H 3 Zulqa'dah
928 .	315H 4 Zulqa'dah 316H 15 Zulqa'dah
929 .	316H 16 Zulqa'dah 317H 26 Zulqa'dah
	In response to Fatimid claims to the Caliphate, Abdul Rahman III of Spain assumes the title of Caliph and protector of Sunni Muslims in North Africa
930 .	317H 27 Zulqa'dah 318H 8 Zulhijjah
	The Karamatians raid Mecca and carry off the Hijr e Aswad from the Haram to Bahrain
931 .	318H 9 Zulhijjah 319H 18 Zulhijjah
	Abdur Rahman III occupies Ceuta
	The Fatimids capture Algeria
932 .	319H 19 Zulhijjah 320H 30 Zulhijjah
	The Buyids establish their rule in southern Iraq
	Al Qahir becomes the Caliph in Baghdad
933 .	321H 1 Muharram 322H 11 Muharram
	The Ishkedids displace the Tulunids in Egypt and rule until 969
934 .	322H 12 Muharram 323H 21 Muharram
	Al Radi becomes the Abbasid Caliph
	Al Qaim becomes the Fatimid Caliph
935 .	323H 22 Muharram 324H 2 Safar
936 .	324H 3 Safar 325H 14 Safar
	Death of Al Ashari (874-936), highly influential theologian who reconciled Mutazilite doctrines with orthodox theology. Author of ''occasionalism' in philosophy
937 .	325H 15 Safar 326H 25 Safar
938 .	326H 26 Safar 327H 6 Rabiulawwal

939 .	327H 7 Rabiulawwal 328H 17 Rabiulawwal
	Abdul RAhman III of Spain captures Fraxinetum, Valais,Geneva, Toulon and Great St. Bernard
940 .	328H 18 Rabiulawwal 329H 28 Rabiulawwal
	Extensive postal services are established by the Abbasids
	Al Muttaqi becomes the Abbasid Caliph
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941 .	329H 29 Rabiulawwal 330H 9 Rabiulthani
942 .	330H 10 Rabiulthani 331H 20 Rabiulthani
943 .	331H 21 Rabiulthani 332H 1 Jamadilawwal
944 .	332H 2 Jamadilawwal 333H 12 Jamadilawwal
945 .	333H 13 Jamadilawwal 334H 23 Jamadilawwal
	The Buyids temporarily capture Baghdad
946 .	334H 24 Jamadilawwal 335H 4 Jamadilthani
	Al Mutee becomes the Abbasid Caliph
	Al Mansur becomes the Fatimid Caliph
947 .	335H 5 Jamadilthani 336H 15 Jamadilthani
948 .	336H 16 Jamadilthani 337H 27 Jamadilthani
949 .	337H 28 Jamadilthani 338H 8 Rejab

950 .	338H 9 Rejab 339H 19 Rejab
	Death of Al Farabi , noted scientist, philosopher, jurist,author of treatises on ethics, music and logic, Sufi Shaykh
951 .	339H 20 Rejab 340H 29 Rejab
	The Ikhwan as Safa in Iraq compile an Ecyclopedia of Knowledge
952 .	340H 30 Rejab 341H 11 Syaban
953 .	341H 12 Syaban 342H 21 Syaban
	Al Muiz becomes the Fatimid Caliph in North Africa
954 .	342H 22 Syaban 342H 2 Ramadan
955 .	342H 3 Ramadan 344H 13 Ramadan
	Sharp naval engagements between the navies of Al Muiz and Abdul Rahman III off the coast of Spain
956 .	344H 14 Ramadan 345H 25 Ramadan
957 .	345H 26 Ramadan 346H 6 Syawal
	Al Masudi, the historian, passes away
958 .	346H 7 Syawal 347H 17 Syawal
959 .	347H 18 Syawal 348H 28 Syawal
960 .	348H 29 Syawal 349H 9 Zulqa'dah

961 .	349H 10 Zulqa'dah 350H 20 Zulqa'dah
	Death of Abdul Rahman III
	The Oghuz family of Turks in Central Asia accepts Islam
962 .	350H 21 Zulqa'dah 351H 1 Zulhijjah
	The Seljuk, Alaptagin, establishes a kingdom in Ghazna Afghanistan
963 .	351H 2 Zulhijjah 352H 11 Zulhijjah
964 .	352H 12 Zulhijjah 353H 23 Zulhijjah
965 .	353H 24 Zulhijjah 355H 5 Muharram
966 .	355H 6 Muharram 356H 16 Muharram
967 .	356H 17 Muharram 357H 26 Muharram
968 .	357H 27 Muharram 358H 8 Safar
	The Umayyads establish a university in Cordoba
969 .	358H 9 Safar 359H 19 Safar
	The Fatimids conquer Egypt and establish the city of Cairo
970 .	359H 20 Safar 360H 29 Safar
	The Fatimids capture Syria, Mecca and Madina and lay claim to the leadership of the Islamic world. Fatimid rule in Multan ( modern Pakistan ). Brisk trade between Alexandria, Egypt and Venice, Italy
971 .	360H 30 Safar 361H 10 Rabiulawwal
	The Fatimids establish Al-Azhar University in Cairo
972 .	361H 11 Rabiulawwal 362H 22 Rabiulawwal
973 .	362H 23 Rabiulawwal 363H 3 Rabiulthani

974 .	363H 4 Rabiulthani 364H 14 Rabiulthani
	Al Ta'ee becomes the Abbasid Caliph
975 .	364H 15 Rabiulthani 365H 25 Rabiulthani
	Death of Al Muiz, Fatimid Caliph of Egypt. Al Aziz becomes the Fatimid Caliph
	Muslim astronomers publish manuscripts showing constellations of stars
976 .	365H 26 Rabiulthani 366H 7 Jamadilawwal
977 .	366H 8 Jamadilawwal 367H 17 Jamadilawwal
978 .	367H 18 Jamadilawwal 368H 27 Jamadilawwal
979 .	368H 28 Jamadilawwal 369H 8 Jamadilthani
980 .	369H 9 Jamadilthani 370H 20 Jamadilthani
981 .	370H 21 Jamadilthani 371H 1 Rejab
982 .	371H 2 Rejab 372H 12 Rejab
983 .	372H 13 Rejab 373H 23 Rejab
984 .	373H 24 Rejab 374H 5 Syaban
985 .	374H 6 Syaban 375H 16 Syaban
986 .	375H 17 Syaban 376H 26 Syaban
987 .	376H 27 Syaban 377H 7 Ramadan
988 .	377H 8 Ramadan 378H 19 Ramadan
	Count Vladimir of Kiev embraces Eastern Orthodox Christianity
989 .	378H 20 Ramadan 379H 29 Ramadan
990 .	379H 1 Syawal 380H 10 Syawal
991 .	380H 11 Syawal 381H 21 Syawal
	Al Qadir becomes the Abbasid Caliph
992 .	381H 22 Syawal 382H 4 Zulqa'dah
993 .	382H 5 Zulqa'dah 383H 14 Zulqa'dah
994 .	383H 15 Zulqa'dah 384H 25 Zulqa'dah
995 .	384H 26 Zulqa'dah 385H 6 Zulhijjah
996 .	385H 7 Zulhijjah 386H 7 Zulhijjah
	Al Hakim becomes the Fatimid Caliph
	Pope Pious XI declares the Crusades against Muslim
997 .	386H 18 Zulhijjah 387H 28 Zulhijjah
	Mahmud succeeds Alaptagin in Ghazna and dominates Central Asia
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998 .	387H 29 Zulhijjah 389H 9 Muharram
999 .	389H 10 Muharram 390H 19 Muharram
	Large scale Turkish migrations into Central Asia.
	Kara Khani Turks occupy Bukhara.
	Mahmud of Ghazna annexes Khorasan.
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1000 .	390H 20 Muharram 391H 2 Safar
	Mahmud makes the first of seventeen raids into India.
	The Chinese use gunpowder to propel arrows.
1001 .	391H 3 Safar 392H 13 Safar
	Mahmud starts campaigns to capture Peshawar, Bhera, Nagarkot, Tarain, Thaneshwar and Kanauj in India.
1002 .	392H 14 Safar 393H 23 Safar
1003 .	393H 24 Safar 394H 4 Rabiulawwal
1004 .	394H 5 Rabiulawwal 395H 16 Rabiulawwal
	Mahmud defeats Dawud, Fatimid ruler of Multan.
1005 .	395H 17 Rabiulawwal 396H 26 Rabiulawwal
1006 .	396H 27 Rabiulawwal 397H 7 Rabiulthani
1007 .	397H 8 Rabiulthani 398H 18 Rabiulthani
1008 .	398H 19 Rabiulthani 399H 30 Rabiulthani
1009 .	399H 1 Jamadilawwal 400H 11 Jamadilawwal
1010 .	400H 12 Jamadilawwal 401H 22 Jamadilawwal
1011 .	401H 23 Jamadilawwal 402H 3 Jamadilthani
1012 .	402H 4 Jamadilthani 403H 15 Jamadilthani
1013 .	403H 16 Jamadilthani 404H 25 Jamadilthani
1014 .	404H 26 Jamadilthani 405H 6 Rejab
1015 .	405H 7 Rejab 406H 16 Rejab
1016 .	406H 17 Rejab 407H 28 Rejab
	The Christians reclaim Sardinia.
1017 .	407H 29 Rejab 408H 9 Syaban
	Beginning of the Druze sect in Lebanon.
1018 .	408H 10 Syaban 409H 20 Syaban
1019 .	409H 21 Syaban 410H 1 Ramadan
1020 .	410H 2 Ramadan 411H 13 Ramadan
	Death of Firdowsi of Persia, author of Shah Nama.
	Mahmud establishes Lahore as the capital of Punjab.
	Death of Fatimid Caliph al Hakim who had claimed divinity.
1021 .	411H 14 Ramadan 412H 23 Ramadan
	Al Zahir becomes the Fatimid Caliph.
1022 .	412H 24 Ramadan 413H 4 Syawal
1023 .	413H 5 Syawal 414H 15 Syawal
1024 .	414H 16 Syawal 415H 26 Syawal
	Mahmud raids temple of Somanath in Gujrat, India.
1025 .	415H 27 Syawal 416H 8 Zulqa'dah
	Al Baruni publishes Kitab ul Hind, a penetrating study of the people of India.
1026 .	416H 9 Zulqa'dah 417H 19 Zulqa'dah
1027 .	417H 20 Zulqa'dah 418H 30 Zulqa'dah
1028 .	418H 1 Zulhijjah 419H 12 Zulhijjah
1029 .	419H 13 Zulhijjah 420H 22 Zulhijjah
1030 .	420H 23 Zulhijjah 422H 3 Muharram
	Death of Mahmud of Ghazna. Umayyad caliphate in Cordoba defeated by the Christian Reconquista.
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1031 .	422H 4 Muharram 423H 14 Muharram
	The Umayyad Caliphate of Cordoba disintegrates. Spain breaks up into petty emirates. The Christian kingdoms of Castille, Leon and Portugal position themselves to attack the Muslim territories.
	Al Qaim becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
1032 .	423H 15 Muharram 424H 25 Muharram
	The Church of Constantinople breaks with the Church of Rome over the issue of icons in the Church.
1033 .	424H 26 Muharram 425H 6 Safar
1034 .	425H 7 Safar 426H 17 Safar
1035 .	426H 18 Safar 427H 28 Safar
1036 .	427H 29 Safar 428H 10 Rabiulawwal
	Taghril Beg becomes Seljuk Sultan.
	Al Mustansir becomes the Fatimid Caliph.
1037 .	428H 11 Rabiulawwal 429H 21 Rabiulawwal
	Death of Abu Ali ibn Sina, one of the greatest of physicians.
	Ferdinand I, king of Castille, captures Leon.
1038 .	429H 22 Rabiulawwal 430H 2 Rabiulthani
	Death of Al Hazen, noted physicist.
1039 .	430H 3 Rabiulthani 431H 12 Rabiulthani
1040 .	431H 13 Rabiulthani 432H 23 Rabiulthani
1041 .	432H 24 Rabiulthani 433H 4 Jamadilawwal

1042 .	433H 5 Jamadilawwal 434H 15 Jamadilawwal

1043 .	434H 16 Jamadilawwal 435H 26 Jamadilawwal
	The Fatimid Empire begins to crumble. Mecca, Madina, Yemen and North Africa are lost by the Fatimids.
1044 .	435H 27 Jamadilawwal 436H 8 Jamadilthani
1045 .	436H 9 Jamadilthani 437H 19 Jamadilthani
1046 .	437H 20 Jamadilthani 438H 30 Jamadilthani
1047 .	438H 1 Rejab 439H 11 Rejab
1048 .	439H 12 Rejab 440H 22 Rejab
	Death of al Bairuni, historian, author of Kitab ul Hind.
1049 .	440H 23 Rejab 441H 3 Syaban
1050 .	441H 4 Syaban 442H 14 Syaban
	The Christians advance in Sicily.
1051 .	442H 15 Syaban 443H 24 Syaban
	Beginning of the Murabitun revolution in West Africa.
1052 .	443H 25 Syaban 444H 6 Ramadan
1053 .	444H 7 Ramadan 445H 17 Ramadan
1054 .	445H 18 Ramadan 446H 28 Ramadan
1055 .	446H 29 Ramadan 447H 9 Syawal

1056 .	447H 10 Syawal 448H 21 Syawal
	The Seljuk Taghril Beg and the Buyid Basisiri contest the control of Baghdad.
1057 .	448H 22 Syawal 449H 2 Zulqa'dah
1058 .	449H 3 Zulqa'dah 450H 12 Zulqa'dah
	Taghril Beg is anointed by Abbasid Caliph Kaim as “sultan of the east and the west” for his role in protecting the Abbasid Caliphate.
1059 .	450H 13 Zulqa'dah 451H 23 Zulqa'dah
1060 .	451H 24 Zulqa'dah 452H 5 Zulhijjah
	The Seljuk Turks advance into Persia, Azerbaijan and Armenia.
	The Crusaders raid the coast of North Africa.
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1061 .	452H 6 Zulhijjah 453H 16 Zulhijjah
	The Murabitun capture Morocco.
	The Murabitun establish the city of Marrakesh as their capital.
1062 .	453H 17 Zulhijjah 454H 27 Zulhijjah
1063 .	454H 28 Zulhijjah 456H 8 Muharram
	Taghril Beg dies childless. His nephew Alap Arsalan becomes the Seljuk sultan.
1064 .	456H 9 Muharram 457H 20 Muharram
1065 .	457H 21 Muharram 458H 1 Safar
1066 .	458H 2 Safar 459H 11 Safar
1067 .	459H 12 Safar 460H 21 Safar
1068 .	460H 22 Safar 461H 3 Rabiulawwal
	Beginning of the Songhay Empire in West Africa.
1069 .	461H 4 Rabiulawwal 462H 14 Rabiulawwal
1070 .	462H 15 Rabiulawwal 463H 25 Rabiulawwal
1071 .	463H 26 Rabiulawwal 464H 6 Rabiulthani
1072 .	464H 7 Rabiulthani 465H 18 Rabiulthani
	Battle of Manzikert. The Seljuk Turks under Alap Arsalan defeat the Byzantines under Emperor Romanus and open up Anatolia for Turkish settlement.
	The Christians capture Palermo in Sicily.
1073 .	465H 19 Rabiulthani 466H 28 Rabiulthani
1074 .	466H 29 Rabiulthani 467H 9 Jamadilawwal
1075 .	467H 10 Jamadilawwal 468H 20 Jamadilawwal
	The Seljuk Sultan Malik Shah retakes Syria from the Fatimids.
	Al Muqtadi becomes the Abbasid Caliph.
1076 .	468H 21 Jamadilawwal 469H 2 Jamadilthani
1077 .	469H 3 Jamadilthani 470H 12 Jamadilthani
	Birth of Abdul Qader Jeelani, celebrated Sufi sage.
1078 .	470H 13 Jamadilthani 471H 23 Jamadilthani
1079 .	471H 24 Jamadilthani 472H 4 Rejab
1080 .	472H 5 Rejab 473H 16 Rejab
1081 .	473H 17 Rejab 474H 27 Rejab
1082 .	474H 28 Rejab 475H 8 Syaban
1083 .	475H 9 Syaban 476H 19 Syaban
1084 .	476H 20 Syaban 477H 1 Ramadan
1085 .	477H 2 Ramadan 478H 11 Ramadan
	Alfonso I of Castile captures Toledo, the ancient capital of Visigoth Spain. The extensive libraries of Toledo become accessible to Christian Europe.
1086 .	478H 12 Ramadan 479H 22 Ramadan
	The Murabitun emir, Yusuf bin Tashfin, advances into Spain at the head of a powerful African force.
	The Nizamiya College is founded in Baghdad by Nizam ul Mulk, grand vizier to Sultan Malik Shah.
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1087 .	479H 23 Ramadan 480H 3 Syawal
	Yusuf bin Tashfin defeats Alfonso VI at the Battle of Sagrajas.
	The Crusaders sack Mahdiya in North Africa.
	The assassin terror grows in Iraq and Syria.
1088 .	480H 4 Syawal 481H 14 Syawal
1089 .	481H 15 Syawal 482H 25 Syawal
1090 .	482H 26 Syawal 483H 7 Zulqa'dah
	Al Ghazzali teaches at NizamiyaCollege, Baghdad.
	The Crusaders capture Malta.
	The assassins capture Alamut in northern Syria and establish a training center for fidayees.
1091 .	483H 8 Zulqa'dah 484H 7 Zulqa'dah
	End of Muslim presence in Sicily.
	Smyrna in Anatolia becomes the Seljuk capital.
	Death of Sultan Malik Shah.
	The assassins murder grand vizier Nizam ul Mulk.
1092 .	484H 18 Zulqa'dah 485H 29 Zulqa'dah
1093 .	485H 30 Zulqa'dah 486H 9 Zulhijjah
1094 .	486H 10 Zulhijjah 487H 20 Zulhijjah
	Al Mustansir becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
	Al Mustadi becomes the Fatimid Caliph in Cairo.
1095 .	487H 21 Zulhijjah 489H 1 Muharram
	Pope Urban II declares a Crusade to take Jerusalem.
	Al Afdal, grand vizier of Fatimid Egypt, recaptures Jerusalem from Turkish emir Duqaq of Damascus.
1096 .	489H 2 Muharram 490H 13 Muharram
	The start of the First Crusade.
1097 .	490H 14 Muharram 491H 24 Muharram
	Konya Anatolia becomes the Seljuk capital.
	The Turks retreat before the advancing Crusaders.
	The Fatimids in Egypt start negotiations with the Crusaders to divide up Seljuk territories.
1098 .	491H 25 Muharram 492H 5 Safar
	The Crusaders capture Antioch.
1099 .	492H 6 Safar 493H 16 Safar
	Jerusalem falls to the Crusaders. The Muslims and the Jews are massacred. Baldwin becomes king of Jerusalem.
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1100 .	493H 17 Safar 494H 27 Safar
	Al Ghazzali writes a powerful diatribe, Tahaffuz al Falsafa, against speculative philosophy. In Ihya al Uloom, he accords tasawwuf an honored position in the Islamic sciences.
1101 .	494H 28 Safar 495H 8 Rabiulawwal
1102 .	495H 9 Rabiulawwal 496H 19 Rabiulawwal
1103 .	496H 20 Rabiulawwal 497H 29 Rabiulawwal
1104 .	497H 1 Rabiulthani 498H 11 Rabiulthani
1105 .	498H 12 Rabiulthani 499H 22 Rabiulthani
1106 .	499H 23 Rabiulthani 500H 3 Jamadilawwal
	Death of Yusuf bin Tashfin, emir of the Murabitun.
1107 .	500H 4 Jamadilawwal 501H 14 Jamadilawwal
1108 .	501H 15 Jamadilawwal 502H 26 Jamadilawwal
1109 .	502H 27 Jamadilawwal 503H 7 Jamadilthani
1110 .	503H 8 Jamadilthani 504H 17 Jamadilthani
1111 .	504H 18 Jamadilthani 505H 27 Jamadilthani
	Abu Hamid al Ghazzali dies after transforming the intellectual landscape of the Islamic world.
1112 .	505H 28 Jamadilthani 506H 10 Rejab
1113 .	506H 11 Rejab 507H 20 Rejab
	Maudud, a Seljuk officer from Mosul, defeats King Baldwin of Jerusalem.
1114 .	507H 21 Rejab 508H 1 Syaban
1115 .	508H 2 Syaban 509H 12 Syaban
1116 .	509H 13 Syaban 510H 24 Syaban
1117 .	510H 25 Syaban 511H 5 Ramadan
1118 .	511H 6 Ramadan 512H 16 Ramadan
	Al Mustarshid, Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
1119 .	512H 17 Ramadan 513H 26 Ramadan
1120 .	513H 27 Ramadan 514H 8 Syawal
1121 .	514H 9 Syawal 515H 19 Syawal
1122 .	515H 20 Syawal 516H 30 Syawal
1123 .	516H 1 Zulqa'dah 517H 11 Zulqa'dah
	Death of Omar al Khayyam, mathematician, mystic.
1124 .	517H 12 Zulqa'dah 518H 23 Zulqa'dah
	Death of Hassan al Sabbah, leader of the Assassins.
1125 .	518H 24 Zulqa'dah 519H 4 Zulhijjah
1126 .	519H 5 Zulhijjah 520H 15 Zulhijjah
	Archbishop Raymond establishes a school in Toledo to translate Arabic books into Latin.
1127 .	520H 16 Zulhijjah 521H 25 Zulhijjah
	The Assassins murder Turkish officer Maudud.
1128 .	521H 26 Zulhijjah 523H 7 Muharram
1129 .	523H 8 Muharram 524H 17 Muharram
1130 .	524H 18 Muharram 525H 28 Muharram
	Death of ibn Tumart, leader of the Al Muhaddithin.
1131 .	525H 29 Muharram 526H 9 Safar
1132 .	526H 10 Safar 527H 21 Safar
	Roger II of Sicily invites Muslim scholars to work at his court.
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1133 .	527H 22 Safar 528H 2 Rabiulawwal
1134 .	528H 3 Rabiulawwal 529H 13 Rabiulawwal
1135 .	529H 14 Rabiulawwal 530H 24 Rabiulawwal
1136 .	530H 25 Rabiulawwal 531H 6 Rabiulthani
1137 .	531H 7 Rabiulthani 532H 16 Rabiulthani
1138 .	532H 17 Rabiulthani 533H 26 Rabiulthani
1139 .	533H 27 Rabiulthani 534H 7 Jamadilawwal
	Birth of Khwaja Moeenuddin Chishti, Sufi sage.
1140 .	534H 8 Jamadilawwal 535H 19 Jamadilawwal
1141 .	535H 20 Jamadilawwal 536H 30 Jamadilawwal
	The Kara Kitai Turkomans defeat the Seljuks at Amu Darya.
1142 .	536H 1 Jamadilthani 537H 11 Jamadilthani
1143 .	537H 12 Jamadilthani 538H 22 Jamadilthani
1144 .	538H 23 Jamadilthani 539H 4 Rejab
	The Seljuks, under Zengi, recapture Edessa.
	Pope Eugene declares the Second Crusade.
1145 .	539H 5 Rejab 540H 15 Rejab
	The Second Crusade collapses in Anatolia but succeeds in capturing Lisbon in Portugal.
	End of the Murabitun rule in Andalus.
1146 .	540H 16 Rejab 541H 25 Rejab
	The al Muhaddithin captures Morocco.
	The assassins murder Seljuk Emir Zengi.
1147 .	541 26 Rejab 542H 6 Syaban
1148 .	542H 7 Syaban 543H 17 Syaban
1149 .	543H 18 Syaban 544H 28 Syaban
	Al Zafir becomes the Fatimid Caliph.
1150 .	544H 29 Syaban 545H 9 Ramadan
	The University of Paris is established.
1151 .	545H 10 Ramadan 546H 20 Ramadan
	Al Idrisi constructs a map of the then known world.
1152 .	546H 21 Ramadan 547H 3 Syawal
1153 .	547H 4 Syawal 548H 13 Syawal
1154 .	548H 14 Syawal 549H 24 Syawal
	The Kurdish officer Nuruddin, in Seljuk service, takes Damascus.
	Al Faiz becomes the Fatimid Caliph in Cairo.
1155 .	549H 25 Syawal 550H 5 Zulqa'dah
1156 .	550H 6 Zulqa'dah 551H 16 Zulqa'dah
1157 .	551H 17 Zulqa'dah 552H 27 Zulqa'dah
	The al Muhaddithin captures Andalus.
1158 .	552H 28 Zulqa'dah 553H 8 Zulhijjah
1159 .	553H 9 Zulhijjah 554H 19 Zulhijjah
1160 .	554H 20 Zulhijjah 556H 1 Muharram
	Al Mustanjid becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
	Al Adid, the last of the Fatimids, becomes the Caliph in Cairo.
1161 .	556H 2 Muharram 557H 12 Muharram
1162 .	557H 13 Muharram 558H 22 Muharram
1163 .	558H 23 Muharram 559H 3 Safar
	The Seljuks and the Crusaders compete for influence in Fatimid Egypt.
1164 .	559H 4 Safar 560H 15 Safar
1165 .	560H 16 Safar 561H 25 Safar
1166 .	561H 26 Safar 562H 6 Rabiulawwal
	Death of Shaykh Abdul Qader Jeelani of Baghdad, called Shaykh ul Mashaiq, founder of the Qadariya Sufi order.
	Death of the geographer, al Idrisi.
1167 .	562H 7 Rabiulawwal 563H 17 Rabiulawwal
	Establishment of Oxford University in England.
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1168 .	563H 18 Rabiulawwal 564H 29 Rabiulawwal
1169 .	564H 30 Rabiulawwal 565H 10 Rabiulthani
1170 .	565H 11 Rabiulthani 566H 21 Rabiulthani
	Salahuddin takes Egypt from the Fatimids.
	Al Mustadi becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
1171 .	566H 22 Rabiulthani 567H 2 Jamadilawwal
	End of the Fatimid era. Egypt reverts to the Abbasid Caliphate.
1172 .	567H 3 Jamadilawwal 568H 13 Jamadilawwal
1173 .	568H 14 Jamadilawwal 569H 24 Jamadilawwal
	Ghiasuddin Ghori established the kingdom of Ghor in Afghanistan.
1174 .	569H 25 Jamadilawwal 570H 5 Jamadilthani
1175 .	570H 6 Jamadilthani 571H 15 Jamadilthani
	Salahuddin consolidates his hold on Syria and Egypt.
	Death of Ahmed al Rifai, founder of the Rifaiyah Sufi brotherhood.
1176 .	571H 16 Jamadilthani 572H 27 Jamadilthani
1177 .	572H 28 Jamadilthani 573H 9 Rejab
	Muhammed Ghori adds Multan, Uch, Dera Ismail Khan and Sindh to his dominions.
1178 .	573H 10 Rejab 574H 19 Rejab
1179 .	574H 20 Rejab 575H 1 Syaban
	Muhammed Ghori starts campaigns to capture Peshawar and Sialkot.
1180 .	575H 2 Syaban 576H 12 Syaban
1181 .	576H 13 Syaban 577H 22 Syaban
1182 .	577H 23 Syaban 578H 3 Ramadan
	Khwaja Muhammed Ghouse of Sindh introduces the Qadariya order into India and Pakistan.
1183 .	578H 4 Ramadan 579H 14 Ramadan
1184 .	579H 15 Ramadan 580H 25 Ramadan
1185 .	580H 26 Ramadan 581H 6 Syawal
1186 .	581H 7 Syawal 582H 17 Syawal
1187 .	582H 18 Syawal 583H 28 Syawal
	Battle of Hittin. Salahuddin triumphs and recaptures Jerusalem.
	Muhammed Ghori captures Lahore.
1188 .	583H 29 Syawal 584H 11 Zulqa'dah
	Pope Clement III launches the Third Crusade.
1189 .	584H 12 Zulqa'dah 585H 21 Zulqa'dah
	Khwaja Moeenuddin Chisti moves to Ajmer, India and establishes the Chistiya order.
1190 .	585H 22 Zulqa'dah 586H 2 Zulhijjah
	King Richard of England proposes a marriage between his sister and Saifuddin, brother of Salahuddin and for the two together to rule Jerusalem. The proposal is opposed by the Crusaders and is abandoned.
1191 .	586H 3 Zulhijjah 587H 12 Zulhijjah
	Accra surrenders to the Crusaders after a long siege.
	Mohammed Ghori suffers a defeat at the Battle of Tarain and is forced to withdraw towards Kabul.
1192 .	587H 13 Zulhijjah 588H 24 Zulhijjah
	Muhammed Ghori, victorious over the Rajputs, captures Delhi. Prithvi Raj Chauhan, ruler of Ajmer and Delhi is slain.
1193 .	588H 25 Zulhijjah 590H 5 Muharram
	Salahuddin passes away and is buried in Damascus.
1194 .	590H 6 Muharram 591H 16 Muharram
1195 .	591H 17 Muharram 592H 27 Muharram
1196 .	592H 28 Muharram 593H 9 Safar
	The al Muhaddith emir al Mansur defeats the Crusaders at the Battle of Alarcos.
1197 .	593H 10 Safar 594H 20 Safar
1198 .	594H 21 Safar 595H 1 Rabiulawwal
	Death of ibn Rushd, of the great world philosophers.
1199 .	595H 2 Rabiulawwal 596H 11 Rabiulawwal
	Pope Innocent III declares the Fourth Crusade.
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1200 .	596H 12 Rabiulawwal 597H 22 Rabiulawwal
	Islam takes roots in Indonesia.
	Alauddin Muhammed becomes the Shah of Khwarazm.
	The Crusaders capture Valencia.
	Cambridge University is established in England.
1201 .	597H 23 Rabiulawwal 598H 3 Rabiulthani
	The Latin Crusaders sack Zara, a Christian city on the Adriatic.
1202 .	598H 4 Rabiulthani 599H 14 Rabiulthani
	The Delhi Sultanate is established.
1203 .	599H 15 Rabiulthani 600H 25 Rabiulthani
	Death of Nizami, well known Farsi poet.
1204 .	600H 26 Rabiulthani 601H 7 Jamadilawwal
	The Crusaders, led by Dondolo of Venice, sack Constantinople and loot its treasures.
	Johan Shah, ruler of Sumatra, accepts Islam.
1205 .	601H 8 Jamadilawwal 602H 18 Jamadilawwal
	The Turkoman Kara Kitai defeats Mohammed Ghori.
	The Ghorids put down a rebellion in the Punjab.
1206 .	602H 19 Jamadilawwal 603H 29 Jamadilawwal
	Genghiz Khan becomes the supreme ruler of the Mongol tribes.
	The assassins murder Muhammed Ghori.
	The Delhi sultans advance towards Bengal.
1207 .	603H 30 Jamadilawwal 604H 10 Jamadilthani
1208 .	604H 11 Jamadilthani 605H 21 Jamadilthani
1209
1210
1211	: 608 AH
	Altumish ascends the throne of Delhi.
1212	: 609 AH
	The Crusaders defeat the al Muhaddith at the Battle of Las Novas de Tolosa.
1213
1214
1215	: 612 AH
	Genghiz Khan captures northern China; learns the use of gunpowder from the Chinese.
1216
1217
1218	: 615 AH
	The Fifth Crusade is directed against Egypt. The Egyptians open the Nile docks and drown the invaders.
1219	: 616 AH
	Genghiz Khan invades the territories of Shah Muhammed of Khorasan.
1220	: 617 AH
	Genghiz Khan devastates Central Asia.
1221	: 618 AH
	Genghiz Khan destroys Persia and Afghanistan.
	Prince Jalaluddin faces the Khan at the Battle of the Indus.
1222	: 619 AH
	Genghiz Khan returns to Mongolia.
1223	: 620 AH
	Ibn al Athir, celebrated historian, passes away.
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1224
1225
1226
1227	: 624 AH
	Death of Genghiz Khan. The Mongols continue their advance through West Asia and Eastern Europe.
1228	: 625 AH
	The Sixth Crusade, directed at Egypt and led by Emperor Frederick II of Germany fails.
1229
1230	: 627 AH
	Sundiata starts consolidation of the Empire of Mali.
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235	: 632 AH
	Baba Fareed of Lahore becomes heads of the Chistiya order in India.
1236	: 633 AH
	Cordoba, capital of Muslim Spain, falls to the Crusaders.
	Razia rules as Queen of India.
	Death of Khwaja Moeenuddin Chishti of Ajmer, the most celebrated awliya of the subcontinent.
	Al Mustansir becomes the Caliph in Baghdad.
1237
1238
1239

1240	: 637 AH
	Death of ibn al Arabi, renowned Sufi Shaykh.
	Roger Bacon teaches in England.
1241
1242	: 639 AH
	Al Musta’sim becomes the 37^th and the last Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
1243
1244
1245	: 643 AH
	At the Council of Lyons, Christian Europe resolves to seek an alliance with the Mongols against the Muslims. A Franciscan priest, John de Plano Carpini, arrives at the Mongol court to seek military assistance.
1246
1247
1248	: 646 AH
	Seville in Spain falls to the Christians.
	Ibn Ahmar starts the Nasirid dynasty in Granada.
1249	: 647 AH
	The Seventh Crusade, directed at Egypt by the Franks, is beaten back.
1250	: 648 AH
	Shajarat al Durr rules as Queen of Egypt.
1251	: 649 AH
	Hulagu Khan becomes the Mongol lord of Persia and Central Asia.
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256	: 654 AH
	Hulagu Khan destroys the Assassins.
1257	: 655 AH
	Death of Shaykh Saadi, celebrated Farsi poet.
	Nizamuddin Awliya becomes head of the Chishtiya order in Delhi. Islam spreads in India.
1258	: 656 AH
	Hulagu Khan sacks Baghdad. End of the Abbasid Caliphate of Baghdad. The curtain falls on the classic Islamic civilization. Caliph al Musta’sim is killed.
	Death of Ali al Shadhuli, founder of the Shadhuli Sufi order.
1259
1260	: 658 AH
	Kublai Khan ascends the throne of China. Many capable Muslims work at the court of the Great Khan.
	Hulagu Khan storms Aleppo and massacres its inhabitants.
1261	: 659 AH
	The Mamlukes of Egypt install Al Mustansir as the Abbasid Caliph in Cairo.
	The Mamluke, Zahir Baybars of Egypt, defeats a combined army of Mongols, Armenians and Crusaders at the Battle of Ayn Jalut.
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1262
1263
1264
1265	: 663 AH
	Death of Hulagu Khan.
1266
1267
1268
1269	: 667 AH
	The Merinide al Yakub captures Marrakesh.
1270
1271
1272
1273	: 671 AH
	Death of Jalaluddin Rumi, author of Mathnavi, the most celebrated of Farsi poets and founder of the Maulavi Sufi order.
1274	: 672 AH
	Death of al Tusi, astronomer and inventor of the 2-axis gimbal.
	Emir al Yaqub of the Merinides defeats the Christians at the Battle of Ecija.
1275
1276
1277	: 676 AH
	Sultan Baybars defeats the Mongol armies at the Battle of Abulistan.
1278	: 677 AH
	Death of Sultan Baybars.
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289	: 688 AH
	The Mamlukes captures Acre, last Crusader stronghold in Syria.
1290	: 689 AH
	Sultan Malik Shah rules in Sumatra.
1291	: 690 AH
	Death of Shaykh Saadi, well known Farsi poet.
1292
1293
1294	: 693 AH
	Marco Polo returns to Italy from journey to the East.
1295	: 694 AH
	Ghazan the Great, the Il Khan Emperor, accepts Islam.
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1296
1297
1298
1299

1300	: 699 AH
	Alauddin Khilji consolidates his empire over the subcontinent. Malik Kafur advances into southern India.
1301	: 700 AH
	Uthman Ghazi, founder of the Ottoman Empire, consolidates his holdings around Burs and Eskishehir; he defeats the Byzantines at the Battle of Yalakova.
	The Mamlukes triumph over the Il Khans at the Battle of Marj as Suffar.
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307	: 706 AH
	Mansa Musa becomes emperor of Mali.
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316	: 716 AH
	Death of Alauddin Khilji, emperor of India.
1317
1318
1319
1320	: 720 AH
	The Khilji dynasty in India collapses.
	Beginning of the Tughlaq dynasty.
1321
1322
1323
1324	: 724 AH
	Mansa Musa performs his hajj with an entourage of 12000.
1325	: 725 AH
	Death of Nizamuddin Awliya of Delhi.
	Ibn Batuta begins his journey around the world.
	Death of Amir Khusroe ,famed Sufi poet of India
1326	: 726 AH
	Death of Uthman I, founder of the Ottoman Empire. His successor Sultan Orkhan captures Bursa.
	Death of ibn Taymiyah, noted scholar, considered to be the founder of the “salafi” school of thought.
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333	: 733 AH
	Yusuf I becomes emir of Granada, breaks with Castille, forms an alliance with the sultan of Morocco and makes a last attempt to capture Spain from the Christians.
1334	: 734 AH
	Ibn Batuta arrives in Delhi.
	Death of Shaykh Safiuddin Ishaq, after whom the Safavid dynasty of Persia is named.
1335	: 735 AH
	Death of Abu Said, Il Khanid Prince.
1336
1337
1338
1339

1340	: 740 AH
	The Yuan Emperor Toghon Timur of China sends an embassy to the court of Muhammed bin Tughlaq of India.
	The Merinide navy defeats the Spaniards at the Battle of Tarifa.
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1341	: 742 AH
	Death of Sultan ibn Qalawun of Egypt.
1342
1343
1344

1345	: 746 AH
	Ibn Batuta visits Sultan Malik al Zahir of Pasai Indonesia.
1346	: 747 AH
	The Black Plague devastates Europe.
1347
1348
1349
1350

1351	: 752 AH
	Death of Muhammed bin Tughlaq of India. The Tughlaq Empire begins to disintegrate.
1352
1353

1354	: 755 AH
	Ibn Batuta visits the Empire of Mali.
	The Ottomans capture Gallipoli and Ankara.
1355	: 756 AH
	Ibn Batuta returns to Tangier. The Merinide Sultan Abu Inan authorizes the writing of the Rehla of Ibn Batuta.
	The Genoese briefly occupy Tripoli, Libya.
1356
1357	: 758 AH
	The Ottomans capture Erdirne.
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368	: 769 AH
	Timurlane, elected the leader of the Tatars, consolidates his hold on the valley of Farghana in Uzbekistan.
1369	: 770 AH
	Death of ibn Batuta.
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375	: 777 AH
	Dimitrius, Count of Moscow, wins a victory over the Tatar Golden Horde.
1376	: 778 AH
	The Golden Horde burns down Moscow.
1377
1378
1379

1380	: 782 AH
	Timurlane begins his first campaign in Persia.
	Shaykh Awliya Karim al Maqdum introduces Islam into Mindanao, the Philippines.
	Kara Muhammed, leader of the Turkish tribe Kara Kuyunlu, establishes his kingdom near Mosul.
1381	: 783 AH
	The Ottomans capture Bulgaria.
1382
1383
1384
1385	: 787 AH
	The Ottomans capture Thrace.
1386
1387	: 789 AH
	Timurlane invades Russia and destroys the power of the Golden Horde. Russia begins its long march towards political consolidation.
1388
1389	: 791 AH
	Bayazid I becomes the Ottoman sultan, defeats the Serbs at the Battle of Kosova.
	Death of Hafiz, one of the greatest of Farsi poets.
	Death of Bahauddin Naqshband, founder of the Naqshbandi Sufi tareeqa of Bukhara.
1390	: 792 AH
	A combined French and Genoese force attacks Mahdiya, Tunisia.
1391	: 793 AH
	Bayazid I attacks Constantinople.
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1392
1393
1394
1395
1396	: 798 AH
	Bayazid defeats the Crusader armies at the Battle of Nicopolis.
1397
1398	: 800 AH
	Timur sacks Isfahan, Persia.
1399	: 801 AH
	Timur invades India, sacks Delhi, India.
	Castille sacks Tetuan, Morocco.
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1400	: 802 AH
	Bayazid I lays siege to Constantinople.
1401	: 803 AH
	Timur defeats the Mamlukes of Egypt.
	Damascus surrenders to the Tatars.
	Timur sacks Baghdad.
1402	: 804 AH
	Timur defeats Bayazid I at the Battle of Ankara.
	Sulaiman I becomes the Ottoman sultan.
	Sultan Iskander Shah expels the Thais from Malaya.
1403
1404	: 806 AH
	Timur embarks on an expedition to China.
1405	: 807 AH
	Timurlane dies en route to China; his son Shah Rukh succeeds him.
1406	: 809 AH
	Sultan Sikander Shah of Malaysia accepts Islam.
	The great Chinese Admiral Zheng Yi (commonly known as Admiral Ho), a Muslim, sails to Malaya, Indonesia, India, Persia, Yemen, East Africa and the Cape of Good Hope with a fleet of 50 great ships.
	Death of ibn Khaldun, author of Muqaddamah.
1407
1408
1409	: 812 AH
	Shah Rukh, heir to Timurlane, occupies Samarqand.
1410	: 813 AH
	Kara Yusuf establishes the Kara Kuyunlu kingdom around Tabriz, Persia.
	Death of Gaysu Daraz, Sufi shaykh of the Deccan, India.
1411	: 814 AH
	Sultan Iskander Shah of Malaya visits China at the invitation of the Chinese Emperor.
	Prince Mehmet begins the reconsolidation of the Ottoman Empire after the disastrous defeat in the Battle of Ankara.
1412
1413
1414
1415	: 818 AH
	The Portuguese capture Ceuta in Morocco.
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420	: 823 AH
	Shah Rukh consolidates his hold on Persia.
1421	: 824 AH
	Murad II becomes Ottoman Sultan.
1422	: 825 AH
	Murad II lays unsuccessful siege to Constantinople.
1423
1424	: 827 AH
	Death of Sultan Iskander Shah of Malaya.
1425	: 828 AH
	Tangier in Morocco, captured by the Portuguese.
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430	: 833 AH
	The Portuguese acquire the technology to sail against the wind from the Venetians.
1431
1432	: 835 AH
	Portuguese captain Diaz sails around Cape Bajador in West Africa.
1433
1434	: 837 AH
	Death of Shah Rukh. Persia disintegrates. The Kara Kuyunlu and Aq Kuyunlu expand their territories.
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1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440

1441	: 845 AH
	First slave raid by the Portuguese in southern Morocco directed against Muslims.
1442
1443	: 847 AH
	The Portuguese capture the island of Tristao off the coast of West Africa, later to gain notoriety in the Atlantic slave trade.
1444	: 848 AH
	Ottomans armies march into Hungary.
	Murad II defeats combined armies of Hungary, Wallachia and Venice at the Battle of Varna.
	The Portuguese Lagos Company chartered under Prince Henry.
1445	: 849 AH
	Printing is introduced into Europe. Portuguese sailor Diaz sails around West Africa.
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451	: 855 AH
	Mehmet II becomes Ottoman Sultan.
	Shaykh Rahmat converts the Majapahit ruler (Indonesia) Raja Kertawijaya to Islam.
	Islam spreads rapidly in Java.
1452
1453	: 857 AH
	Mehmet II conquerors Constantinople, renames it Istanbul and makes it the capital of the Ottoman Empire.
1454
1455	: 859 AH
	The Venetians sail to the delta of the Gambia River.
1456	: 860 AH
	Mehmet II captures Athens, Greece.
	The Portuguese arrive at the mouth of the Gambia River.
1457
1458	: 862 AH
	The Portuguese occupy the fortress of al Qasr, Morocco.
1459
1460	: 864 AH
	King Alfonso of Portugal authorizes Fernao Gomes to explore the western coast of Africa.
1461	: 865 AH
	Leonardo da Vinci begins his work in Venice.
1462
1463	: 867 AH
	Mehmet II conquers Bosnia. Mosque of Sultan Mehmet II constructed in Istanbul.
1464
1465	: 869 AH
	Death of al Jazuli, Sufi Shaykh in Morocco.
1466
1467	: 871 AH
	Herzegovina conquered by Mehmet II.
	Uzun Hassan, leader of Aq Quyunlu defeats Jehan Shah, leader of the Kara Quyunlu. Jehan Shah dies in battle.
1468
1469
1470
1471	: 876 AH
	Tangiers occupied by Portugal.
	Portugal occupies Arzila on the West coast of Morocco.
1472
1473	: 878 AH
	Ottoman Sultan Mehmet II defeats the Aq Kuyunlu Sultan Uzun Hassan. Portuguese captain Sequira sails to Benin, Nigeria.
1474	: 879 AH
	Commercial town of Kedah, in Indonesia, becomes Muslim.
1475	: 880 AH
	War between Spain and Portugal over rights to the Canary Islands.
1476
1477

1478	: 883 AH
	Kara Quli, a descendant of Jehan Shah, flees to India and establishes the Qutubshahi dynasty near Hyderabad.
	Death of Uzun Hassan, Aq Quyunlu Sultan.
	Turmoil in western Persia.
1479	: 884 AH
	Consolidation of Spain under Ferdinand and Isabella.
1480	: 885 AH
	The Ottomans capture the island of Rhodes.
1481	: 886 AH
	Bayazid II becomes Ottoman Sultan.
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1482	: 887 AH
	Ferdinand of Spain attacks al Hama.
1483	: 888 AH
	Civil wars in Granada.
	Ferdinand captures Malaga, Spain.
1484	: 889 AH
	The Portuguese appear at the delta of the Congo River.
1485
1486
1487	: 892 AH
	Portuguese sailor Diaz rounds the Cape of Good Hope.
1488	: 893 AH
	Malaga, one of the last Nasirid strongholds, falls to Castille.
1489	: 894 AH
	Adil Shah becomes Sultan of Bijapur, India
1490	: 895 AH
	Ferdinand lays siege to Granada, called Santa Fe (Holy Faith).
1491
1492	: 897 AH
	Columbus discovers America.
	Granada falls to the Christians.
	Beginning of the Spanish Inquisition.
	The Jews are expelled from Spain.
	Sultan Bayazid II takes Hungary.
	Lodhi Sultanate established in Delhi.
	Death of Abdur Rahman Jami, well known Farsi poet.
1493	: 898 AH
	Abu Abdallah, commonly known as Boabdil, last emir of Granada, leaves Spain.
	Askiya Muhammed becomes Emperor of Songhay.
1494	: 899 AH
	At the Treaty of Tordesillas arranged by Pope Alexander VI, Portugal and Spain agree to divide up the world for conquest.
1495	: 900 AH
	Shaykh Putah introduces Islam into the Celebes islands and western New Guinea.
1496	: 901 AH
	Vasco da Gama, sails around the Cape of Good Hope and with the help of Muslim navigator Ahmed ibn Majid, discovers route to Malabar, India.
1497	: 902 AH
	Zahiruddin Babur loses Samarqand.
	Askiya Muhammed moves the capital of Songhay to Gao on the Niger River.
1498
1499	: 904 AH
	Ottoman navy defeats the Venetians, takes Lepanto, off the coast of Greece.
1500	: 905 AH
	Muslims in Granada resist the Spanish Inquisition.
	Spain institutes forced slavery in Cuba.
1501	: 906 AH
	Shah Ismail I, with the help of the Safaviyya Sufi order, establishes the Safavid dynasty in Persia.
	The Uzbek Shaibani Khan evicts Zahiruddin Babur from Samarqand.
1502	: 907 AH
	Second voyage of Vasco da Gama to the Indian Ocean. The Portuguese bombard the city-states of East Africa, destroy the port city of Cochin, India and force the Raja of Cochin to expel Muslim traders.
	The Portuguese capture Shofala, East Africa.
	Leonardo da Vinci paints the Mona Lisa.
	Inquisition against the Muslims in Spain.
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1503
1504	: 910 AH
	Babur takes Kabul, Afghanistan.
	Death of al Maghili, influential thinker from North Africa.
1505	: 911 AH
	Spain occupies Mars al Kabir, Algeria.
	The Portuguese occupy Agadir Morocco and build the fort of Santa Cruz.
	Portuguese captain Almeida raids Kilwa, Tanzania.
1506
1507	: 913 AH
	The Portuguese occupy Safi, Morocco.
	The Portuguese occupy Bab el Mandap at the entrance to the Red Sea.
1508	: 914 AH
	A Mamluke fleet defeats the Portuguese off the coast of Chaul near modern Karachi.
	Spain occupies Oran, Algeria.
1509	: 915 AH
	The Mamlukes defeat the Portuguese navy off the coast of Yemen.
	Shah Ismail I defeats the Uzbek Shaibani Khan at the Battle of Merv.
	Spain occupies Bogie, Tunisia.
	The first batch of slaves bought in Lisbon for transportation to America.
1510
1511	: 917 AH
	The Portuguese take Goa, India, and make it the capital of their operations in the Indian Ocean.
	The Inquisition is instituted against Hindus and Muslim in India.
	Spain destroys Tripoli, Libya.
	The Ottomans crush a Qazilbash uprising in eastern Anatolia at the Battle of Sivas.
1512	: 918 AH
	Selim I becomes Ottoman Sultan.
	The Portuguese capture the Straits of Malacca.
	Tlemcen in North Africa becomes a protectorate of Spain.
	The Uzbeks defeat the Safavids at the Battle of Khuzduvan and take Khorasan.
1513
1514	: 920 AH
	Ottoman Sultan Selim I defeats Shah Ismail I at the Battle of Chaldiran.
1515	: 921 AH
	The Portuguese capture the Straits of Hormuz in Persia.
	The Portuguese control the entire Atlantic coastline of Morocco.
	First shipload of sugar from Cuba arrives in Spain.
1516	: 922 AH
	The Portuguese occupy Bahrain and Oman.
	The Ottomans capture Mosul.
	Ottoman Sultan Selim I defeats the Mamlukes at the Battle of Marj Dabik in Syria.
1517	: 923 AH
	Selim I occupies Cairo.
	Egypt becomes a province of the Ottoman Empire.
	The Caliphate moves to Istanbul.
	Selim I becomes the first Ottoman Caliph of Islam.
	Muhammed al Mahdi becomes Sa’adid Sultan of Morocco.
	Martin Luther begins Protestant reformation in Germany.
	The Portuguese capture Colombo, Sri Lanka.
	The King of Spain grants license to import African slaves into America.
	Ibrahim Lodhi becomes Sultan of Delhi.
1518
1519	: 925 AH
	Death of Leonardo da Vinci.
	Mexican silver flows into Europe.
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1520	: 926 AH
	Sulaiman the Magnificent becomes Ottoman Sultan.
1521	: 927 AH
	Sulaiman captures Belgrade.
	Cortez destroys the Aztec Empire of Mexico.
1522	: 928 AH
	Sulaiman captures Rhodes. Spain captures Central America.
1523
1524
1525	: 931 AH
	Death of Safavid Shah Ismail I.
	Tahmasp I becomes Safavid ruler of Persia.
	Babur takes Lahore, Pakistan.
	Sulaiman the Magnificent orders a reorganization of the Ottoman fleet to challenge the Spaniards and the Portuguese.
1526	: 932 AH
	Babur captures Delhi; the Moghul dynasty is born. Sulaiman the Magnificent defeats the Hungarians at the Battle of Mohacs.
1527	: 933 AH
	Babur defeats Rajput armies at the Battle of Khanua.
1528	: 934 AH
	Sultan Sulaiman captures the city of Buda in Hungary.
	Askiya Muhammed becomes blind and is deposed as the Emperor of Songhay.
1529	: 935 AH
	Sultan Sulaiman lays siege to Vienna, Austria.
1530	: 936 AH
	Death of Zahiruddin Babur. His son Humayun ascends the Moghul throne in Delhi.
	The Englishman William Hawkins raids the Ivory Coast.
1531
1532
1533
1534	: 940 AH
	Khairuddin, admiral of the Ottoman fleets, recaptures Tunis.
	Henry VIII takes the Church of England out of the orbit of Rome.
1535	: 941 AH
	Sulaiman Pasha, Ottoman governor of Egypt, drives the Portuguese from Yemen.
	The English Parliament passes laws against loitering in London.
	John Calvin preaches the Protestant Reformation in Switzerland.
	Stock Exchange is established in London.
1536	: 943 AH
	Khairuddin raids Valencia, Spain.
1537	: 944 AH
	Khairuddin captures Otranto, Italy and threatens Rome.
1538	: 945 AH
	Khairuddin victorious over combined navies of Venice and the Vatican at the Battle of Prevesa.
1539
1540	: 947 AH
	Spain colonizes the Philippines.
	Destruction of religious relics in England. Beginning of the end of feudalism in England.
	Sher Shah Suri defeats Moghul Emperor Humayun and displaces him from the throne of Delhi until 1555.
1541	: 948 AH
	Charles V of Spain strikes at the Algerian coast.
	Ottoman Admiral Khairuddin takes Otranto, Italy.
	Muhammed al Saadi drives the Portuguese from the fort of Santa Cruz in Morocco.
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1542	: 949 AH
	Increasing tribal warfare in West Africa.
1543
1544
1545
1546	: 953 AH
	Death of Khairuddin. Piri Rais becomes admiral of Ottoman navies.
1547
1548
1549

1550	: 957 AH
	Kingdom of Acheh in Indonesia is founded. Islam spreads in the Archipelago.
1551	: 958 AH
	The Ottomans reclaim Tripoli.
	Piri Rais challenges the Portuguese blockage of the Straits of Hormuz.
1552
1553	: 960 AH
	Thomas Wyndham of England raids the coast of West Africa.
1554	: 961 AH
	John Lock of England raids the Ivory Coast.
1555
1556
1557	: 964 AH
	The Ottomans occupy Masawa, Eritrea.
1558	: 965 AH
	Akbar becomes Moghul Emperor of India.
1559
1560	: 967 AH
	Akbar adds Malwa, Chitoor, Rathambur, Gujrat and Bengal to the Moghul Empire (1560-1574).
	Abul Fazal and Faizi, well known writers, grace the Moghul court.
	Akbar surrounds himself with the “seven gems”; men of outstanding capabilities, including the musician Tan Sen and the Finance Minister Raja Todar Mal.
1561	: 968 AH
	Piri Rais prepares an accurate map of the Atlantic seaboard.
	The Ottomans destroy a Spanish fleet at the Battle of Djerba.
1562	: 969 AH
	Akbar marries Jodha Bai, princess of Amber, Rajasthan.
1563	: 970 AH
	First English fortifications off the coasts of New Guinea.
1564	: 971 AH
	Spain occupies the Philippines.
1565	: 972 AH
	Battle of Telekote, India. The combined forces of Bijapur, Golkunda, Bidar and Gulbarga defeat the armies of Vijayanagar in southern India.
	Piri Rais undertakes unsuccessful siege of Malta.
	Akbar, the Great Moghul, captures Gujrat.
	John Hawkins of England conducts slave raids on Sierra Leone.
	Sulaiman the Magnificent passes away
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1566	: 973 AH
	Muslims in Spain rebel against forced conversion to Catholicism.
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571	: 979 AH
	Battle of Lepanto. Combined navies of Spain, Venice, Austria and the Vatican defeat the Ottoman navy and occupy Tunis. Ottoman naval advance into the western Mediterranean is halted.
1572	: 980 AH
	The Ottomans reclaim Tunis.
	The Dutch gain their independence from Spain.
1573	: 981 AH
	The Moghul Emperor Akbar authorizes the construction of four large temples in Mathura.
1574
1575
1576	: 984 AH
	The Ottomans advance through Algeria and take the city of Fez in Morocco.
1577
1578	: 986 AH
	Battle of Al Qasr al Kabir. The Sa’adid Sultan Ahmed al Mansur crushes the Portuguese army. King Sebastian of Portugal is killed. Morocco remains independent. Ottoman westward advance is halted.
1579	: 987 AH
	Akbar, the Great Moghul, completes the construction of a new city, Fatehpur Sikri. He starts ecumenical discussions with all religious faiths in the Ibadat Khana.
1580	: 988 AH
	Ottoman Admiral Ali Beg raids Portuguese positions in East Africa.
	Skirmishes between the Empire of Songhay and the Sa’adids of Morocco over the salt mines of Taodini.
	Portugal becomes a protectorate of Spain.
1581	: 989 AH
	Akbar, the Great Moghul, moves to Lahore, and adds Kashmir, Sindh, Baluchistan and southern Afghanistan to his empire.
	Akbar completes the construction of a Jami Masjid in Peshawar.
	Queen Elizabeth I sends Harborne as ambassador to Istanbul to seek trade relations with the Ottomans.
1582
1583
1584
1585	: 993 AH
	War between the Safavids and the Ottomans for control of Iraq and Azerbaijan.
1586
1587	: 995 AH
	Pope Sixtus V authorizes a Catholic crusade against England.
	The English defeat the Scots. Consolidation of Britain under the English throne.
1588	: 996 AH
	Shah Abbas becomes Safavid emperor of Persia.
	The Spanish armada is destroyed off the coast of England.
	Death of Sinan, architect of Sulaimaniye and Shehzade mosques in Turkey.
1589
1590	: 998 AH
	William Shakespeare writes in England.
1591	: 999 AH
	The Bohras emerge as a sub-branch of the Fatimids.
1592	: 1000 AH
	The Sa’adids of Morocco invade the Songhay Empire. A strong force under Judar Pasha destroys Timbaktu.
1593
1594
1595
1596	: 1004 AH
	Akbar captures Ahmednagar in the Deccan, India.
1597
1598	: 1006 AH
	A second Spanish attempt to conquer England ends in failure.
1599
1600	: 1008 AH
	Dutch ascendancy in the Atlantic. The Atlantic slave trade gathers momentum.
	The British East India Company is granted a charter by Queen Elizabeth I.
1601
1602	: 1010 AH
	Shah Abbas drives the Portuguese from Bahrain.
	The Dutch East India Company is formed.
1603	: 1012 AH
	Death of Queen Elizabeth I.
1604
1605	: 1014 AH
	Death of Moghul Emperor Akbar.
1606
1607
1608
1609	: 1018 AH
	Final expulsion of Muslims from Spain.
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615	: 1024 AH
	The Dutch capture the Straits of Malacca from the Portuguese.
	Thomas Roe arrives in India as British ambassador to the Moghul court.
	Galileo is tried by the Church for his view that the earth is not the center of the universe.
1616
1617
1618
1619	: 1028 AH
	The Dutch East India Company obtains trading rights on the island of Java.
	Thomas Roe obtains a farman from the Great Moghul Jehangir granting Britain trading rights in India.
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1620	: 1029 AH
	Sufi doctrines spread to East Asia.
	The Pilgrims land at Port Plymouth, Massachusetts.
1621
1622	: 1031 AH
	Shah Abbas I, with the help of the British navy, expels the Portuguese from the Straits of Hormuz. The British obtain trading rights in Persia.
1623	: 1032 AH
	Murad IV becomes Ottoman Sultan.
1624	: 1033 AH
	Death of Shaykh Ahmed Sirhindi, referred to as Mujaddid alf e Thani (Reformer of the Second Millennium). He expounded the doctrine of Wahdat as Shahada.
1625
1626	: 1035 AH
	The Dutch establish themselves in New Amsterdam (New York).
1627	: 1036 AH
	Shah Jehan, Moghul Emperor of India.
1628
1629
1630	: 1039 AH
	Death of German Astronomer Johann Kepler.
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635	: 1045 AH
	Death of Mian Pir of Lahore, teacher of Dara Shikoh, son of Shah Jehan.
	Emperor Shah Jehan expels the Portuguese from Bengal.
1636
1637
1638	: 1048 AH
	Shah Jehan builds a new capital at Delhi. Construction of the Jami Masjid in Delhi.
1639	: 1049 AH
	The British East India Company establishes a factory at Madras.
1640	: 1050 AH
	Armed rivalry between Britain, France and the Dutch for control of the slave trade.
	Portugal gains its independence from Spain.
	The Dutch capture Sri Lanka.
	The British East India Company establishes a factory at Calcutta.
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1641	: 1051 AH
	Sultana Tajul Alam Safiyyiatuddin rules as Queen of Acheh. She is the first of four queens to rule over the northern part of Sumatra.
	The Dutch capture Cochin on the West coast of India.
1642	: 1052 AH
	The Dutch establish a colony at Masulipatam on the East coast of India.
1643	: 1053 AH
	War between Venice and the Ottomans for control of Crete.
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648	: 1058 AH
	Shah Jehan completes the Taj Mahal, the most celebrated monument to love, for his wife Mumtaz Mahal.
	The Portuguese recapture Brazil from the Dutch.
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655	: 1065 AH
	The Kurpulu brothers Mehmet Pasha and Fazil Ahmed revitalize the Ottoman administration (1655-1676).
1656
1657
1658	: 1068 AH
	Aurangzeb becomes the Moghul Emperor.
1659	: 1069 AH
	End of the Sa’adid dynasty in Morocco.
1660	: 1070 AH
	Isaac Newton revolutionizes physics.
1661
1662
1663
1664	: 1074 AH
	The British seize New Amsterdam, rename it New York.
	The Battle of St. Gotthard between the Ottomans and the European “Holy League” ends in a stalemate.
1665
1666	: 1076 AH
	The Qur’an is translated into the Malay language.
1667
1668	: 1079 AH
	King Charles II of England sells Bombay to the East India Company.
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676	: 1087 AH
	Kara Mustafa Pasha becomes grand vizier in Istanbul.
1677	: 1088 AH
	War between Russia and the Ottomans over access to the Black Sea.
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683	: 1094 AH
	The second siege of Vienna ends in failure. The Ottomans lose Hungary.
1684
1685
1686	: 1097 AH
	The Hapsburgs advance through Hungary towards Belgrade.
	The British make an attempt to capture the port of Chittagong in India and are beaten back by Moghul forces.
1687	: 1098 AH
	The Ottomans are defeated at the second Battle of Mohacs.
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694	: 1105 AH
	The Bank of England advances a perpetual loan of 1.2 million pounds to the British Crown in return for the privilege of putting its own notes into circulation.
1695
1696	: 1107 AH
	Peter of Russia captures the strategic fortress of Azov from the Ottomans.
	The Sultan of Oman recaptures Fort Jesus of Mombasa from the Portuguese.
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707	: 1119 AH
	Death of Aurangzeb. The Moghul Empire begins to disintegrate.
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1708	: 1120 AH
	The assassination of Guru Gobind Singh sets off Sikh revolts against Moghul rule in India.
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713	: 1125 AH
	The British displace the Dutch as the most powerful force in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans.
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722	: 1134 AH
	Tahmasp II, last Safavid ruler of Persia ascends the Persian throne.
	Nizam ul Mulk is appointed the Subedar of Hyderabad.
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736	: 1149 AH
	Nadir Shah becomes Emperor of Persia, displaces the Safavid Tahmasp II.
1737
1738

1739	: 1152 AH
	Nadir Shah of Persia invades India, sacks Delhi, and carries off the Peacock Throne.
1740	: 1153 AH
	Shaykh ibn Abdul Wahhab starts his movement in Najd, Arabia.
1741	: 1154 AH
	Ahmed ibn Said becomes Sultan of Oman and Zanzibar and attempts to build a strong navy.
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746	: 1159 AH
	Muhammed ibn Saud establishes the Saudi dynasty near Riyadh.
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754	: 1167 AH
	The French General Dupleix leaves India. France loses the contest for control of Indian trade to the British.
1755
1756	: 1169 AH
	Anglo-French wars in India and America (1756-63). The British are victorious over the French.
1757	: 1170 AH
	The Battle of Plassey. The British gain control of Bengal, India.
1758	: 1171 AH
	The Industrial Revolution in England gains momentum, fueled by the loot from Bengal.
	The Marathas occupy Lahore; oust Timur, son of Nadir Shah of Kabul.
1759
1760
1761	: 1174 AH
	Third Battle of Panipat near Delhi. The Afghans under Ahmed Shah Abdali defeat Maratha armies.
1762	: 1175 AH
	Death of Shah Waliullah of Delhi, leading reformer.
1763	: 1176 AH
	The Treaty of Paris. The French give up their interests in India and America.
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1764	: 1177 AH
	The British starve the Begums of Oudh, India, to surrender their jewels.
	Battle of Buxor. The British defeat the combined armies of Oudh, Bengal and Delhi.
1765	: 1178 AH
	The British wage a brutal campaign against the Afghans of Rohilla in India.
1766
1767	: 1181 AH
	The First Mysore War (1767-68). Tippu Sultan and his father Hyder Ali force the British to sue for peace.
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772	: 1186 AH
	The British Parliament abolishes the slave trade.
1773
1774
1775
1776	: 1190 AH
	The Colonies declare independence in America. The American War of Independence (1776-83) follows.
1777
1778
1779
1780	: 1194 AH
	The Second Mysore War. Tippu Sultan defeats the British at the Battle of Pollipur.
1781	: 1195 AH
	George Washington defeats General Cornwallis at the Battle of Saratoga. Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown, retires to England, is hired by the East India Company, and is sent to battle Tippu Sultan of Mysore.
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786

1787	: 1201 AH
	Death of Shaykh ibn Abdul Wahhab of Arabia.
1788
1789	: 1203 AH
	The Third Mysore War (1789-91). Cornwallis forces Tippu Sultan to cede half of his Territory; takes Tippu’s children as hostage.
	Beginning of the French Revolution.
1790
1791
1792
1793	: 1207 AH
	The British Permanent Settlement Act imposes feudal landlords upon Bengal.
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798	: 1213 AH
	Napoleon lands in Egypt and is victorious at the Battle of the Pyramids.
	The British capture Colombo from the Dutch.
1799	: 1214 AH
	Napoleon corresponds with Tippu Sultan of Mysore and the Sultan of Oman about an invasion of India.
	Tippu Sultan falls at the Battle of Srirangapatam.
	Napoleon is defeated by Nelson at the Battle of Trafalgar and is forced to withdraw from Egypt.
1800
1801	: 1216 AH
	The Wahhabis raid Karbala. Wahhabi movement spreads to Iraq. The Wahhabis raid the Hejaz.
1802
1803	: 1218 AH
	Muhammed Ali becomes the Ottoman governor of Egypt; starts a long series of reforms.
	The Marathas in Poona, India, sue for peace with the British.
	Denmark abolishes the slave trade.
	Emir Abdul Aziz of Najd captures Mecca.
1804
1805	: 1220 AH
	Muhammed Ali becomes the Pasha of Egypt.
1806	: 1221 AH
	British armies enter Delhi.
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1807	: 1222 AH
	Uthman dan Fuduye establishes the Sokoto Caliphate.
	Muhammed Ali Pasha beats back a British attempt to seize Alexandria, Egypt.
1808	: 1223 AH
	The United States abolishes the slave trade.
1809
1810
1811

1812	: 1227 AH
	Muhammed Ali of Egypt recaptures Mecca and Hejaz from the Wahhabis (1812-15).
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817	: 1232 AH
	Death of Uthman dan Fuduye, mujahid in West Africa.
	Muhammed Bello becomes Caliph of the Sokoto Empire.
1818	: 1233 AH
	Holland abolishes the slave trade.
1819
1820
1821	: 1236 AH
	Greek war against the Ottomans.
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827	: 1242 AH
	Naval Battle of Navarino pits European axis against the Ottomans.
	Shaykh Ahmed Lobo establishes the kingdom of Lobo in West Africa.
1828	: 1243 AH
	War between Russia and the Ottomans over control of the Black Sea. Russia advances into Anatolia.
1829
1830	: 1246 AH
	Greece breaks off from the Ottoman Empire.
	France occupies Algiers.
1831
1832
1833
1834	: 1250 AH
	Beginning of Muslim resistance to the Russians in Daghestan, Crimea and the Caucasus.
1835	: 1251 AH
	The Ottomans defeat the French at Malta.
	The British replace Persian with English in the higher courts in India.
1836
1837	: 1253 AH
	Sanusiya Sufi brotherhood is founded in North Africa.
1838	: 1254 AH
	British invasion of Afghanistan ends in failure.
1839	: 1255 AH
	Abdul Mecit I becomes Ottoman Sultan.
	Beginning of Tanzimat reforms in the Ottoman Empire.
1840	: 1256 AH
	France starts colonization of Algeria.
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846	: 1262 AH
	The Bank Act of 1846 in England confers legal recognition on the negotiability of credit documents.
1847
1848	: 1264 AH
	Nasiruddin Shah ascends the throne of Persia.
1849
1850	: 1266 AH
	The Bahai schism starts in Persia.
1851	: 1267 AH
	The British build a railroad linking Alexandria with Suez (1851-54).
1852
1853	: 1269 AH
	The Tijaniya Sufi brotherhood is established in West Africa.
	Beginning of the Crimean War. Britain and France support the Ottomans against Russia.
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1854	: 1270 AH
	Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt grants a concession to French Engineer Ferdinand de Lesseps to build the Suez Canal. Egypt borrows funds from international bankers to complete the canal.
	The Ottomans take their first loan from international bankers.
1855
1856	: 1272 AH
	End of the Crimean war between Russia and the Ottomans.
1857	: 1273 AH
	The Sepoy Uprising in India. After initial successes, the Uprising is crushed by the British. End of Moghul rule. The British exile the last Moghul Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar to Rangoon, Burma.
1858	: 1274 AH
	The Russians capture Imam Shamil, Naqshbandi Imam in Daghestan. End of Muslim resistance in Chechnya and Daghestan.
1859	: 1275 AH
	Death of Muhammed al Sanusi, Reformer, Sufi Shaykh of Libya.
1860	: 1276 AH
	Alhajj Omar resists French colonization in Sene-Gambia.
1861	: 1277 AH
	American Civil War (1861-65). The price of Egyptian cotton soars in world markets.
1862
1863	: 1280 AH
	Abraham Lincoln proclaims the abolition of slavery.
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869	: 1286 AH
	The Suez Canal opens with much fanfare.
	The price of Egyptian cotton drops precipitously. Egyptian public debt mounts.
	Tunisia falters on debt payments to European bankers. The International Debt Commission for Tunisia assumes control over Tunisian finances.
1870
1871	: 1288 AH
	A unified Germany emerges as the most powerful continental power in Europe.
1872
1873	: 1290 AH
	The Dutch capture the Kingdom of Acheh in Sumatra. Beginning of Dutch colonial rule in Indonesia.
1874	: 1291 AH
	Syed Ahmed Khan founds the Aligarh College in India.
1875	: 1292 AH
	Egypt sells off its share in the Suez Canal Company to the British to partially offset its debts.
1876	: 1293 AH
	Abdul Hamid II becomes the Ottoman Sultan and Caliph. He starts consolidation of ties with Muslim peoples worldwide.
	Egypt falters on debt payments. Britain and France appoint a Commission on Egyptian Public Debt with the power to confiscate revenues.
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1877	: 1294 AH
	Russia invades the Ottoman Empire (1877-78). Russian troops advance to within ten miles of Istanbul and dictate capitulation terms to the Turks at the Treaty of San Stefano.
1878	: 1295 AH
	Egypt is forced by Britain and France to accept international control over her finances.
	Treaty of Berlin results in effective dissolution of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans.
	Britain occupies Cyprus.
1879	: 1296 AH
	Britain and France force Khedive Ismail Pasha of Egypt to abdicate in favor of his son Tawfiq Pasha. Sultan Abdul Hamid acquiesces in the abdication.
1880	: 1297 AH
	The French, in violation of the Treaty of Berlin, occupy Tunisia and declare it a “protectorate”.
1881	: 1298 AH
	Egyptian nationalists under Ahmed Torabi Pasha stage protests against foreign control.
1882	: 1299 AH
	The British bombard Alexandria into submission, defeat the Egyptians at the Battle of Tel el Kabir and occupy Cairo.
	The Mahdi seizes Khartoum and establishes a Caliphate in the Sudan.
1883
1884

1885	: 1302 AH
	The British storm Khartoum. Death of al Mahdi of the Sudan.
	An Englishman, Allan Hume, founds the Indian National Congress.
1886
1887
1888	: 1305 AH
	Ghulam Mirza Ahmed starts the Ahmadiya schism in Punjab, India. The movement draws strong opposition from the ulema.
1889
1890
1891	: 1308 AH
	The Tobacco Concession touches off an uproar in Persia. Peaceful boycott of tobacco, under a fatwa from Hajji Mirza Hassan Shirazi, forces the Shah to rescind the Concession.
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896	: 1314 AH
	Nasiruddin Shah of Persia is assassinated.
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901	: 1319 AH
	Abdul Aziz ibn Saud captures Riyadh.
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906	: 1324 AH
	All India Muslim League is founded.
1907	: 1325 AH
	Death of Muzaffaruddin Shah of Persia. His son Muhammed Ali Mirza becomes the Shah. The first Majlis is elected in Persia.
	The Young Turks Movement in Turkey gathers momentum.
1908	: 1326 AH
	Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia-Herzegovina.
	Constitutional revolution in Persia. Muhammed Ali Shah of Persia is deposed. His young son Ahmed Mirza becomes the Shah.
1909	: 1327 AH
	Sultan Abdul Hamid II is deposed by the Young Turks.
	Mehmet V becomes the Sultan.
1910
1911	: 1329 AH
	The Sanusi brotherhood resists the Italian invasion of Libya.
1912	: 1330 AH
	Muhammadiya movement is organized in Indonesia.
	Egypt becomes a British protectorate.
1913	: 1331 AH
	The Balkan war begins. Serbia, Greece and Bulgaria invade Ottoman territories. Albania becomes independent. The Ottomans are forced to withdraw from most of the Balkans.
1914	: 1332 AH
	A Serb in Sarajevo murders Prince Francis Ferdinand of Austria. Austria declares war on Serbia.
	Russia declares war on Austria.
	Germany declares war on Russia.
	France and England declare war on Germany.
	The Triple Entente powers (Britain, France and Russia) declare war on the Ottomans.
	Beginning of World War I.
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1915	: 1333 AH
	The Ottomans contain British advances in Iraq and beat back attempts to capture Baghdad and Istanbul.
1916	: 1334 AH
	The British promise to set up a unified Arab state.
	Sharif Hussain declares himself king of Hejaz, attacks Ottoman garrisons in Arabia.
	Lawrence of Arabia, a British intelligence officer, works with the Arabs.
	The Sykes-Picot agreement divides up the Ottoman territories between England, France, Russia, Greece and Italy.
1917	: 1335 AH
	Anglo Indian troops under Allenby capture Baghdad and Jerusalem.
	The Balfour Declaration promises to set up a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
	The French take Beirut.
	Germany releases the Bolshevik leader Lenin to pressure Russia to drop out of the War.
	The United States enters the War.
	The Russian army begins to collapse on the western front. The October Revolution brings the Bolsheviks to power. Russia pulls out of the War.
1918	: 1336 AH
	Mehmet VI becomes Ottoman Sultan.
	Damascus falls to British Forces.
	Germany and the Ottoman Empire capitulate. End of World War I.
	The Wafd movement starts in Egypt.
1919	: 1337 AH
	The victorious allies partition the Ottoman Empire.
	Greece invades Anatolia.
1920	: 1338 AH
	French mandate over Syria.
	British mandate over Iraq and Palestine.
	The Greeks capture Alashehir, Bahkesir, Bandarma and Bursa.
	The Turks stop the Greeks at the Battle of Ankara.
1921	: 1339 AH
	The British appoint Abdullah, son of Sharif Hussain, as emir of Trans Jordan.
	Faisal, another son of Hussain, is appointed emir of Iraq.
	The Turks are victorious over the Greeks at the Battle of the Sakarya River. Greece retreats from Anatolia.
1922	: 1340 AH
	Abdul Mecit II becomes Ottoman Sultan.
	Mustafa Kemal becomes President of the Republic of Turkey.
1923
1924	: 1342 AH
	The Turkish National Assembly abolishes the Caliphate
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1925
1926
1927	: 1345 AH
	Tablighi Jamaat reform movement founded in India
1928	: 1346 AH
	Ikhwan al-Muslimin (Muslim Brothers) founded in Egypt
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941	: 1360 AH
	Jamaat-i Islami reform movement founded in Lahore, India
1942
1943
1944

1945	: 1364 AH
	Indonesia becomes independent republic
1946
1947	: 1366 AH
	Pakistan founded as an Islamic nation. Islam becomes a minority religion in India
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957	: 1376 AH
	Independent Malayan state established with Islam as the official religion but guaranteed tolerance
1958
1959
1960	: 1379 AH
	Familes from SE Asia and North Africa emigrate to Europe and the Americas
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979	: 1399 AH
	Shah of Iran is overthrown by Ayatullah Ruhullah Khumayni, who establishes strict fundamentalist rule of Shi'a principles
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990	: 1410 AH
	Taliban come to power in Afghanistan
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001	: 1422 AH
	Muslim extremists attack the United States
2002
2003	: 1424 AH
	Saddam Hussien ousted by Western forces
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2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020

http://wheelofnames.com/976-ddw

The Abbasid civil war of 865–866, sometimes known as the Fifth Fitna,^[1] was an armed conflict during the "Anarchy at Samarra" between the rival caliphs al-Musta'in and al-Mu'tazz, fought to determine who would gain control over the Abbasid Caliphate. The war, which lasted for about a year, largely revolved around a prolonged siege of Baghdad and ended with al-Mu'tazz as sole caliph. Al-Musta'in was abandoned by his supporters and forced to abdicate; in spite of a guarantee that his life would be spared, he was executed shortly afterward.

Other Events

251 H : 1/2/865 - 20/1/866 Abbasid Dynasty : 132 to 656 H al-Musta'in 248–252 H

List of Rulers of the Islamic World

Caliphs and Wazirs

Rashidun Dynasty

A.H. 11–40 / A.D. 632–661

Abu Bakr

A.H. 11–13 / A.D. 632–634

'Umar ibn al-Khattab

A.H. 13–23 / A.D. 634–644

'Uthman ibn 'Affan

A.H. 23–35 / A.D. 644–656

'Ali ibn Abi-Talib

A.H. 35–40 / A.D. 656–661

Umayyad

Dynasty

A.H. 41–132 / A.D. 661–750

Mu'awiya I

A.H. 41–60 / A.D. 661–680

Yazid I

A.H. 60–64 / A.D. 680–683

Mu'awiya II

A.H. 64 / A.D. 683–684

Marwan I

A.H. 64–65 / A.D. 684–685

'Abd al-Malik

A.H. 65–86 / A.D. 685–705

al-Walid I

A.H. 86–96 / A.D. 705–715

Sulayman

A.H. 96–99 / A.D. 715–717

'Umar II

A.H. 99–101 / A.D. 717–720

Yazid II

A.H. 101–105 / A.D. 720–724

Hisham

A.H. 105–125 / A.D. 724–743

al-Walid II

A.H. 125–126 / A.D. 743–744

Yazid III

A.H. 126 / A.D. 744

Ibrahim

A.H. 126 / A.D. 744

Marwan II

A.H. 127–132 / A.D. 744–750

Muslim Spain phases:

92 H ( 711 ce ) -- 540 H ( 1145 ce )

1.The Al-Andalus province of the Umayyad Caliphate in Damascus (711–756)

2.The Independent Umayyad Emirate of Cordoba (756–929)

3.The Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba (929–1031)

4.The first Taifas (1031–c. 1091)

5.The Almoravid rule (c. 1091–c. 1145)

'Abbasid

Dynasty (Iraq)

A.H. 132–656 / A.D. 750–1258

al-Saffah

A.H. 132–136 / A.D. 749–754

al-Mansur

A.H. 136–158 / A.D. 754–775

al-Mahdi

A.H. 158–169 / A.D. 775–785

al-Hadi

A.H. 169–170 / A.D. 785–786

Harun al-Rashid

A.H. 170–193 / A.D. 786–809

al-Amin

A.H. 193–198 / A.D. 809–813

al-Ma'mun

A.H. 198–218 / A.D. 813–833

al-Mu'tasim

A.H. 218–227 / A.D. 833–842

al-Wathiq

A.H. 227–232 / A.D. 842–847

al-Mutawakkil

A.H. 232–247 / A.D. 847–861

al-Muntasir

A.H. 247–248 / A.D. 861–862

al-Musta'in

A.H. 248–252 / A.D. 862–866

al-Mu'tazz

A.H. 252–255 / A.D. 866–869

al-Muhtadi

A.H. 255–256 / A.D. 869–870

al-Mu'tamid

A.H. 256–279 / A.D. 870–892

al-Mu'tadid

A.H. 279–289 / A.D. 892–902

al-Muktafi

A.H. 289–295 / A.D. 902–908

al-Muqtadir

A.H. 295–320 / A.D. 908–932

al-Qahir

A.H. 320–322 / A.D. 932–934

al-Radi

A.H. 322–329 / A.D. 934–940

al-Muttaqi

A.H. 329–333 / A.D. 940–944

al-Mustakfi

A.H. 333–334 / A.D. 944–946

al-Muti'

A.H. 334–363 / A.D. 946–974

al-Ta'i'

A.H. 363–381 / A.D. 974–991

al-Qadir

A.H. 381–422 / A.D. 991–1031

al-Qa'im

A.H. 422–467 / A.D. 1031–1075

al-Muqtadi

A.H. 467–487 / A.D. 1075–1094

al-Mustazhir

A.H. 487–512 / A.D. 1094–1118

al-Mustarshid

A.H. 512–529 / A.D. 1118–1135

al-Rashid

A.H. 529–530 / A.D. 1135–1136

al-Muqtafi

A.H. 530–555 / A.D. 1136–1160

al-Mustanjid

A.H. 555–566 / A.D. 1160–1170

al-Mustadi'

A.H. 566–575 / A.D. 1170–1180

al-Nasir

A.H. 575–622 / A.D. 1180–1225

al-Zahir

A.H. 622–623 / A.D. 1225–1226

al-Mustansir

A.H. 623–640 / A.D. 1226–1242

al-Musta'sim

A.H. 640–656 / A.D. 1242–1258

Barmakid Dynasty

ca. A.H. 165–221 / A.D. 781–835

Barmak

Khalid

d. A.H. 165 / A.D. 781

Yahya

d. A.H. 190 / A.D. 805

Ja'far

d. A.H. 187 / A.D. 803

al-Fadl

d. A.H. 193 / A.D. 808

Musa

d. A.H. 221 / A.D. 835

'Imran

'Abbasid Dynasty (Egypt)

A.H. 659–923 / A.D. 1261–1517

al-Mustansir

A.H. 659 / A.D. 1261

al-Hakim I

A.H. 660–701 / A.D. 1261–1302

al-Mustakfi I

A.H. 701–740 / A.D. 1302–1340

al-Wathiq I

A.H. 740–741 / A.D. 1340–1341

al-Hakim II

A.H. 741–753 / A.D. 1341–1352

al-Mu'tadid I

A.H. 753–763 / A.D. 1352–1362

al-Mutawakkil I (1st reign)

A.H. 763–779 / A.D. 1362–1377

al-Mu'tasim (1st reign)

A.H. 779 / A.D. 1377

al-Mutawakkil I (2nd reign)

A.H. 779–785 / A.D. 1377–1383

al-Wathiq II

A.H. 785–788 / A.D. 1383–1385

al-Mu'tasim (2nd reign)

A.H. 788–791 / A.D. 1385–1389

al-Mutawakkil I (3rd reign)

A.H. 791–808 / A.D. 1389–1406

al-Musta'in

A.H. 808–816 / A.D. 1406–1414

al-Mu'tadid II

A.H. 816–845 / A.D. 1414–1441

al-Mustakfi II

A.H. 845–855 / A.D. 1441–1451

al-Qa'im

A.H. 855–859 / A.D. 1451–1455

al-Mustanjid

A.H. 859–884 / A.D. 1455–1479

al-Mutawakkil II

A.H. 884–903 / A.D. 1479–1497

al-Mustamsik (1st reign)

A.H. 903–914 / A.D. 1497–1508

al-Mutawakkil III (1st reign)

A.H. 914–922 / A.D. 1508–1516

al-Mustamsik (2nd reign)

A.H. 922–923 / A.D. 1516–1517

al-Mutawakkil III (3rd reign)

A.H. 923 / A.D. 1517

Selected early Shi'i rulers

A.H. 35–ca. 264 / A.D. 656–ca. 878

'Ali

d. A.H. 40 / A.D. 661

Hasan

d. ca. A.H. 49 / A.D. 669

Husayn

d. A.H. 61 / A.D. 680

'Ali Zayn al-'Abidin

d. A.H. 94 / A.D. 712

Muhammad al-Baqir

d. A.H. 113 / A.D. 731

Ja'far al-Sadiq

d. A.H. 148 / A.D. 765

Musa al-Kazim

d. A.H. 183 / A.D. 799

'Ali al-Rida

d. A.H. 203 / A.D. 818

Muhammad al-Jawad

d. A.H. 220 / A.D. 835

'Ali al-Hadi

d. A.H. 254 / A.D. 868

Hasan al-'Askari

d. A.H. 260 / A.D. 874

Muhammad al-Mantazar

d. ca. A.H. 264 / A.D. 878

Egypt

Tulunid Dynasty

A.H. 254–292 / A.D. 868–905

Ahmad ibn Tulun

A.H. 254–270 / A.D. 868–884

Khumarawayh

A.H. 270–282 / A.D. 884–896

Jaysh

A.H. 282–283 / A.D. 896

Harun

A.H. 283–292 / A.D. 896–905

Shayban

A.H. 292 / A.D. 905

Ilkhshidid Dynasty

A.H. 323–358 / A.D. 935–969

Muhammad ibn Tughj

A.H. 323–334 / A.D. 935–946

Unujur

A.H. 334–349 / A.D. 946–960

'Ali

A.H. 349–355 / A.D. 960–966

Kafur

A.H. 355–357 / A.D. 966–968

Ahmad

A.H. 357–358 / A.D. 968–969

Fatimid

Dynasty

A.H. 297–567 / A.D. 909–1171

'Ubaydullah al-Mahdi

A.H. 297–322 / A.D. 909–934

al-Qa'im

A.H. 322–334 / A.D. 934–946

al-Mansur

A.H. 334–341 / A.D. 946–953

al-Mu'izz

A.H. 341–365 / A.D. 953–975

al-'Aziz

A.H. 365–386 / A.D. 975–996

al-Hakim

A.H. 386–411 / A.D. 996–1021

al-Zahir

A.H. 411–427 / A.D. 1021–1036

al-Mustansir

A.H. 427–487 / A.D. 1036–1094

al-Musta'li

A.H. 487–495 / A.D. 1094–1101

al-Amir

A.H. 495–524 / A.D. 1101–1130

[interregnum]

A.H. 524–525 / A.D. 1130–1131

al-Hafiz

A.H. 525–544 / A.D. 1131–1149

al-Zafir

A.H. 544–549 / A.D. 1149–1154

al-Fa'iz

A.H. 549–555 / A.D. 1154–1160

al-'Adid

A.H. 555–567 / A.D. 1160–1171

Ayyubid

Dynasty (Egypt)

A.H. 564–650 / A.D. 1169–1252

Salah al-Din (Saladin)

A.H. 564–589 / A.D. 1169–1193

al-'Aziz

A.H. 589–595 / A.D. 1193–1198

al-Mansur

A.H. 595–596 / A.D. 1198–1200

al-'Adil I

A.H. 596–615 / A.D. 1200–1218

al-Kamil

A.H. 615–635 / A.D. 1218–1238

al-'Adil II

A.H. 635–637 / A.D. 1238–1240

al-Salih Ayyub

A.H. 637–647 / A.D. 1240–1249

Turan Shah

A.H. 647–648 / A.D. 1249–1250

al-Ashraf II

A.H. 648–650 / A.D. 1250–1252

Ayyubid

Dynasty (Damascus)

A.H. 582–658 / A.D. 1186–1260

al-Afdal

A.H. 582–92 / A.D. 1186–1196

al-'Adil I

A.H. 592–615 / A.D. 1196–1218

al-Mu'azzam

A.H. 615–24 / A.D. 1218–1227

al-Nasir Salah al-Din Da'ud

A.H. 624–26 / A.D. 1227–1229

al-Ashraf

A.H. 626–34 / A.D. 1229–1237

al-Salih Isma'il (1st reign)

A.H. 634–35 / A.D. 1237–1238

al-Kamil

A.H. 635 / A.D. 1238

al-'Adil II

A.H. 635–36 / A.D. 1238–1239

al-Salih Isma'il Najm al-Din Ayyub (1st reign)

A.H. 636–37 / A.D. 1239

al-Salih Isma'il (2nd reign)

A.H. 637–43 / A.D. 1239–1245

al-Salih Najm al-Din Ayyub (2nd reign)

A.H. 643–47 / A.D. 1245–1249

al-Mu'azzam Turan Shah

A.H. 647–48 / A.D. 1249–1250

al-Nasir Salah al-Din II

A.H. 648–58 / A.D. 1250–1260

Ayyubid

Dynasty (Aleppo)

A.H. 579–658 / A.D. 1183–1260

al-'Adil I

A.H. 579–582 / A.D. 1183–1186

al-Zahir Ghiyath al-Din

A.H. 582–613 / A.D. 1186–1216

al-'Aziz Ghiyath al-Din

A.H. 613–634 / A.D. 1216–1237

al-Nasir Salah al-Din II

A.H. 634–658 / A.D. 1237–1260

Ayyubid Dynasty (Mayyafariqin, Sinjar)

A.H. 581–658 / A.D. 1185–1260

Ayyubid Dynasty (Ba'lbakk)

A.H. 568–658 / A.D. 1172–1260

Ayyubid Dynasty (Hama)

A.H. 574–732 / A.D. 1178–1332

Ayyubid Dynasty (Hims)

A.H. 574–661 / A.D. 1178–1272

Ayyubid Dynasty (Yemen)

A.H. 569–626 / A.D. 1174–1229

al-Mu'azzam Shams al-Din Turan Shah

A.H. 569–577 / A.D. 1174–1181

al-'Aziz Zahir al-Din Tughtigin

A.H. 577–593 / A.D. 1181–1197

Mu'izz al-Din Isma'il

A.H. 593–598 / A.D. 1197–1202

al-Nasir Ayyub

A.H. 598–611 / A.D. 1202–1214

al-Muzaffar Sulayman

A.H. 611–612 / A.D. 1214–1215

al-Mas'ud Salah al-Din

A.H. 612–626 / A.D. 1215–1229

Ayyubid Dynasty (Hisn Kayfa and Amid)

A.H. 629–9th c. / A.D. 1232–15th c.

Mamluk

Dynasty (Bahri)

A.H. 648–792 / A.D. 1250–1390

Shajar al-Durr

A.H. 648 / A.D. 1250

Aybak

A.H. 648–655 / A.D. 1250–1257

'Ali

A.H. 655–657 / A.D. 1257–1259

Qutuz

A.H. 657–658 / A.D. 1259–1260

Baybars I

A.H. 658–676 / A.D. 1260–1277

Baraka Khan

A.H. 676–678 / A.D. 1277–1280

Salamish

A.H. 678 / A.D. 1280

Qala'un

A.H. 678–689 / A.D. 1280–1290

Khalil

A.H. 689–693 / A.D. 1290–1294

al-Nasir Muhammad (1st reign)

A.H. 693–694 / A.D. 1294–1295

Kitbugha

A.H. 694–696 / A.D. 1295–1297

Lajin

A.H. 696–698 / A.D. 1297–1299

al-Nasir Muhammad (2nd reign)

A.H. 698–708 / A.D. 1299–1309

Baybars II

A.H. 708–709 / A.D. 1309

al-Nasir Muhammad (3rd reign)

A.H. 709–741 / A.D. 1309–1340

Abu Bakr

A.H. 741–742 / A.D. 1340–1341

Kujuk

A.H. 742–743 / A.D. 1341–1342

Ahmad

A.H. 743 / A.D. 1342

Isma'il

A.H. 743–746 / A.D. 1342–1345

Sha'ban I

A.H. 746–747 / A.D. 1345–1346

Hajji I

A.H. 747–748 / A.D. 1346–1347

al-Nasir al-Hasan (1st reign)

A.H. 748–752 / A.D. 1347–1351

Salih

A.H. 752–755 / A.D. 1351–1354

al-Nasir al-Hasan (2nd reign)

A.H. 755–762 / A.D. 1354–1361

al-Mansur Muhammad

A.H. 762–764 / A.D. 1361–1363

Sha'ban II

A.H. 764–778 / A.D. 1363–1376

al-Mansur 'Ali

A.H. 778–783 / A.D. 1376–1382

al-Salih Hajji II

A.H. 783–784 / A.D. 1382

[Barquq]

[A.H. 784–791 / A.D. 1382–1389]

Hajji II (2nd reign)

A.H. 791 / A.D. 1389

Mamluk

Dynasty (Circassian [Burji])

A.H. 784–922 / A.D. 1382–1517

Barquq (1st reign)

A.H. 784–791 / A.D. 1382–1389

[Hajji I]

[A.H. 791–792 / A.D. 1389–1390]

Barquq (2nd reign)

A.H. 792–801 / A.D. 1390–1399

Faraj (1st reign)

A.H. 801–808 / A.D. 1399–1405

al-Mansur 'Abd al-'Aziz

A.H. 808 / A.D. 1405

Faraj (2nd reign)

A.H. 808–815 / A.D. 1405–1412

al-'Adil al-Musta'in

A.H. 815 / A.D. 1412

al-Mu'ayyad Shaykh

A.H. 815–824 / A.D. 1412–1421

al-Muzaffar Ahmad

A.H. 824 / A.D. 1421

Tatar

A.H. 824 / A.D. 1421

al-Salih Muhammad

A.H. 824–825 / A.D. 1421–1422

Barsbay

A.H. 825–841 / A.D. 1422–1437

Yusuf

A.H. 841–842 / A.D. 1437–1438

al-Zahir Jaqmaq

A.H. 842–857 / A.D. 1438–1453

'Uthman

A.H. 857 / A.D. 1453

Inal

A.H. 857–865 / A.D. 1453–1461

al-Mu'ayyad Ahmad

A.H. 865 / A.D. 1461

Khushqadam

A.H. 865–872 / A.D. 1461–1467

Bilbay

A.H. 872 / A.D. 1467–1468

Timurbugha

A.H. 872 / A.D. 1468

al-Ashraf Qayitbay

A.H. 872–901 / A.D. 1468–1496

al-Nasir Muhammad

A.H. 901–903 / A.D. 1496–1498

Qansuh

A.H. 903–905 / A.D. 1498–1500

Janbalat

A.H. 905–906 / A.D. 1500–1501

al-'Adil Tuman Bay

A.H. 906 / A.D. 1501

Qansuh al-Ghawri

A.H. 906–922 / A.D. 1501–1517

al-Ashraf Tuman Bay

A.H. 922 / A.D. 1517

Muhammad 'Ali Dynasty

A.H. 1220–1372 / A.D. 1805–1953

Muhammad 'Ali

A.H. 1220–1264 / A.D. 1805–1848

Ibrahim

A.H. 1264 / A.D. 1848

'Abbas I

A.H. 1264–1270 / A.D. 1848–1854

Sa'id

A.H. 1270–1280 / A.D. 1854–1863

Isma'il

A.H. 1280–1296 / A.D. 1863–1879

Tawfiq

A.H. 1296–1309 / A.D. 1879–1892

'Abbas II Hilmi

A.H. 1309–1333 / A.D. 1892–1914

Husayn Kamil

A.H. 1333–1335 / A.D. 1914–1917

Ahmad Fu'ad I

A.H. 1335–1355 / A.D. 1917–1936

Faruq

A.H. 1355–1371 / A.D. 1936–1952

Fu'ad II

A.H. 1371–1372 / A.D. 1952–1953

Arabian Peninsula

Ziyadid Dynasty

A.H. 204–409 / A.D. 819–1018

Ya'furid Dynasty

A.H. 247–387 / A.D. 861–997

Qaramita Dynasty

A.H. 281–5th century / A.D. 894–11th century

Zuray'id Dynasty

A.H. 476–569 / A.D. 1083–1173

Najahid Dynasty

A.H. 412–551 / A.D. 1021–1156

Mahdid Dynasty

A.H. 554–569 / A.D. 1159–1173

Sulayhid Dynasty (Yemen)

A.H. 439–532 / A.D. 1047–1138

'Ali ibn Muhammad

A.H. 439–459 / A.D. 1047–1067

al-Mukarram Ahmad

A.H. 459–477 / A.D. 1067–1084

al-Mukarram 'Ali

A.H. 477–484 / A.D. 1084–1091

al-Mansur Saba'

A.H. 484–492 / A.D. 1091–1099

al-Sayyida Arwa

A.H. 492–532 / A.D. 1099–1138

Hamdanid Dynasty (San'a')

A.H. 492–569 / A.D. 1098–1173

Ayyubid Dynasty: see above under Egypt, Ayyubid Dynasty (Yemen)

Rasulid Dynasty (Yemen)

A.H. 626–858 / A.D. 1229–1454

al-Mansur 'Umar I

A.H. 626–647 / A.D. 1229–1250

al-Muzaffar Yusuf I

A.H. 647–694 / A.D. 1250–1295

al-Ashraf 'Umar II

A.H. 694–696 / A.D. 1295–1296

al-Mu'ayyad Da'ud

A.H. 696–721 / A.D. 1296–1322

al-Mujahid 'Ali

A.H. 721–764 / A.D. 1322–1363

al-Afdal al-'Abbas

A.H. 764–778 / A.D. 1363–1377

al-Ashraf Isma'il I

A.H. 778–803 / A.D. 1377–1400

al-Nasir Ahmad

A.H. 803–827 / A.D. 1400–1424

al-Mansur 'Abdullah

A.H. 827–830 / A.D. 1424–1427

al-Ashraf Isma'il II

A.H. 830–831 / A.D. 1427–1428

al-Zahir Yahya

A.H. 831–842 / A.D. 1428–1439

al-Ashraf Isma'il III

A.H. 842–845 / A.D. 1439–1442

al-Muzaffar Yusuf II

A.H. 845 / A.D. 1442

Tahirid Dynasty (Yemen)

A.H. 850–923 / A.D. 1446–1517

Rassid Zaydi Imams

A.H. 246–680 / A.D. 860–1281

Qasimid Zaydi Imams

A.H. 1000–1382 / A.D. 1592–1962

al-Qasim al-Mansur

A.H. 1000–1029 / A.D. 1592–1620

Muhammad al-Mu'ayyad I

A.H. 1029–1054 / A.D. 1620–1644

Isma'il al-Mutawakkil

A.H. 1054–1087 / A.D. 1644–1676

Muhammad al-Mu'ayyad II

A.H. 1087–1092 / A.D. 1676–1681

Muhammad al-Hadi

A.H. 1092–1097 / A.D. 1681–1686

Muhammad al-Mahdi

A.H. 1097–1128 / A.D. 1686–1716

al-Qasim al-Mutawakkil

A.H. 1128–1139 / A.D. 1716–1726

al-Husayn al-Mansur (1st reign)

A.H. 1139 / A.D. 1726

Muhammad al-Hadi al-Majid

A.H. 1139–1140 / A.D. 1726–1728

al-Husayn al-Mansur (2nd reign)

A.H. 1140–1160 / A.D. 1728–1747

al-'Abbas al-Mahdi

A.H. 1160–1190 / A.D. 1747–1776

'Ali al-Mansur (1st reign)

A.H. 1190–1221 / A.D. 1776–1806

Ahmad al-Mahdi

A.H. 1221 / A.D. 1806

'Ali al-Mansur (2nd reign)

al-Qasim al-Mahdi

A.H. 1257–1261 / A.D. 1841–1845

Muhammad Yahya

A.H. 1261–1289 / A.D. 1845–1872

[Ottoman occupation]

[A.H. 1289–1308 / A.D. 1872–1890]

Hamid al-Din Yahya

A.H. 1308–1322 / A.D. 1890–1904

Yahya Mahmud al-Mutawakkil

A.H. 1322–1367 / A.D. 1904–1948

Sayf al-Islam Ahmad

A.H. 1367–1382 / A.D. 1948–1962

Muhammad Badr

A.H. 1382 / A.D. 1962

al-Bu-Sa'id Dynasty

A.H. 1154–present / A.D. 1741–present

Rashidid Dynasty

A.H. 1248–1342 / A.D. 1832–1923

al-Sa'ud Dynasty

A.H. 1159–present / A.D. 1746–present

Muhammad ibn Sa'ud

A.H. 1159–1179 / A.D. 1746–1765

'Abd al-'Aziz I

A.H. 1179–1218 / A.D. 1765–1803

Sa'ud ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz

A.H. 1218–1229 / A.D. 1803–1814

'Abdullah ibn Sa'ud

A.H. 1229–1233 / A.D. 1814–1818

[Ottoman occupation]

[A.H. 1233–1238 / A.D. 1818–1822]

Turki

A.H. 1238–1249 / A.D. 1823–1834

Faysal I (1st reign)

A.H. 1249–1253 / A.D. 1834–1837

Khalid ibn Sa'ud

A.H. 1253–1257 / A.D. 1837–1841

'Abdullah II ibn Thunayyan

A.H. 1257–1259 / A.D. 1841–1843

Faysal I (2nd reign)

A.H. 1259–1282 / A.D. 1843–1865

'Abdullah III ibn Faysal (1st reign)

A.H. 1282–1287 / A.D. 1865–1871

Sa'ud ibn Faysal

A.H. 1287–1291 / A.D. 1871–1874

'Abdullah III ibn Faysal (2nd reign)

A.H. 1291–1305 / A.D. 1874–1887

'Abd al-Rahman ibn Faysal (Rashid gov)

A.H. 1305–1308 / A.D. 1887–1891

Rashidi occupation of Riyadh

A.H. 1308–1319 / A.D. 1891–1902

'Abd al-'Aziz II

A.H. 1319–1373 / A.D. 1902–1953

Sa'ud

A.H. 1373–1384 / A.D. 1953–1964

Faysal II

A.H. 1384–1395 / A.D. 1964–1975

Khalid

A.H. 1395–1402 / A.D. 1975–1982

Fahd

A.H. 1402–present / A.D. 1982–present

Iraq and Syria (before the Seljuqs)

Hamdanid Dynasty (Mosul)

A.H. 317–391 / A.D. 927–1000

Nasir al-Dawla al-Hasan

A.H. 317–358 / A.D. 929–969

'Uddat al-Dawla Abu Taghlib

A.H. 358–379 / A.D. 969–989

Ibrahim / al-Husayn (joint rule)

A.H. 379–391 / A.D. 989–1000

Hamdanid Dynasty (Aleppo)

A.H. 333–394 / A.D. 945–1004

Sayf al-Dawla 'Ali I

A.H. 333–356 / A.D. 945–967

Sa'd al-Dawla Sharif I

A.H. 356–381 / A.D. 967–991

Sa'id al-Dawla Sa'id

A.H. 381–392 / A.D. 991–1002

'Ali II

A.H. 392–394 / A.D. 1002–1004

Sharif II

A.H. 394 / A.D. 1004

Mirdasid Dynasty

A.H. 414–472 / A.D. 1023–1079

'Uqaylid Dynasty

A.H. 380–489 / A.D. 990–1096

Marwanid Dynasty

A.H. 372–478 / A.D. 983–1085

Mazyadid Dynasty

A.H. 350–545 / A.D. 961–1150

Inalid Dynasty

A.H. 490–579 / A.D. 1096–1183

Caucasus (before the Seljuqs)

Sajid Dynasty

A.H. 266–318 / A.D. 879–930

Musafirid Dynasty (or Sallarid Dynasty or Kangarid Dynasty)

A.H. 304–483 / A.D. 916–1090

Rawwadid Dynasty

A.H. 4th century–463 / A.D. 10th century–1071

Sharwan Shahs (First Dynasty)

A.H. 183–381 / A.D. 799–991

Sharwan Shahs (Second Dynasty)

A.H. 418–455 / A.D. 1027–1063

Sharwan Shahs (Fourth Dynasty)

A.H. 1180–1236 / A.D. 1766–1821

Shaddadid Dynasty

A.H. 340–571 / A.D. 951–1174

Dabuyid Dynasty

A.H. 40–142 / A.D. 660–760

Bawandid Dynasty (Ka'usiya line)

A.H. 45–466 / A.D. 665–1074

Bawandid Dynasty (Ispahbadiya line)

A.H. 466–606 / A.D. 1074–1210

Bawandid Dynasty (Kinkhwariya line)

A.H. 635–750 / A.D. 1238–1349

Baduspanid Dynasty

A.H. 40–1006 / A.D. 665–1599

Zaydi 'Alid Dynasty (Tabaristan)

A.H. 250–316 / A.D. 864–928

Iran (before the Seljuqs)

Tahirid Dynasty

A.H. 205–259 / A.D. 821–873

Tahir I ibn al-Husayn

A.H. 205–207 / A.D. 821–822

Talha

A.H. 207–213 / A.D. 822–828

'Abdullah

A.H. 213–230 / A.D. 828–845

Tahir II

A.H. 230–248 / A.D. 845–862

Muhammad

A.H. 248–259 / A.D. 862–873

Samanid Dynasty

A.H. 204–395 / A.D. 819–1005

Ahmad I ibn Asad ibn Saman

A.H. 204–250 / A.D. 819–864

Nasr I ibn Ahmad

A.H. 250–279 / A.D. 864–892

Isma'il I ibn Ahmad

A.H. 279–295 / A.D. 892–907

Ahmad II ibn Isma'il

A.H. 295–301 / A.D. 907–914

al-Amir al-Sa'id Nasr II

A.H. 301–331 / A.D. 914–943

al-Amir al-Hamid Nuh I

A.H. 331–343 / A.D. 943–954

al-Amir al-Mu'ayyad 'Abd al-Malik I

A.H. 343–350 / A.D. 954–961

al-Amir al-Sadid Mansur I

A.H. 350–365 / A.D. 961–976

al-Amir al-Rida Nuh II

A.H. 365–387 / A.D. 976–997

Mansur II

A.H. 387–389 / A.D. 997–999

'Abd al-Malik II

A.H. 389–390 / A.D. 999–1000

Isma'il II al-Muntasir

A.H. 390–395 / A.D. 1000–1005

Saffarid Dynasty

A.H. 253–ca. 900 / A.D. 867–ca. 1495

Ya'qub ibn Layth al-Saffar

A.H. 253–265 / A.D. 867–879

'Amr ibn Layth

A.H. 265–288 / A.D. 879–901

Tahir ibn Muhammad ibn 'Amr

A.H. 288–296 / A.D. 901–908

Layth ibn 'Ali

A.H. 296–298 / A.D. 908–910

Muhammad ibn 'Ali

A.H. 298 / A.D. 910

Buyid Dynasty (Iraq)

A.H. 334–447 / A.D. 945–1055

Mu'izz al-Dawla Ahmad

A.H. 334–356 / A.D. 945–967

'Izz al-Dawla Bakhtiyar

A.H. 356–367 / A.D. 967–978

'Adud al-Dawla Fana-Khusraw

A.H. 367–372 / A.D. 978–982

Samsam al-Dawla Marzuban

A.H. 372–376 / A.D. 983–987

Sharaf al-Dawla Shirzil

A.H. 376–379 / A.D. 987–989

Baha' al-Dawla Firuz

A.H. 379–403 / A.D. 989–1012

Sultan al-Dawla

A.H. 403–412 / A.D. 1012–1021

Musharrif al-Dawla

A.H. 412–416 / A.D. 1021–1025

Jalal al-Dawla Shirzil

A.H. 416–435 / A.D. 1025–1044

'Imad al-Din al-Marzuban

A.H. 435–440 / A.D. 1044–1048

al-Malik al-Rahim Khusraw-Firuz

A.H. 440–447 / A.D. 1048–1055

Buyid Dynasty (Fars and Khuzistan)

A.H. 322–454 / A.D. 934–1062

'Imad al-Dawla 'Ali

A.H. 322–338 / A.D. 934–949

'Adud al-Dawla Fana-Khusraw

A.H. 338–372 / A.D. 949–983

Sharaf al-Dawla Shirzil

A.H. 372–380 / A.D. 983–990

Samsam al-Dawla Marzuban

A.H. 380–388 / A.D. 990–998

Baha' al-Dawla Firuz

A.H. 388–403 / A.D. 998–1012

Sultan al-Dawla

A.H. 403–412 / A.D. 1012–1021

Musharrif al-Dawla Hasan

A.H. 412–415 / A.D. 1021–1024

'Imad al-Din Marzuban

A.H. 415–440 / A.D. 1024–1048

al-Malik al-Rahim Khusraw-Firuz

A.H. 440–447 / A.D. 1048–1055

Fulad-Sutun (Fars only)

A.H. 447–454 / A.D. 1055–1062

Buyid Dynasty (Kirman)

A.H. 324–440 / A.D. 936–1048

Mu'izz al-Dawla Ahmad

A.H. 324–338 / A.D. 936–949

'Adud al-Dawla Fana-Khusraw

A.H. 338–372 / A.D. 949–983

Samsam al-Dawla Marzuban

A.H. 372–388 / A.D. 983–998

Baha' al-Dawla Firuz

A.H. 388–403 / A.D. 998–1012

Qawam al-Dawla

A.H. 403–419 / A.D. 1012–1028

'Imad al-Din Marzuban

A.H. 419–440 / A.D. 1028–1048

Buyid Dynasty (Jibal)

A.H. 320–366 / A.D. 932–977

'Imad al-Dawla 'Ali

A.H. 320–335 / A.D. 932–947

Rukn al-Dawla Hasan

A.H. 335–366 / A.D. 947–977

Buyid Dynasty (Hamadan and Isfahan)

A.H. 366–419 / A.D. 977–1028

Mu'ayyid al-Dawla Buya

A.H. 366–373 / A.D. 977–983

Fakhr al-Dawla 'Ali

A.H. 373–387 / A.D. 983–997

Shams al-Dawla

A.H. 387–412 / A.D. 997–1021

Sama' al-Dawla

A.H. 412–ca. 419 / A.D. 1021–ca. 1028

Buyid Dynasty (Rayy)

A.H. 366–420 / A.D. 977–1029

Fakhr al-Dawla 'Ali

A.H. 366–387 / A.D. 977–997

Majd al-Dawla Rustam

A.H. 387–420 / A.D. 997–1029

Buyid Dynasty ('Uman)

A.H. 363–388 / A.D. 974–998

Dulafid Dynasty

A.H. 210–284 / A.D. 825–898

Banijurid Dynasty

A.H. 233–237 / A.D. 848–948

Qarakhanid Dynasty

A.H. 382–607 / A.D. 992–1222

Khwarazmshah Dynasty (Afrighid Dynasty)

A.H. ?–385 / A.D. ?–995

Khwarazmshah Dynasty (Ma'munid Dynasty)

A.H. 385–408 / A.D. 995–1017

Khwarazmshah Dynasty (Governors)

A.H. 408–425 / A.D. 1017–1034

Khwarazmshah Dynasty (Anushtigin Line)

A.H. 470–624 / A.D. 1077–1231

Anushtigin Gharcha'i

A.H. ca. 470–490 / A.D. ca. 1077–1097

[Turkish governor]

[A.H. 490 / A.D. 1097]

Qutb al-Din Muhammad

A.H. 490–521 / A.D. 1097–1127

'Ala' al-Din Atsiz

A.H. 521–551 / A.D. 1127–1156

Il-Arslan

A.H. 551–567 / A.D. 1156–1172

'Ala' al-Din Tekish

A.H. 567 / A.D. 1172

[rival ruler]

[A.H. 567–589 / A.D. 1172–1193]

'Ala' al-Din Muhammad

A.H. 596–617 / A.D. 1200–1220

Jalal al-Din

A.H. 617–628 / A.D. 1220–1231

Ziyarid Dynasty

A.H. 315–483 / A.D. 927–1090

Hasanwayhid Dynasty

A.H. 348–405 / A.D. 959–1014

Ilyasid Dynasty

A.H. 320–357 / A.D. 932–968

Kakuyid Dynasty

A.H. 398–443 / A.D. 1008–1051

Seljuqs and Atabegs

Great Seljuq Dynasty

A.H. 429–552 / A.D. 1037–1157

Rukn al-Dunya wa-I-Din Toghril I (Tughril)

A.H. 429–455 / A.D. 1038–1063

'Adud al-Dawla Alp-Arslan

A.H. 455–465 / A.D. 1063–1072

Jalal al-Dawla Malik Shah I

A.H. 465–485 / A.D. 1072–1092

Nasir al-Din Mahmud I

A.H. 485–487 / A.D. 1092–1094

Rukn al-Din Berk-yaruq (Barkiyaruq)

A.H. 487–498 / A.D. 1094–1105

Mu'izz al-Din Malik Shah II

A.H. 498 / A.D. 1105

Ghiyath al-Din Muhammad I

A.H. 498–511 / A.D. 1105–1118

Mu'izz al-Din Sanjar

A.H. 511–552 / A.D. 1118–1157

Seljuq Dynasty (Iraq)

A.H. 511–590 / A.D. 1117–1194

Seljuq Dynasty (Syria)

A.H. 471–511 / A.D. 1078–1117

Seljuq Dynasty (Kirman)

A.H. 433–583 / A.D. 1041–1187

Seljuq Dynasty (Rum): see below under Asia Minor

Burid Dynasty

A.H. 497–549 / A.D. 1104–1154

Zangid Dynasty (Mosul)

A.H. 521–619 / A.D. 1127–1222

'Imad al-Din Zangi ibn Aq Sonqur

A.H. 521–541 / A.D. 1127–1146

Sayf al-Din Ghazi I

A.H. 541–544 / A.D. 1146–1149

Qutb al-Din Mawdud

A.H. 544–564 / A.D. 1149–1169

Sayf al-Din Ghazi II

A.H. 564–572 / A.D. 1169–1176

'Izz al-Din Mas'ud I

A.H. 572–589 / A.D. 1176–1193

Nur al-Din Arslan Shah I

A.H. 589–607 / A.D. 1193–1211

'Izz al-Din Mas'ud II

A.H. 607–615 / A.D. 1211–1218

Nur al-Din Arslan Shah II

A.H. 615–616 / A.D. 1218–1219

Nasir al-Din Mahmud

A.H. 616–619 / A.D. 1219–1222

Zangid Dynasty (Aleppo)

A.H. 541–577 / A.D. 1146–1181

Nur al-Din Mahmud ibn Zangi

A.H. 541–569 / A.D. 1146–1174

Nur al-Din Isma'il

A.H. 569–577 / A.D. 1174–1181

Zangid Dynasty (Sinjar)

A.H. 566–617 / A.D. 1170–1220

Zangid Dynasty (Jazira)

A.H. 576–648 / A.D. 1180–1250

Begteginid Dynasty

A.H. 539–630 / A.D. 1145–1233

Artugid Dynasty (Hisn Kayfa line)

A.H. 491–629 / A.D. 1098–1232

Artugid Dynasty (Mardin line)

A.H. 497–811 / A.D. 1104–1408

Suqman Shahs

A.H. 493–604 / A.D. 1100–1207

Eldeguzid Dynasty

A.H. 531–622 / A.D. 1136–1225

Salghurid Dynasty

A.H. 543–668 / A.D. 1148–1270

Fadlawayhid Dynasty

A.H. 448–718 / A.D. 1056–1318

Hazaraspid Dynasty

A.H. 550–827 / A.D. 1155–1424

Qutlugh Khans

A.H. 619–706 / A.D. 1222–1306

Asia Minor and Turkey

Seljuq Dynasty

(Rum)

A.H. 470–707 / A.D. 1077–1307

Sulayman ibn Qutlumush

A.H. 470–479 / A.D. 1077–1086

[interregnum]

[A.H. 479–485 / A.D. 1086–1092]

Qilich Arslan I

A.H. 485–500 / A.D. 1092–1107

Malik Shah

A.H. 500–510 / A.D. 1107–1116

Rukn al-Din Mas'ud I

A.H. 510–551 / A.D. 1116–1156

'Izz al-Din Qilich Arslan II

A.H. 551–588 / A.D. 1156–1192

Ghiyath al-Din Kay Khusraw I (1st reign)

A.H. 588–592 / A.D. 1192–1196

Rukn al-Din Sulayman II

A.H. 592–600 / A.D. 1196–1204

'Izz al-Din Qilich Arslan III

A.H. 600–601 / A.D. 1204

Ghiyath al-Din Kay Khusraw I (2nd reign)

A.H. 601–607 / A.D. 1204–1210

'Izz al-Din Kay Ka'us I

A.H. 607–616 / A.D. 1210–1219

'Ala' al-Din Kay Qubadh I

A.H. 616–634 / A.D. 1219–1237

Ghiyath al-Din Kay Khusraw II

A.H. 634–644 / A.D. 1237–1246

'Izz al-Din Kay Ka'us II

A.H. 644–646 / A.D. 1246–1248

Kay Ka'us II / Rukn al-Din Qilich Arslan IV (joint rule)

A.H. 646–647 / A.D. 1248–1249

Kay Ka'us II / Qilich Arslan IV / 'Ala' al-Din Kay Qubadh II (joint rule)

A.H. 647–655 / A.D. 1249–1257

Qilich Arslan IV

A.H. 655–663 / A.D. 1257–1265

Ghiyath al-Din Kay Khusraw III

A.H. 663–681 / A.D. 1265–1282

Ghiyath al-Din Mas'ud II (1st reign)

A.H. 681–683 / A.D. 1282–1284

'Ala' al-Din Kay Qubadh III (1st reign)

A.H. 683 / A.D. 1284

Ghiyath al-Din Mas'ud II (2nd reign)

A.H. 683–692 / A.D. 1284–1293

'Ala' al-Din Kay Qubadh III (2nd reign)

A.H. 692–693 / A.D. 1293–1294

Ghiyath al-Din Mas'ud II (3rd reign)

A.H. 693–700 / A.D. 1294–1301

'Ala' al-Din Kay Qubadh III (3rd reign)

A.H. 700–702 / A.D. 1301–1303

Ghiyath al-Din Mas'ud II (4th reign)

A.H. 702–704 / A.D. 1303–1305

'Ala' al-Din Kay Qubadh III (4th reign)

A.H. 704–707 / A.D. 1305–1307

Ghiyath al-Din Mas'ud III

A.H. 707 / A.D. 1307

Menqüchekid Dynasty

A.H. 464–ca. 650 / A.D. 1071–1252

Danishmandid Dynasty

A.H. 464–573 / A.D. 1071–1177

Isfendiyarid Dynasty

A.H. 690–866 / A.D. 1291–1461

Saru Khanid Dynasty

A.H. 700–813 / A.D. 1300–1410

Aydinid Dynasty

A.H. 708–829 / A.D. 1308–1425

Germiyandid Dynasty

A.H. 699–832 / A.D. 1300–1429

Hamidid Dynasty

A.H. 700–826 / A.D. 1239–1423

Menteshadid Dynasty

A.H. 700–829 / A.D. 1300–1426

Eretnaid Dynasty

A.H. 736–782 / A.D. 1335–1380

Ramadanid Dynasty

A.H. 780–819 / A.D. 1378–1416

Dhu-I-Qadrid Dynasty

A.H. 738–928 / A.D. 1337–1552

Karamanid Dynasty

A.H. 654–888 / A.D. 1256–1483

Ottoman Dynasty

A.H. 680–1342 / A.D. 1281–1924

Ertugrul

ca. A.H. 679–680 / A.D. 1280–1281

Osman

A.H. 680–724 / A.D. 1281–1324

Orhan

A.H. 724–761 / A.D. 1324–1360

Murad I

A.H. 761–791 / A.D. 1360–1389

Bayezid I

A.H. 791–805 / A.D. 1389–1403

[interregnum]

[A.H. 805–816 / A.D. 1403–1413]

Mehmet I Chelebi

A.H. 816–824 / A.D. 1413–1421

Murad II (1st reign)

A.H. 824–848 / A.D. 1421–1444

Mehmet II Fatih (1st reign)

A.H. 848–850 / A.D. 1444–1446

Murad II (2nd reign)

A.H. 850–855 / A.D. 1446–1451

Mehmet II Fatih (2nd reign)

A.H. 855–886 / A.D. 1451–1481

Bayezid II

A.H. 886–918 / A.D. 1481–1512

Selim I Yavuz

A.H. 918–926 / A.D. 1512–1520

Süleyman I Kanuni

(

18.70.8

)

A.H. 926–974 / A.D. 1520–1566

Selim II

A.H. 974–982 / A.D. 1566–1574

Murad III

A.H. 982–1003 / A.D. 1575–1595

Mehmet III

A.H. 1003–1012 / A.D. 1595–1603

Ahmed I (

44.30

)

A.H. 1012–1026 / A.D. 1603–1617

Mustafa I (1st reign)

A.H. 1026–1027 / A.D. 1617–1618

Osman II

A.H. 1027–1031 / A.D. 1618–1622

Mustafa I (2nd reign)

A.H. 1031–1032 / A.D. 1622–1623

Murad IV

A.H. 1032–1049 / A.D. 1623–1640

Ibrahim

A.H. 1049–1058 / A.D. 1640–1648

Mehmet IV

A.H. 1058–1099 / A.D. 1648–1687

Süleyman II

A.H. 1099–1102 / A.D. 1687–1691

Ahmed II

A.H. 1102–1106 / A.D. 1691–1695

Mustafa II

A.H. 1106–1115 / A.D. 1695–1703

Ahmed III

A.H. 1115–1143 / A.D. 1703–1730

Mahmud I

A.H. 1143–1168 / A.D. 1730–1754

Osman III

A.H. 1168–1171 / A.D. 1754–1757

Mustafa III

A.H. 1171–1187 / A.D. 1757–1774

'Abdülhamid I

A.H. 1187–1203 / A.D. 1774–1789

Selim III

A.H. 1203–1222 / A.D. 1789–1807

Mustafa IV

A.H. 1222–1223 / A.D. 1807–1808

Mahmud II

A.H. 1223–1255 / A.D. 1808–1839

'Abdülmecid I

A.H. 1255–1277 / A.D. 1839–1861

'Abdüleziz

A.H. 1277–1293 / A.D. 1861–1876

Murad V

A.H. 1293 / A.D. 1876

'Abdülhamid II

A.H. 1293–1327 / A.D. 1876–1909

Mehmet V Reshad

A.H. 1327–1336 / A.D. 1909–1918

Mehmet VI

A.H. 1336–1341 / A.D. 1918–1922

'Abdülmecid II (caliph only)

A.H. 1341–1342 / A.D. 1922–1924

Kšprülü Wazirs

A.H. 1066–1122 / A.D. 1656–1710

Mehmet Pasha

A.H. 1066–1072 / A.D. 1656–1661

Fazil Ahmed Pasha

A.H. 1072–1087 / A.D. 1661–1676

Kara Mustafa Pasha (by marriage)

A.H. 1087–1095 / A.D. 1676–1683

Fazil Mustafa Pasha

A.H. 1101–1102 / A.D. 1689–1691

Hüseyin Pasha

A.H. 1109–1114 / A.D. 1697–1702

Nu'man Pasha

A.H. 1122 / A.D. 1710

Mongols

Great Mongols

A.H. 603–1043 / A.D. 1206–1634

Ilkhanid Dynasty

A.H. 654–754 / A.D. 1256–1353

Hülegü

A.H. 654–663 / A.D. 1256–1265

Abaqa

A.H. 663–680 / A.D. 1265–1282

Ahmad Tegüder

A.H. 680–683 / A.D. 1282–1284

Arghun

A.H. 683–690 / A.D. 1284–1291

Gaykhatu

A.H. 690–694 / A.D. 1291–1295

Baydu

A.H. 694 / A.D. 1295

Mahmud Ghazan

A.H. 694–703 / A.D. 1295–1304

Muhammad Khudabanda Öljeytü (Uljaytu)

A.H. 703–716 / A.D. 1304–1317

Abu Sa'id

A.H. 716–736 / A.D. 1317–1335

Arpa

A.H. 736–737 / A.D. 1335–1336

Musa

A.H. 737 / A.D. 1336

[rival khans]

A.H. 736–754 / A.D. 1336–1353

Golden Horde

A.H. 621–760 / A.D. 1224–1359

White Horde

A.H. 623–831 / A.D. 1226–1428

Chaghatayid Dynasty

A.H. 624–771 / A.D. 1227–1370

Khans of Kazan

A.H. 841–959 / A.D. 1438–1552

Khans of Kasimof

A.H. 854–1089 / A.D. 1450–1678

Khans of Crimea

A.H. 823–1197 / A.D. 1420–1783

Iran (after the Mongols)

Jalayirid Dynasty

A.H. 736–835 / A.D. 1336–1432

Muzaffarid Dynasty

A.H. 713–795 / A.D. 1314–1393

Injuid Dynasty

A.H. 703–758 / A.D. 1303–1357

Sarbadarid Dynasty

A.H. 758–781 / A.D. 1357–1379

Karts Dynasty

A.H. 643–791 / A.D. 1245–1389

Qara Quyunlu Dynasty

A.H. 782–873 / A.D. 1380–1468

Aq Quyunlu Dynasty

A.H. 780–914 / A.D. 1378–1508

Safavid dynasty

A.H. 907–1145 / A.D. 1501–1732

Isma'il I (

2006.523

)

A.H. 907–930 / A.D. 1501–1524

Tahmasp I

A.H. 930–984 / A.D. 1524–1576

Isma'il II

A.H. 984–985 / A.D. 1576–1578

Muhammad Khudabanda

A.H. 985–996 / A.D. 1578–1588

'Abbas I (

57.506

)

A.H. 996–1038 / A.D. 1587–1629

Safi I

A.H. 1038–1052 / A.D. 1629–1642

'Abbas II

A.H. 1052–1077 / A.D. 1642–1666

Sulayman I (Safi II)

A.H. 1077–1105 / A.D. 1666–1694

Husayn I

A.H. 1105–1135 / A.D. 1694–1722

Tahmasp II

A.H. 1135–1145 / A.D. 1722–1732

'Abbas III

A.H. 1145–1163 / A.D. 1732–1749

Sulayman II

A.H. 1163 / A.D. 1749–1750

Isma'il III

A.H. 1163–1166 / A.D. 1750–1753

Husayn II

A.H. 1166–1200 / A.D. 1753–1786

Muhammad

A.H. 1200 / A.D. 1786

Afsharid Dynasty

A.H. 1148–1210 / A.D. 1736–1795

Nadir Shah (Tahmasp Quli Khan)

A.H. 1148–1160 / A.D. 1736–1747

'Adil Shah ('Ali Quli Khan)

A.H. 1160–1161 / A.D. 1747–1748

Ibrahim

A.H. 1161 / A.D. 1748

Shah Rukh (in Khorasan)

A.H. 1161–1210 / A.D. 1748–1795

Zand Dynasty

A.H. 1163–1209 / A.D. 1750–1794

Muhammad Karim Khan

A.H. 1163–1193 / A.D. 1750–1779

Abu-I-Fath / Muhammad 'Ali (joint rulers)

A.H. 1193 / A.D. 1779

Sadiq (in Shiraz)

A.H. 1193–1195 / A.D. 1779–1781

'Ali Murad (in Isfahan)

A.H. 1193–1199 / A.D. 1779–1785

Ja'far

A.H. 1199–1203 / A.D. 1785–1789

Lutf 'Ali

A.H. 1203–1209 / A.D. 1789–1794

Qajar Dynasty

A.H. 1193–1342 / A.D. 1779–1924

Agha Muhammad

A.H. 1193–1212 / A.D. 1779–1797

Fath 'Ali Shah

A.H. 1212–1250 / A.D. 1797–1834

Muhammad

A.H. 1250–1264 / A.D. 1834–1848

Nasir al-Din (

1977.683.22

)

A.H. 1264–1313 / A.D. 1848–1896

Muzaffar al-Din

A.H. 1313–1324 / A.D. 1896–1907

Muhammad 'Ali

A.H. 1324–1327 / A.D. 1907–1909

Ahmad

A.H. 1327–1342 / A.D. 1909–1924

Transoxiana and Afghanistan

Timurid dynasty

A.H. 771–912 / A.D. 1370–1507

Timur

A.H. 771–807 / A.D. 1370–1405

Khalil

A.H. 807–812 / A.D. 1405–1409

Shah Rukh

A.H. 807–850 / A.D. 1405–1447

Ulugh Beg

A.H. 850–853 / A.D. 1447–1449

'Abd al-Latif

A.H. 853–854 / A.D. 1449–1450

'Abdullah

A.H. 854–855 / A.D. 1450–1451

Abu Sa'id

A.H. 855–873 / A.D. 1451–1469

Ahmad

A.H. 873–899 / A.D. 1469–1494

Mahmud ibn Abi Sa'id

A.H. 899–906 / A.D. 1494–1500

Shaybanid Dynasty

A.H. 905–1007 / A.D. 1500–1598

Janid Dynasty

A.H. 1009–1199 / A.D. 1559–1785

Mangit Dynasty

A.H. 1170–1339 / A.D. 1757–1920

Khans of Khiva

A.H. 921–1290 / A.D. 1515–1872

Ghaznavid Dynasty

A.H. 366–582 / A.D. 977–1186

Nasir al-Dawla Sebüktigin

A.H. 366–387 / A.D. 977–997

Isma'il

A.H. 387–388 / A.D. 997–998

Mahmud

A.H. 388–421 / A.D. 998–1030

Muhammad (1st reign)

A.H. 421 / A.D. 1030–1031

Mas'ud I

A.H. 421–432 / A.D. 1031–1041

Muhammad (2nd reign)

A.H. 432 / A.D. 1041

Shihab al-Dawla Mawdud

A.H. 432–441 / A.D. 1041–1050

Mas'ud II

A.H. 441 / A.D. 1050

'Ali

A.H. 441 / A.D. 1050

'Abd al-Rashid

A.H. 441–444 / A.D. 1050–1053

Qawam al-Dawla Toghril (usurper)

A.H. 444 / A.D. 1053

Farrukhzad

A.H. 444–451 / A.D. 1053–1059

Ibrahim

A.H. 451–492 / A.D. 1059–1099

Mas'ud III

A.H. 492–508 / A.D. 1099–1114

Shirzad

A.H. 508–509 / A.D. 1114–1115

Arslan Shah

A.H. 509–512 / A.D. 1115–1118

Bahram Shah

A.H. 512–547 / A.D. 1118–1152

Khusraw Shah

A.H. 547–555 / A.D. 1152–1160

Khusraw Malik

A.H. 555–582 / A.D. 1160–1186

Ghurid Dynasty

A.H. 390–612 / A.D. 1000–1215

_______________________________________________

Islamic Lineage

xxx

_______________________________________________

Islamic Timeline

xxx

_______________________________________________

Miracle : Quiz
Mukjizat : Kuiz

Translation

إِنَّمَا بُعِثْتُ لِأُتَمِّمَ

صَالِحَ الأَخْلاقِ

Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "I was sent to perfect good character."

حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ أَبِي أُوَيْسٍ قَالَ‏:‏ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَجْلاَنَ، عَنِ الْقَعْقَاعِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ السَّمَّانِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ‏:‏ إِنَّمَا بُعِثْتُ لِأُتَمِّمَ صَالِحَ الأَخْلاقِ‏.‏

Grade

: Sahih (Al-Albani)

صـحـيـح (الألباني)

حكم :

English reference	: Book 14, Hadith 273
Arabic reference	: Book 1, Hadith 273

______________________________________________

More Hadith

10 HADITH MOTIVASI

1. HR Imam Malik dalam Al Muwatta

َ ‏ "‏ تَرَكْتُ فِيكُمْ أَمْرَيْنِ لَنْ تَضِلُّوا مَا تَمَسَّكْتُمْ بِهِمَا كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَسُنَّةَ نَبِيِّهِ

2.HR Abu Daud & Termidhi...Hadith Hasan Sahih

فَعَلَيْكُمْ بِسُنَّتِي وَسُنَّةِ الْخُلَفَاءِ الرَّاشِدِينَ الْمَهْدِيينَ.

3.HR Muslim

‏ “إذا مات الأنسان انقطع عمله إلا من ثلاث‏:‏ صدقة جارية، أو علم ينتفع به، أو ولد صالح يدعو له‏"‏ ‏

4.HR Bukhari

‏ "‏خيركم من تعلم القرآن وعلمه‏"

5.HR Termizi....Hadith Hasan Sahih

‏ "‏يا أيها الناس أفشوا السلام، وأطعموا الطعام، وصلوا الأرحام وصلوا والناس نيام، تدخلوا الجنة بسلام‏"

‏

6.Sunan Ibn Majah.....Grade Hasan (Darussalam)

ـ ثُمَّ قَالَ ‏:‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَىُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَفْضَلُ قَالَ ‏:‏ ‏"‏ أَحْسَنُهُمْ خُلُقًا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَأَىُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَكْيَسُ قَالَ ‏:‏ ‏"‏ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لِلْمَوْتِ ذِكْرًا وَأَحْسَنُهُمْ لِمَا بَعْدَهُ اسْتِعْدَادًا أُولَئِكَ الأَكْيَاسُ ‏"‏ ‏

7.(Hadits Muttafaq ‘alaih)

اَلْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى

8.Related by Ad-Daraqutni.

اَلْإِسْلَامِ يَعْلُو, وَلَا يُعْلَى

9.HR Muslim

صلاة الجماعة أفضل من صلاة الفذ بسبع وعشرين درجة

10.HR Bukhari

بلغوا عني ولو آية

_____________________________________

HUKUM TIDAK BERTEGUR SAPA MELEBIHI 3 HARI

Soalan: Apakah hukum memutuskan silaturrahim?

Jawapan: Dalam hidup, kita mungkin tidak dapat lari dari terjadinya perselisihan atau berkecil hati sesama saudara, sama ada dengan rakan atau sepupu atau pakcik saudara atau lain-lain. Namun setiap perbuatan kita tidak boleh melanggar dari batas-batas dalam Islam. Syarak tidak membenarkan kita memutuskan silaturrahim atau tidak bertegur sapa melebihi dari 3 hari. Para ulamak bersepakat bahawa haram bagi seorang Islam tidak bertegur sapa ke atas saudaranya (sesama Islam) melebihi dari 3 hari, ini berdasarkan nas dari hadis Nabi sollallahu 'alaihi wa sallam. Namun dimaafkan jika kurang daripada 3 hari.

Walaubagaimanapun, ada pengecualian pada beberapa keadaan. Jika bertegur sapa itu akan menyebabkan agamanya terkorban, atau orangnya zholim sehingga beri mudhorat pada diri atau harta benda kita, maka dibenarkan tidak bertegur sapa dengannya melebihi 3 hari. Namun jika sekadar perselisihan biasa yang tidak beri mudhorat seperti yang dinyatakan, maka berbalik pada hukum asal yakni berdosa tidak bertegur sapa melebihi 3 hari.

● Dari Abu Hurairah RA, Nabi sollallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda:

لَا يَحِلُّ لِمُسْلِمٍ أَنْ يَهْجُرَ أَخَاهُ فَوْقَ ثَلَاثٍ، فَمَنْ هَجَرَ فَوْقَ ثَلَاثٍ فَمَاتَ دَخَلَ النَّارَ
[(9092) رواه أبو داود (4914) ، وأحمد]

“Tidak dihalalkan bagi seorang muslim tidak bertegur sapa dengan saudaranya melebihi 3 hari. Maka sesiapa yang memutuskan hubungan dengan saudaranya melebihi 3 hari, lalu dia meninggal maka dia masuk ke neraka.” (Riwayat Abu Daud dan Ahmad)

● Nabi sollallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda:

لا يحل لرجل أن يهجر أخاه فوق ثلاث ليال، يلتقيان فيعرض هذا ويعرض هذا، وخيرهما الذي يبدأ بالسلام
(صحيح البخاري)

"Tidak dihalalkan bagi seorang lelaki tidak bertegur sapa dengan saudaranya melebihi 3 hari, kedua-duanya bertemu tapi seorang berpaling muka dan seorang lagi berpaling muka juga. Dan yang paling baik di antara kedua-duanya adalah yang memulakan mengucap salam." (Riwayat al-Bukhori)

● Nabi sollallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda:

إن أولى الناس بالله، من بدأهم بالسلام
(رواه أبو داود والترمذي)

"Manusia yang paling utama di sisi Allah adalah orang yang memulakan mengucap salam." (Riwayat Abu Daud dan at-Tarmizi)

● Imam an-Nawawi di dalam Syarah Sohih Muslim (16/117) berkata:

باب تحريم الهجر فوق ثلاث بلا عذر شرعي

قال العلماء : تحرم الهجرة بين المسلمين أكثر من ثلاث ليال بالنص وتباح في الثلاث بالمفهوم وإنما عفى عنه في ذلك لأن الآدمي مجبول على الغضب، وسوء الخلق، فسومح بذلك القدر ليرجع ويزول ذلك العارض
(شرح النووي على صحيح مسلم)

"Bab diharamkan tidak bertegur sapa melebihi 3 hari tanpa uzur syar'i:"

"Telah berkata para ulamak : Diharamkan tidak bertegur sapa sesama muslim melebihi 3 hari berdasarkan nas (hadis), namun dibenarkan jika kurang daripada (3 hari) itu. Dan sesungguhnya dimaafkan demikian (jika kurang dari 3 hari) kerana manusia sering terbawa-bawa dengan sifat marah dan berakhlak buruk. Maka dimaafkan dalam kadar (3 hari) tersebut agar hilang rasa permusuhan." [Syarah Sohih Muslim]

● Imam Ibn Hajar al-'Asqolani di dalam Fathul Baari (10/512), menaqalkan perkataan Ibn 'Abdil Bar:

قال "ابن عبد البر": أجمعوا على أنه لا يجوز الهجران فوق ثلاث إلا لمن خاف من مكالمته ما يفسد عليه دينه أو يدخل منه على نفسه أو دنياه مضرة، فإن كان كذلك جاز
(فتح الباری)

Ibn 'Abdil Bar berkata: Ijmak (sepakat ulamak) tentangnya (pengharaman) tidak bertegur sapa melebihi 3 hari, melainkan pada (mereka) yang khuatir jika bertegur sapa dengan seseorang itu akan merosakkan (atau memusnahkan) agamanya sendiri, atau akan membawa keburukan pada dirinya atau beri mudhorat pada hartanya. Maka apabila dengan sebab demikian, ianya dibolehkan (untuk tidak bertegur sapa melebihi 3 hari)." [Fathul Baari]

● Nabi sollallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda:

تُفْتَحُ أَبْوَابُ الْجَنَّةِ يَوْمَ الْإِثْنَيْنِ، وَيَوْمَ الْخَمِيسِ، فَيُغْفَرُ لِكُلِّ عَبْدٍ لَا يُشْرِكُ بِاللهِ شَيْئًا، إِلَّا رَجُلًا كَانَتْ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ أَخِيهِ شَحْنَاءُ، فَيُقَالُ: أَنْظِرُوا هَذَيْنِ حَتَّى يَصْطَلِحَا، أَنْظِرُوا هَذَيْنِ حَتَّى يَصْطَلِحَا، أَنْظِرُوا هَذَيْنِ حَتَّى يَصْطَلِحَا
(الموطأ)

"Pintu-pintu syurga dibuka setiap hari isnin dan khamis. Lalu akan diampun semua hambaNya yang tidak melakukan syirik kepada Allah dengan sesuatu apapun. Namun dikecualikan pada orang yang ada perselisihan dengan saudaranya. Dikatakan padanya: Tundalah amalan dua orang ini sehinggalah kedua-duanya berdamai, tundalah amalan dua orang ini sehingga kedua-duanya berdamai, tundalah amalan dua orang ini sehingga kedua-duanya berdamai." (Riwayat Imam Malik dalam al-Muwattho')

Wallahu a'lam

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Q.333 :160 /365...Q.332 :159 /365...Q.331 : 158/365

Miracle : Quiz
Mukjizat : Kuiz

World Islamic History : 332 H
4/9/943 - 22/8/944 CE

FL : Florida : Tallahassee
USA

Q.332 :159 /365...Q.331 : 158/365...Q.326: 157 /365

Central Asia’s largest mosque expected to open in Dushanbe in August next year

GA : Georgia : Atlanta
USA

World Islamic History : 331 H
15/9/942 - 3/9/943 CE

xx

Miracle : Quiz
Mukjizat : Kuiz

10 HADITH MOTIVASI

1. HR Imam Malik dalam Al Muwatta

َ ‏ "‏ تَرَكْتُ فِيكُمْ أَمْرَيْنِ لَنْ تَضِلُّوا مَا تَمَسَّكْتُمْ بِهِمَا كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَسُنَّةَ نَبِيِّهِ

2.HR Abu Daud & Termidhi...Hadith Hasan Sahih

فَعَلَيْكُمْ بِسُنَّتِي وَسُنَّةِ الْخُلَفَاءِ الرَّاشِدِينَ الْمَهْدِيينَ.

3.HR Muslim

‏ “إذا مات الأنسان انقطع عمله إلا من ثلاث‏:‏ صدقة جارية، أو علم ينتفع به، أو ولد صالح يدعو له‏"‏ ‏

4.HR Bukhari

‏ "‏خيركم من تعلم القرآن وعلمه‏"

5.HR Termizi....Hadith Hasan Sahih

‏ "‏يا أيها الناس أفشوا السلام، وأطعموا الطعام، وصلوا الأرحام وصلوا والناس نيام، تدخلوا الجنة بسلام‏"

‏

6.Sunan Ibn Majah.....Grade Hasan (Darussalam)

7.(Hadits Muttafaq ‘alaih)

اَلْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى

8.Related by Ad-Daraqutni.

اَلْإِسْلَامِ يَعْلُو, وَلَا يُعْلَى

9.HR Muslim

صلاة الجماعة أفضل من صلاة الفذ بسبع وعشرين درجة

10.HR Bukhari

بلغوا عني ولو آية

_____________________________________

HUKUM TIDAK BERTEGUR SAPA MELEBIHI 3 HARI

Reference	: Sahih Muslim 148 a
In-book reference	: Book 1, Hadith 282
USC-MSA web (English) reference	: Book 1, Hadith 273

Q.333 :160 /365...Q.332 :159 /365...Q.331 : 158/365

Miracle : QuizMukjizat : Kuiz

World Islamic History : 332 H4/9/943 - 22/8/944 CE

FL : Florida : TallahasseeUSA

Q.332 :159 /365...Q.331 : 158/365...Q.326: 157 /365

Central Asia’s largest mosque expected to open in Dushanbe in August next year

GA : Georgia : AtlantaUSA

World Islamic History : 331 H15/9/942 - 3/9/943 CE

xx

Miracle : QuizMukjizat : Kuiz

10 HADITH MOTIVASI

1. HR Imam Malik dalam Al Muwatta

َ ‏ "‏ تَرَكْتُ فِيكُمْ أَمْرَيْنِ لَنْ تَضِلُّوا مَا تَمَسَّكْتُمْ بِهِمَا كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَسُنَّةَ نَبِيِّهِ

2.HR Abu Daud & Termidhi...Hadith Hasan Sahih

فَعَلَيْكُمْ بِسُنَّتِي وَسُنَّةِ الْخُلَفَاءِ الرَّاشِدِينَ الْمَهْدِيينَ.

3.HR Muslim

‏ “إذا مات الأنسان انقطع عمله إلا من ثلاث‏:‏ صدقة جارية، أو علم ينتفع به، أو ولد صالح يدعو له‏"‏ ‏

4.HR Bukhari

‏ "‏خيركم من تعلم القرآن وعلمه‏"

5.HR Termizi....Hadith Hasan Sahih

‏ "‏يا أيها الناس أفشوا السلام، وأطعموا الطعام، وصلوا الأرحام وصلوا والناس نيام، تدخلوا الجنة بسلام‏"

‏

6.Sunan Ibn Majah.....Grade Hasan (Darussalam)

7.(Hadits Muttafaq ‘alaih)

اَلْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى

8.Related by Ad-Daraqutni.

اَلْإِسْلَامِ يَعْلُو, وَلَا يُعْلَى

9.HR Muslim

صلاة الجماعة أفضل من صلاة الفذ بسبع وعشرين درجة

10.HR Bukhari

بلغوا عني ولو آية

_____________________________________

HUKUM TIDAK BERTEGUR SAPA MELEBIHI 3 HARI

Prayer Time

Miracle : Quiz
Mukjizat : Kuiz

World Islamic History : 332 H
4/9/943 - 22/8/944 CE

FL : Florida : Tallahassee
USA

GA : Georgia : Atlanta
USA

World Islamic History : 331 H
15/9/942 - 3/9/943 CE

Miracle : Quiz
Mukjizat : Kuiz