How The Maldives Became Muslim

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Basmeih

Ma Jian

Tafsir Muyassar تفسير المیسر : Saheeh International : Basmeih : Ma Jian
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Celik Tafsir
Tafsir Surah Baqarah Ayat 204 – 209 (Munafik)

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A.....ARABIC

Tafsir Muyassar : تفسير المیسر

٢٠٣ وَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ فِي أَيَّامٍ مَعْدُودَاتٍ ۚ فَمَنْ تَعَجَّلَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ فَلَا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ وَمَنْ تَأَخَّرَ فَلَا إِثْمَ عَلَيْهِ ۚ لِمَنِ اتَّقَىٰ ۗ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّكُمْ إِلَيْهِ تُحْشَرُونَ

٢٠٣ واذكروا الله تسبيحًا وتكبيرًا في أيام قلائل، وهي أيام التشريق: الحادي عشر والثاني عشر والثالث عشر من شهر ذي الحجة. فمن أراد التعجل وخرج من "مِنى" قبل غروب شمس اليوم الثاني عشر بعد رمي الجمار فلا ذنب عليه، ومن تأخر بأن بات بـ "مِنى" حتى يرمي الجمار في اليوم الثالث عشر فلا ذنب عليه، لمن اتقى الله في حجه. والتأخر أفضل؛ لأنه تزوُّد في العبادة واقتداء بفعل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم. وخافوا الله- أيها المسلمون- وراقبوه في كل أعمالكم، واعلموا أنكم إليه وحده تُحْشَرون بعد موتكم للحساب والجزاء.

٢٠٤ وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يُعْجِبُكَ قَوْلُهُ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَيُشْهِدُ اللَّهَ عَلَىٰ مَا فِي قَلْبِهِ وَهُوَ أَلَدُّ الْخِصَامِ

٢٠٤ وبعض الناس من المنافقين يعجبك -أيها الرسول- كلامه الفصيح الذي يريد به حظًّا من حظوظ الدنيا لا الآخرة، ويحلف مستشهدًا بالله على ما في قلبه من محبة الإسلام، وفي هذا غاية الجرأة على الله، وهو شديد العداوة والخصومة للإسلام والمسلمين.

٢٠٥ وَإِذَا تَوَلَّىٰ سَعَىٰ فِي الْأَرْضِ لِيُفْسِدَ فِيهَا وَيُهْلِكَ الْحَرْثَ وَالنَّسْلَ ۗ وَاللَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ الْفَسَادَ

٢٠٥ وإذا خرج من عندك أيها الرسول، جَدَّ ونَشِط في الأرض ليفسد فيها، ويتلف زروع الناس، ويقتل ماشيتهم. والله لا يحب الفساد.

٢٠٦ وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُ اتَّقِ اللَّهَ أَخَذَتْهُ الْعِزَّةُ بِالْإِثْمِ ۚ فَحَسْبُهُ جَهَنَّمُ ۚ وَلَبِئْسَ الْمِهَادُ

٢٠٦ وإذا نُصِح ذلك المنافق المفسد، وقيل له: اتق الله واحذر عقابه، وكُفَّ عن الفساد في الأرض، لم يقبل النصيحة، بل يحمله الكبر وحميَّة الجاهلية على مزيد من الآثام، فَحَسْبُه جهنم وكافيته عذابًا، ولبئس الفراش هي.

٢٠٧ وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْرِي نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِ اللَّهِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ رَءُوفٌ بِالْعِبَادِ

٢٠٧ وبعض الناس يبيع نفسه طلبًا لرضا الله عنه، بالجهاد في سبيله، والتزام طاعته. والله رءوف بالعباد، يرحم عباده المؤمنين رحمة واسعة في عاجلهم وآجلهم، فيجازبهم أحسن الجزاء.

٢٠٨ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا ادْخُلُوا فِي السِّلْمِ كَافَّةً وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا خُطُوَاتِ الشَّيْطَانِ ۚ إِنَّهُ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُبِينٌ

٢٠٨ يا أيها الذين آمنوا بالله ربًا وبمحمد نبيًا ورسولا وبالإسلام دينًا، ادخلوا في جميع شرائع الإسلام، عاملين بجميع أحكامه، ولا تتركوا منها شيئًا، ولا تتبعوا طرق الشيطان فيما يدعوكم إليه من المعاصي. إنه لكم عدو ظاهر العداوة فاحذروه.

٢٠٩ فَإِنْ زَلَلْتُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَتْكُمُ الْبَيِّنَاتُ فَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ

٢٠٩ فإن انحرفتم عن طريق الحق، من بعد ما جاءتكم الحجج الواضحة من القرآن والسنة، فاعلموا أن الله عزيز في ملكه لا يفوته شيء، حكيم في أمره ونهيه، يضع كل شيء في موضعه المناسب له.

٢١٠ هَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي ظُلَلٍ مِنَ الْغَمَامِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ وَقُضِيَ الْأَمْرُ ۚ وَإِلَى اللَّهِ تُرْجَعُ الْأُمُورُ

٢١٠ ما ينتظر هؤلاء المعاندون الكافرون بعد قيام الأدلة البينة إلا أن يأتيهم الله عز وجل على الوجه اللائق به سبحانه في ظُلَل من السحاب يوم القيامة؛ ليفصل بينهم بالقضاء العادل، وأن تأتي الملائكة، وحينئذ يقضي الله تعالى فيهم قضاءه. وإليه وحده ترجع أمور الخلائق جميعها.

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Saheeh International

203 And remember Allah during [specific] numbered days. Then whoever hastens [his departure] in two days - there is no sin upon him; and whoever delays [until the third] - there is no sin upon him - for him who fears Allah. And fear Allah and know that unto Him you will be gathered.

204 And of the people is he whose speech pleases you in worldly life, and he calls Allah to witness as to what is in his heart, yet he is the fiercest of opponents.

205 And when he goes away, he strives throughout the land to cause corruption therein and destroy crops and animals. And Allah does not like corruption.

206 And when it is said to him, "Fear Allah," pride in the sin takes hold of him. Sufficient for him is Hellfire, and how wretched is the resting place.

٢٠٧ وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْرِي نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِ اللَّهِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ رَءُوفٌ بِالْعِبَادِ

207 And of the people is he who sells himself, seeking means to the approval of Allah. And Allah is kind to [His] servants.

208 O you who have believed, enter into Islam completely [and perfectly] and do not follow the footsteps of Satan. Indeed, he is to you a clear enemy.

٢٠٩ فَإِنْ زَلَلْتُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَتْكُمُ الْبَيِّنَاتُ فَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ

209 But if you deviate after clear proofs have come to you, then know that Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise.

210 Do they await but that Allah should come to them in covers of clouds and the angels [as well] and the matter is [then] decided? And to Allah [all] matters are returned.

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Basmeih

203 Dan sebutlah kamu akan Allah (dengan takbir semasa mengerjakan Haji) dalam beberapa hari yang tertentu bilangannya. Kemudian sesiapa yang segera (meninggalkan Mina) pada hari yang kedua, maka ia tidaklah berdosa dan sesiapa yang melambatkan (meninggalkan Mina) maka ia juga tidaklah berdosa; (ketiadaan dosa itu ialah) bagi orang yang bertaqwa dan hendaklah kamu bertaqwa kepada Allah dan ketahuilah sesungguhnya kamu akan dihimpunkan kepadanya.

204 Dan di antara manusia ada orang yang tutur katanya mengenai hal kehidupan dunia, menyebabkan engkau tertarik hati (mendengarnya), dan ia (bersumpah dengan mengatakan bahawa) Allah menjadi saksi atas apa yang ada dalam hatinya, padahal ia adalah orang yang amat keras permusuhannya (kepadamu).

205 Kemudian apabila ia pergi (dengan mendapat hajatnya), berusahalah ia di bumi, untuk melakukan bencana padanya, dan membinasakan tanaman-tanaman dan keturunan (binatang ternak dan manusia; sedang Allah tidak suka kepada bencana kerosakan.

206 Dan apabila dikatakan kepadanya: "Bertaqwalah engkau kepada Allah" timbulah kesombongannya dengan (meneruskan) dosa (yang dilakukannya itu). Oleh itu padanlah ia (menerima balasan azab) neraka jahannam dan demi sesungguhnya, (neraka jahannam itu) adalah seburuk-buruk tempat tinggal.

٢٠٧ وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْرِي نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِ اللَّهِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ رَءُوفٌ بِالْعِبَادِ

207 Dan di antara manusia ada yang mengorbankan dirinya kerana mencari keredaan Allah semata-mata; dan Allah pula Amat belas-kasihan akan hamba-hambanya.

208 Wahai orang-orang yang beriman! Masuklah kamu ke dalam Ugama Islam (dengan mematuhi) segala hukum-hukumnya; dan janganlah kamu menurut jejak langkah Syaitan; sesungguhnya Syaitan itu musuh bagi kamu yang terang nyata.

٢٠٩ فَإِنْ زَلَلْتُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَتْكُمُ الْبَيِّنَاتُ فَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ

209 Maka kalau kamu tergelincir (dan jatuh ke dalam kesalahan disebabkan tipu daya Syaitan itu), sesudah datang keterangan-keterangan yang jelas kepada kamu, maka ketahuilah bahawasanya Allah Maha Kuasa, lagi Maha Bijaksana.

210 (Orang-orang yang ingkar itu) tidak menunggu melainkan kedatangan (azab) Allah kepada mereka dalam lindungan-lindungan awan, bersama-sama dengan malaikat (yang menjalankannya), padahal telahpun diputuskan perkara itu (balasan azab yang menimpa mereka); dan kepada Allah jua kembalinya segala urusan.

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Ma Jian

203 你们当在数日内记念真主，在两日内仓猝起程的人，毫无罪过；延迟的人，也无罪过。（抉择的权利），专归敬畏的人。你们当敬畏真主，当知道你们只被集合在他那里。

204 有人谈论今世的生活，他的言论，使你赞叹，他还求真主作证他的存心。其实，他是最强悍的仇敌。

205 他转脸之後，图谋不轨，蹂躏禾稼，伤害牲畜。真主是不喜作恶的。

206 有人对他说：你当敬畏真主，他就因羞愤而犯罪。火狱将使他满足，那卧褥真恶劣。

٢٠٧ وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْرِي نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِ اللَّهِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ رَءُوفٌ بِالْعِبَادِ

207 有人为求真主的喜悦而自愿捐躯。真主是仁爱众仆的。

208 信道的人们啊！你们当全体入在和平教中，不要跟随恶魔的步伐，他确是你们的明敌。

٢٠٩ فَإِنْ زَلَلْتُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَتْكُمُ الْبَيِّنَاتُ فَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ

209 如果你们在明证降临之後背离正道，那末，你们当知道真主是万能的，是至睿的。

210 他们只等待真主在云荫中与众天神同齐降临，事情将被判决。一切事情，只归真主安排。

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3. LEARN ARABIC : OTHER LANGUAGES

Tafsir Muyassar تفسير المیسر : Saheeh International : Basmeih : Ma Jian

204 And of the people is he whose speech pleases you in worldly life, and he calls Allah to witness as to what is in his heart, yet he is the fiercest of opponents.

204 有人谈论今世的生活，他的言论，使你赞叹，他还求真主作证他的存心。其实，他是最强悍的仇敌。

205 And when he goes away, he strives throughout the land to cause corruption therein and destroy crops and animals. And Allah does not like corruption.

205 他转脸之後，图谋不轨，蹂躏禾稼，伤害牲畜。真主是不喜作恶的。

206 And when it is said to him, "Fear Allah," pride in the sin takes hold of him. Sufficient for him is Hellfire, and how wretched is the resting place.

206 有人对他说：你当敬畏真主，他就因羞愤而犯罪。火狱将使他满足，那卧褥真恶劣。

٢٠٧ وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْرِي نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِ اللَّهِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ رَءُوفٌ بِالْعِبَادِ

207 And of the people is he who sells himself, seeking means to the approval of Allah. And Allah is kind to [His] servants.

207 有人为求真主的喜悦而自愿捐躯。真主是仁爱众仆的。

208 O you who have believed, enter into Islam completely [and perfectly] and do not follow the footsteps of Satan. Indeed, he is to you a clear enemy.

208 信道的人们啊！你们当全体入在和平教中，不要跟随恶魔的步伐，他确是你们的明敌。

٢٠٩ فَإِنْ زَلَلْتُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَتْكُمُ الْبَيِّنَاتُ فَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ

209 But if you deviate after clear proofs have come to you, then know that Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise.

209 如果你们在明证降临之後背离正道，那末，你们当知道真主是万能的，是至睿的。

210 Do they await but that Allah should come to them in covers of clouds and the angels [as well] and the matter is [then] decided? And to Allah [all] matters are returned.

210 他们只等待真主在云荫中与众天神同齐降临，事情将被判决。一切事情，只归真主安排。

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فعل مجهول مضارع	فعل مجهول ماض	فعل معلوم مضارع	فعل معلوم ماض
يُفْعَلُ	فُعِلَ	يَفْعَلُ	فَعَلَ	I
يُفَعَّلُ	فُعِّلَ	يَفَعِّلُ	فَعَّلَ	II
يُفَاعَلُ	فُوْعِلَ	يُفَاعِلُ	فَاعَلَ	III
يُفْعَلُ	أُفْعِلَ	يُفْعِلُ	أَفْعَلَ	IV
يُتَفَعَّلُ	تُفُعِّلَ	يَتَفَعَّلُ	تَفَعَّلَ	V
يُتَفَاعَلُ	تُفُوعِلَ	يَتَفَاعَلُ	تَفَاعَلَ	VI
يُنْفَعَلُ	أُنْفُعِلَ	يَنْفَعِلُ	إِنْفَعَلَ	VII
يُفْتَعَلُ	أُفْتُعِلَ	يُفْتَعِلُ	إِفْتَعَلَ	VIII
يُفَعَّلُ	أُفْعِلَّ	يَفْعَلُّ	إِفْعَلَّ	IX
يُسْتَفْعَلُ	أُسْتُفْعِلَ	يَسْتَفْعِلُ	إِسْتَفْعَلَ	X

مصدر	فعل النهي	فعل الأمر
فَعْلٌ	لاَتَفْعَلْ	إِِفْعَلْ	I
تَفْعِيْلٌ	لاَتُفَعِّلْ	فَعِّلْ	II
مُفَاعَلَةٌ	لاَتُفَاعِلْ	فَاعِلْ	III
إِفْعَالٌ	لاَتُفْعِلْ	أَفْعِلْ	IV
تَفَعُّلٌ	لاَتَتَفَعَّلْ	تَفَعَّلْ	V
تَفَاعُلٌ	لاَتَتَفَاعَلْ	تَفَاعَلْ	VI
إِنْفِعَالٌ	لاَتَنْفَعِلْ	إِنْفَعِلْ	VII
إِفْتِعَالٌ	لاَتَفْتَعِلْ	إِفْتَعِلْ	VIII
إِفْعِلاَلٌ			IX
إِسْتِفْعَالٌ	لاَتَسْتَفْعِلْ	إِسْتَفْعِلْ	X

إسم الألة	إسم المكن الزمان	إسم المفعول	إسم الفاعل
مِفْعَلٌ	مَفْعَلٌ	مَفْعُولٌ	فَاعِلٌ	I
	مُفَعَّلٌ	مُفَعَّلٌ	مُفَعِّلٌ	II
	مُفَاعَلٌ	مُفَاعَلٌ	مُفَاعِلٌ	III
	مُفَعَلٌ	مُفْعَلٌ	مُفْعِلٌ	IV
	مُتَفَعَّلٌ	مُتَفَعَّلٌ	مُتَفَعِّلٌ	V
	مُتَفَاعَلٌ	مُتَفَاعَلٌ	مُتَفَاعِلٌ	VI
	مُنْفَعَلٌ	مُنْفَعَلٌ	مُنْفَعِلٌ	VII
	مُفْتَعَلٌ	مُفْتَعَلٌ	مُفْتَعِلٌ	VIII
	مُفْعَلٌ	مُفْعَلٌ	مُفْعِلٌ	IX
	مُسْتَفْعَلٌ	مُسْتَفْعَلٌ	مُسْتَفْعِلٌ	X

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4. ANSWERING CRITIQUES ON ISLAM

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5.DAKWAH BIL HIKMAH

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6. PEOPLE REVERTING TO ISLAM

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7. QURANIC MIRACLES & OTHERS

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8. DAKWAH SONGS

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User Guide

HAFALAN & ULANGAN ...... KAEDAH QAWAN - ada 10 Level

Semua Al Qur'an di dunia dicetak pada 604 muka surat. Maka Kaedah Qawan membahagikan Al Qur'an kepada 6 bahagian.

Kaedah memilih pasangan .....

1.Pasangan muka surat di antara 2 juzuk.

2.Ayat ayatnya tidak panjang.

3. Sesuai dibaca dalam solat pada rakaat pertama dan kedua.

4. Sesuai dijadikan bahan untuk tazkirah selepas solat.

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LEVEL 1

6 Bahagian Melintang ( Horizontal - H )

Hanya pasangan muka surat di antara 2 juzuk.

Hari Sabtu : ms 1- 100

Hari Ahad : ms 101 - 200

Hari Ithnin : ms 201 - 300

Hari Selasa : ms 301 - 400

Hari Rabu : ms 401 - 500

Hari Khamis : ms 501 - 604

Hari Jumaat : Ulangkaji semua sekadar mampu

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6 Bahagian Menegak ( Vertical - V )

Hanya pasangan muka surat (ms) seluruh Al Qur'an, di antara 2 juzuk yang berhujung dengan nombor tertentu

H.Sabtu : ms hujung 01-02

H.Ahad : ms hujung 21-22

H.Ithnin : ms hujung 41-42

H.Selasa : ms hujung 61-62

H.Rabu : ms hujung 81-82

H.Khamis : ms hujung 99-00

Hari Jumaat : Ulangkaji semua sekadar mampu

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LEVEL 2 ..... akan datang

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...........more

DAILY REMINDER

1. QURAN

404 : Al Ankabut 29 : 69

وَالَّذِينَ جَاهَدُوا فِينَا لَنَهْدِيَنَّهُمْ سُبُلَنَا ۚ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمَعَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ

507 : Muhammad 47 : 7

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنْ تَنْصُرُوا اللَّهَ يَنْصُرْكُمْ وَيُثَبِّتْ أَقْدَامَكُمْ

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2. HADITH

HR Imam Malik dalam Al Muwatta
َ ‏ "‏ تَرَكْتُ فِيكُمْ أَمْرَيْنِ لَنْ تَضِلُّوا مَا تَمَسَّكْتُمْ بِهِمَا كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَسُنَّةَ نَبِيِّهِ

HR Abu Daud & Termidhi...Hadith Hasan Sahih
فَعَلَيْكُمْ بِسُنَّتِي وَسُنَّةِ الْخُلَفَاءِ الرَّاشِدِينَ الْمَهْدِيينَ.

HR Muslim
‏ “إذا مات الأنسان انقطع عمله إلا من ثلاث‏:‏ صدقة جارية، أو علم ينتفع به، أو ولد صالح يدعو له‏"‏ ‏

HR Bukhari
‏ "‏خيركم من تعلم القرآن وعلمه‏"

HR Termizi....Hadith Hasan Sahih
‏ "‏يا أيها الناس أفشوا السلام، وأطعموا الطعام، وصلوا الأرحام وصلوا والناس نيام، تدخلوا الجنة بسلام‏"‏

Sunan Ibn Majah.....Grade Hasan (Darussalam)
ـ ثُمَّ قَالَ ‏:‏ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَىُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَفْضَلُ قَالَ ‏:‏ ‏"‏ أَحْسَنُهُمْ خُلُقًا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَأَىُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَكْيَسُ قَالَ ‏:‏ ‏"‏ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لِلْمَوْتِ ذِكْرًا وَأَحْسَنُهُمْ لِمَا بَعْدَهُ اسْتِعْدَادًا أُولَئِكَ الأَكْيَاسُ ‏"‏ ‏

(Hadits ini muttafaq ‘alaih)

اَلْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنَ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى

HR Bukhari

وَإِنَّ أَحَبَّ الأَعْمَالِ إِلَى اللَّهِ مَا دَامَ وَإِنْ قَلَّ

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3. SERAH NABI & SAHABAT

Sejarah kejayaan di awal Islam semasa zaman Nabi dan Khalifah Ar Rasyidin :

Kelengkapan meterial...... yang kurang

Ketakwaan....... yang tinggi

Sepuluh Sahabat Nabi yang dijamin syurga..... yang majoriti kaya, tapi dermawan .... terutama Abdurrahman bin Auf RA ..... Yang FATONAH mencari peluang untuk jadi tangan yang di atas

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سورة البقرة ٢ الجزء ٢

٣٢

ﭑﭒﭓﭔﭕﭖﭗﭘﭙﭚ

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ﭛﭜﭝﭞﭟﭠﭡﭢﭣﭤﭥﭦﭧ

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ﭨﭩﭪﭫﭬﭭﭮﭯ

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ﭰﭱﭲﭳﭴﭵﭶﭷﭸ

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ﭹﭺﭻﭼﭽﭾﭿﮀﮁﮂﮃ

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ﮄﮅﮆﮇﮈﮉﮊﮋﮌ

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ﮍﮎﮏﮐﮑﮒﮓﮔﮕﮖﮗ

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ﮘﮙﮚﮛﮜﮝﮞﮟﮠ

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ﮡﮢﮣﮤﮥﮦﮧﮨﮩ

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ﮪﮫﮬﮭﮮﮯﮰ

ﮱﯓﯔﯕﯖﯗﯘﯙ

ﯚﯛﯜﯝﯞﯟﯠﯡﯢ

ﯣﯤﯥﯦﯧﯨﯩﯪ

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ﯫﯬﯭﯮﯯﯰﯱﯲﯳﯴﯵ

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ﯶﯷﯸﯹﯺﯻﯼﯽﯾ

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Hadith : Conversation
Hadis : Perbualan

HR Tirmidhi : Grade : Sahih

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ (ﷺ) ‏

‏ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْجَمَاعَةِ وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَالْفُرْقَةَ فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ مَعَ الْوَاحِدِ وَهُوَ مِنَ الاِثْنَيْنِ أَبْعَدُ

Translation

Ibn 'Umar narrated:

" 'Umar delivered a Khutbah to us at Al-Jabiyah. He said: 'O you people! Indeed I have stood among you as the Messenger of Allah(s.a.w) stood among us, and he said: "I order you (to stick to) my Companions, then those who come after them, then those who come after them. Then lying will spread until a man will take an oath when no oath was sought from him, and a witness will testify when his testimony was not sought. Behold! A man is not alone with a woman but the third of them is Ash-Shaitan. Adhere to the Jama'ah, beware of separation, for indeed Ash-Shaitan is with one, and he is further away from two. Whoever wants the best place in Paradise, then let him stick to the Jama'ah. Whoever rejoices with his good deeds and grieves over his evil deeds, then that is the believer among you.'"

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنِيعٍ، حَدَّثَنَا النَّضْرُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ أَبُو الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُوقَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ خَطَبَنَا عُمَرُ بِالْجَابِيَةِ فَقَالَ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنِّي قُمْتُ فِيكُمْ كَمَقَامِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِينَا فَقَالَ ‏ "‏ أُوصِيكُمْ بِأَصْحَابِي ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُمْ ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُمْ ثُمَّ يَفْشُو الْكَذِبُ حَتَّى يَحْلِفَ الرَّجُلُ وَلاَ يُسْتَحْلَفُ وَيَشْهَدَ الشَّاهِدُ وَلاَ يُسْتَشْهَدُ أَلاَ لاَ يَخْلُوَنَّ رَجُلٌ بِامْرَأَةٍ إِلاَّ كَانَ ثَالِثَهُمَا الشَّيْطَانُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْجَمَاعَةِ وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَالْفُرْقَةَ فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ مَعَ الْوَاحِدِ وَهُوَ مِنَ الاِثْنَيْنِ أَبْعَدُ مَنْ أَرَادَ بُحْبُوحَةَ الْجَنَّةِ فَلْيَلْزَمِ الْجَمَاعَةَ مَنْ سَرَّتْهُ حَسَنَتُهُ وَسَاءَتْهُ سَيِّئَتُهُ فَذَلِكَ الْمُؤْمِنُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُوقَةَ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مِنْ غَيْرِ وَجْهٍ عَنْ عُمَرَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏.‏

Grade

: Sahih (Darussalam)

Reference	: Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2165
In-book reference	: Book 33, Hadith 8
English translation	: Vol. 4, Book 7, Hadith 2165

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More Hadith

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Conversation

xxx

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World Islamic History : 32 H
12/8/652 - 31/7/653 CE

How Maldives became Muslim

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How The Maldives Became Muslim

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Did you ever wonder how the Maldives became Muslim? Located just southwest of India, which is predominantly Hindu, and Sri Lanka, which is predominantly Buddhist, it does make on wonder how this came to be.

The story behind it is a legend, that includes an Arab trader from Morocco, who was visiting the Maldives in the 12th century.

How The Maldives Became Muslim

Buddhist since around the 3rd century BC, the last Buddhist King of the Maldives converted to Islam in the 12th century. He become a Sultan and took the name Muhammad al-Adil.

All because the Maldives was an important stop for Arab traders at that time, and one influential trader in particular, Abu al-Barakat Yusuf al-Barbari from North Africa.

The legend behind this conversion is below.

Legend of The Maldives Conversion To Muslim

In the 12th century, the people of the Maldives lived in fear of an evil sea demon, Rannamaari. According to the Buddhist King at the time, this demon demanded the sacrifice of a virgin, monthly, to protect the people from its wrath. Each month, the king held a lottery to select a woman for sacrifice. The selected woman was placed in a tower for Rannamaari, and each time, she was tragically found lifeless the next day.

Abu al-Barakat Yusuf al-Barbari was visiting when one of the young women was selected. In fact, the woman selected was the only daughter of the family home he was stating Family was so distraught, the trader offered to spend the evening in place of the young girl. Instead of their daughter going to the tower, the trader went in her place and spent the entire night in the tower recounting verses from the Quran.

The daemon showed that night, but upon hearing the verses of the Quran, he turned away. Abu al-Barakat Yusuf al-Barbari lived through the night. The The King, amazed, wanted to make sure Rannamaari would never return. He vowed to convert the nation to Islam if the trader was able to permanently remove the demon. Rannamarri
never returned. Upon this success, the King followed through with his promise and converted the entire island to Muslim.
Tomb of Abu al-Barakat Yusuf al-Barbari

In honor of Abu al-Barakat Yusuf al-Barbari’s amazing accomplishment, there is a tomb with his name. It’s located in Medhuziyaaraiy Shrine. This shrine is across from the old Friday Mosque, on Malé, the capital island. The Maldivians revere this shrine as he was responsible for showing them the light of Islam.

If visiting the main island of Malé, stop by to see it, and ask the locals about this story.

Hukuru Miskiiv, The Old Friday Mosque

The old Friday Mosque, was built by the Sultan who converted to Islam in the 12th century. The mosque that stands here today, though, was rebuilt to accommodate more people. Built of coral stone, this mosque is on the list of UNESCO tentative sites for use of sea creatures for architecture, as well as it’s historic and cultural significance, and construction methods.

Religion Today In The Maldives

Today the Maldives is 100% Muslim. In fact, to be a citizen and to own property here, you must be a Sunni Muslim. Non-Muslims, however, are welcome to visit, as long as they do not practice a religion other than Muslim there, or try to convert anyone to another religion.

Want To Learn More About The Maldives?

Who wouldn’t want to experience this tropical paradise? And although it’s best-known as a honeymoon location, there’s much more to the Maldives than dreamy overwater bungalows for newlyweds.

The Maldives also offers active vacations, with world-class waves for surfing (often paired with yoga). You can read more about Surfing in the Maldives here. I volunteered as a yoga instructor at one of the surf and yoga resorts on the islands and loved the islands, the beaches, and the people loving here!

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▪Abu Dzar : among the early revert

▪32 AH : He died in Al Rabatha

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▪Abdullah bin Mas'ud : among the early revert

▪32 AH : He died in Madinah

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▪ Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib : ? Prophet's spy in Mecca.

▪ 32 AH : He died in Madinah

1. Other Events in .... H

More...

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2. Islamic Lineage

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3. Islamic Timelines

Muslim Spain phases:

1.The Al-Andalus province of the Umayyad Caliphate in Damascus (711–756)

2.The Independent Umayyad Emirate of Cordoba (756–929)

3.The Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba (929–1031)

4.The first Taifas (1031–c. 1091)

5.The Almoravid rule (c. 1091–c. 1145)

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Nabi Muhammad saw : Age : 32 Belum ada maklumat more.......
. .

32 H : 11/8/652- 31/7/653
Rasyidun Dynasty : 11 to 40 H
Uthman ra :    23–35 H
Belum ada maklumat more........
.           .

Islamic Timeline

1 - 100 (623 - 719)
101 - 200 (720 - 816)
201- 300 (817 - 913)
301 - 400 (914 - 1010)
401 - 500 (1011 - 1107)
501 - 600 (1108 - 1204)
601 - 700 (1205 - 1301)
701 - 800 (1302 - 1398)
801 - 900 (1399 - 1495)
901 - 1000 (1496 - 1592)
1001 - 1100 (1593 - 1689)
1101 - 1200 (1690 - 1786)
1201 - 1300 (1787 - 1883)
1301 - 1400 (1884 - 1980)
1401 - 1500 (1981 - 2078)

570	: 52 BH
	Birth of Prophet Muhammad at Mecca
610	: 12 BH
	Revelation of the first versus of the Quran
	Ali ibn Abu Talib and Abu Bakar as Siddiq accept Islam
615	: 7 BH
	Conversion of Omar Ibn Al Khattab
620	: 2 BH
	A group of Muslims migrates to Abyssinia to escape the persecution in Mecca
622	: 1 AH
	Prophet Muhammad migrates to Madina
	Start of the Islamic calendar
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624	: 2 AH
	Battle of Badr
625	: 3 AH
	Battle of Uhud
626	: 5 AH
	Battle of Khandaq / Battle of the Trench
627	: 6 AH
	Prophet Muhammad concludes the Treaty of Hudaibiya with the Meccans
628	: 7 AH
	The Muslims reclaim Mecca
	The Prophet sends messages to Khosroe of Persia, Heraclius of Byzantium, Muqawqis of Egypt and the king of Yemen, inviting them to accept Islam
632	: 11 AH
	Farewell pilgrimage of Prophet Muhammad
	The last verse of the Quran is revealed
	Defensive expedition to Tabuk against the Byzantines ends in a stalemate and commander Zaid bin Harris is killed in action
	Prophet Muhammad passes away
	The Companions establish the Caliphate to affirm the historical continuity of Islam
	Abu Bakar as Siddiq is elected the first Caliph
	Death of Fatimah az Zahra beloved daughter of the Prophet,wife of Ali ibn Abu Talib
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633	: 12 AH
	Abu Bakar conducts campaigns against eastern Arabs to ensure their compliance with zakat
	Rise of the false prophets
	Battle of Yamama against Musailimah Al Kazzab
	Abu Bakar authorizes the preparation of a written copy of the Quran, the Mashaf e Siddiqi
634	: 13 AH
	Muslim armies defeat the Byzantines at the Battle of Ajnadyn
	Abu Bakar passes away
	Omar ibn Al Khattab is elected the Caliph
635	: 14 AH
	Campaigns against eastern Roman and Persian Empires
	The Muslims capture Damascus
636	: 15 AH
	The Persian army is defeated at the Battle of Qadasia
	The Byzantines are defeated at the Battle of Yarmuk
	Jerusalem conquered by Arab armies. Freedom of worship is guaranteed to Christians.
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637	: 16 AH
	The Muslims capture Madayen, capital of the Persian Empire
640	: 19 AH
	Omar bin al As begins campaigns in Egypt
641	: 20 AH
	Arab armies advance towards Khorasan, Afghanistan dan Sindh
642	: 21 AH
	The conquest of Egypt is completed
	Caliph Omar streamlines the administration of the vast empire
	Judical rulings of Omar ibn al Khattab and Ali ibn Abu Talib provide a basis for the sciences of Fiqh
	Persian armies defeated at the Battle of Nahawand
643	: 22 AH
	First construction of the Al Aqsa mosque in Jerusalem
644	: 23 AH
	Caliph Omar ibn Al Khattab is assassinated
	Uthman bin Affan is elected the Caliph
649	: 28 AH
	Cyprus is captured from the Byzantines
650	: 29 AH
	Pronunciation of Quranic verses standardized
31 H	: 24/8/651 - 11/8/652 CE

32 H	: 12/8/652 - 31/7/653 CE
	Death of Abu Dhar al Ghifari, venerated Companion and Sufi
656	: 36 AH
	Caliph Uthman bin Affan is assassinated
	Ali ibn Abu Talib is elected the Caliph
	Beginning of the Civil Wars
	Caliph Ali ibn Abu Talib defeats dissidents under Aisha binti Abu Bakar at the Battle of the Camel
657	: 37 AH
	Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan, governor of Syria, refuses to recognize the Caliphate of Ali
	Battle of Siffin between forces of Ali and Muawiya
	Beginning of the Kharijite schism
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658	: 38 AH
	Ali ibn Abu Talib defeats the Kharijites at the Battle of Nahrawan
	Muawiya is declared the Caliph by his supporters in Damascus
659	: 39 AH
	Truce between Caliph Ali ibn Abu Talib and Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan
661	: 41 AH
	Caliph Ali ibn Abu Talib is assassinated
	Age of Khulafa e Rashidoon ends
	Muawiya claims the Caliphate
	Beginning of the Umayyad dynasty
	Imam Hassan ibn Ali retires from politics
665	: 45 AH
	Muawiya orders the buildup of a navy
667	: 47 AH
	Muslim armies capture Khorasan
669	: 49 AH
	Death of Imam Hassan ibn Ali
670	: 50 AH
	Uqba bin Nafi begins the conquest of North Africa
	The city of Khairaoun in North Africa is founded
671	: 51 AH
	Muslim armies capture the island of Rhodes
	The first attempt to capture Constantinople fails
678	: 58 AH
	Death of Aisha binti Abu Bakar wife of Prophet Muhammad and the source of a large number of Hadith
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680	: 60 AH
	Death of Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan
	Yazid son of Muawiya becomes Omayyad ruler
	The tragedy of Karbala, Hussain ibn Ali,grandson of the Prophet is martyred
	Beginning of Yawm e Ashoora
683	: 63 AH
	Yazid sacks Madina
	Uqba bin Nafi conquers North Africa
	Death of Yazid: Muawiya II succeeds him
684	: 64 AH
	Marwan I becomes the Caliph
685	: 65 AH
	Abdul Malik becomes the Caliph
	Construction of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem
	Muslim armies advance into Central Asia
690	: 71 AH
	Omayyad armies reach the Atlantic Ocean
691	: 72 AH
	Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem is completed
692	: 73 AH
	Abdul Malik mints the first coins of the Islamic state
693	: 74 AH
	Al Hajjaj also known as al Hajjaj the cruel becomes governor of Iraq
694	: 75 AH
	Construction of the Omayyad Mosque in Damascus
699	: 80 AH
	Death of Al Juhani rationalist, philosopher
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705	: 86 AH
	Al Walid I becomes the Caliph and begins a vigorous expansion of the empire
711	: 92 AH
	Tariq ibn Ziyad lands in Spain. Visigoth army under Rodriguez is defeated at the Battle of Buhayrah
	Muhammad bin Qasim lands at Debal subdues Baluchistan , Sindh , Multan and southern Punjab
712	: 93 AH
	Musa ibn Nusair advances into Leon, Astoria, and Galicia
	Beginning of 780 years of Muslim rule in Andalus
	Jewish golden age in Spain
	Death of Imam Zainul Abedin
713	: 94 AH
	Zaid bin Zainul Abedin organizes resistance to the Omayyads. Beginning of the Zaidi branch.
	Muslim armies capture Lyons in France
714	: 95 AH
	Muhammad bin Qasim recalled from Sindh by Hajjaj bin Yusuf and imprisoned until death
	Muslims capture Normandy in France
715	: 96 AH
	Sulaiman becomes Umayyad Caliph
	Musa ibn Nusair recalled from Spain by Caliph Sulaiman, stripped of all power and banished into the desert
717	: 98 AH
	Omar bin Abdul Aziz becomes the Caliph and attempts reconciliation in the Islamic community. He lowers taxes on peasants in Persia and Egypt.
	The Byzantines repulse a second Muslim attempt to capture Constantinople.
	Spread of Islam into Persia and Egypt picks up momentum
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719	: 100 AH
	Omar bin Abdul Aziz is poisoned
	Yazid II becomes the Caliph
720	: 101 AH
	Muslim armies cross the Pyrenees and occupy southern France
724	: 106 AH
	Hisham becomes the Caliph
728	: 110 AH
	Death of Hasan al Basri,well known Sufi Shaykh
731	: 113 AH
	Death of Imam al Baqir
732	: 114 AH
	Charles Martel stops the Muslim advance into Europe at the Battle of Tours
735	: 117 AH
	Muslim armies advance through southern France and occupy mountain passes in Switzerland
740	: 122 AH
	Death of Imam Zaid bin Zain ul Abedin
743	: 125 AH
	Al Walid II becomes the Caliph
744	: 126 AH
	Abu Muslim is appointed the chief dayee of Khorasan
	Yazid III, Ibrahim and Marwan II become the Caliphs in rapid succession
745	: 127 AH
	Imam Jaafar as Saadiq discusses Fiqh issues in his study circles. Imam Abu Haneefa participates in these studies and benefits from them.
746	: 128 AH
	Beginning of the Abbasid revolution in Khorasan
747	: 129 AH
	Kufa falls to the Abbasids. Abu Muslim nominates Abul Abbas as the first Abbasid Caliph
750	: 132 AH
	The Abbasid Revolution
	The Abbasid forces defeat the Caliph Marwan at the Battle of Kushaf. The Umayyads are swept away from power and are slaughtered
	Andur Rahman I escapes to Spain
	Beginning of the Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad. Abu Abbas al Saffah becomes the first Abbasid Caliph
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751	: 133 AH
	Battle of Tlas.The Muslim armies are victorious over the forces of the Tang Empire. China cedes Central Asia to the Caliphate
	Systematic development of Fiqh begins
754	: 136 AH
	Al Mansur becomes the Caliph,sends troops into China in response to a request for help from the Tang Emperor Tsung.
755	: 138 AH
	The Umayyad Abdur Rahman I establishes the Umayyad Emirate in Cordoba Spain
759	: 142 AH
	The Franks recapture Narbonne from the Muslims
760	: 143 AH
	Death of Imam Ismail, son of Imam Jaafar as Saadiq
	Beginning of the Fatimid branch among Muslims
763	: 146 AH
	Baghdad becomes the seat of the Caliphate and the cradle of Islamic civilization
765	: 148 AH
	Death of Imam Jaafar as Saadiq one of the principal sources of Fiqh. Caliph al Mansur establishes schools of translation in Baghdad.
	Muslims come into contact with Greek philosophy and Indian mathematics
768	: 151 AH
	Death of Imam Abu Haneefa after whom the Hanafi school of Fiqh is named.
	Charlemagne ( 768-814) ascends the Frankish throne.
	back to top
775	: 158 AH
	Al Mahdi becomes the Caliph
778	: 161 AH
	Charlemagne of France raids Muslim Spain
780	: 163 AH
	Charlemagne invades German territories and converts the Germans to Christianity
781	: 164 AH
	Ibn Jabir invents the science of chemistry
785	: 168 AH
	Al Hadi becomes the Caliph
786	: 169 AH
	Harun al Rashid becomes the Caliph. Golden age of Baghdad
788	: 172 AH
	Beginning of the Idrisid dynasty in North Africa
790	: 174 AH
	The manufacture of paper is introduced into Baghdad from China
795	: 179 AH
	Death of Imam Malik bin Anas, after whom the Maliki school of Fiqh is named
799	: 183 AH
	Zubaida, wife of Harun al Rashid performs the Hajj and builds rest houses for hajjis on the road
	Death of Imam Muza al Kazim
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800	: 184 AH
	Harun al Rashid and Charlemagne exchange ambassadors
801	: 185 AH
	The city of Fez is established
	Charlemagne begins an invasion of Muslim Spain
802	: 186 AH
	Death of Rabia al Adawiya one of the most celebrated spiritual luminaries and a teacher of Sufi masters
809	: 193 AH
	Death of Harun al Rashid. Al Amin becomes the Caliph in Baghdad
813	: 197 AH
	Al Mamun succeeds his brother Al Amin as the Caliph
814	: 198 AH
	Death of Charlemagne. The Carolingian Empire in Europe begins to disintegrate
815	: 199 AH
	Al Khwarizmi invents the science of Algebra and develops the mathematics of equations
	Viking raids from the North ravage Europe
	The Abbasid Empire begins a slow process of disintegration. The Idrisids in North Africa and the Tahirids in Persia become autonomous
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818	: 202 AH
	Death of Imam Ali al Rida
820	: 205 AH
	Death of Imam al Shafie after whom the Shafie school of Fiqh is named.
	Rise of the Aghlabids in North Africa
822	: 207 AH
	Music flourishes at the court of Cordoba under the musician al Zirhab
	The Aghlabid armies from North Africa invade Sicily
827	: 212 AH
	Caliph al Mamun adopts Mutazilite doctrines as court dogma
	The Idrisids capture Crete, Sardinia and Sicily
830	: 215 AH
	Caliph al Mamun patronizes the Bait ul Hikmah (House of Wisdom) in Baghdad and encourages translation of Greek and Sanskrit books into arabic. The Muslims develop concept of decimals in mathematics
831	: 216 AH
	Muslims capture Palermo Italy
833	: 218 AH
	Death of Al Mamun. Al Mutasim becomes the Caliph and enlists Turks into the army
835	: 220 AH
	Death of Imam al Jawwad
838	: 223 AH
	Umayyad armies from Spain occupy Marseilles France
840	: 225 AH
	Death of Al Khwarizmi mathematician , Sufi Shaykh
842	: 227 AH
	Al Wathiq becomes the Caliph
846	: 231 AH
	The Aghlabids in North Africa occupy Pisa and conduct a raid on Rome
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847	: 232 AH
	Al Mutawakkil becomes the Caliph abandons Mutazilite doctrines
850	: 235 AH
	Turkish influence in the Caliphate grows
855	: 241 AH
	Death of Imam ibn Hanbal after whom the Hanbali school of FIqh is named
861	: 247 AH
	University of Kairaouine ( established 859 CE ) in Fes Morocco. Caliph al Mutawakkil is murdered in Baghdad. Al Muntasir becomes the Caliph
866	: 252 AH
	Al Mutaz becomes the Caliph
868	: 254 AH
	Egypt becomes autonomous under the Tulunids
	Palermo in Sicily becomes a center of Islamic learning
	Death of Imam al Hadi
870	: 256 AH
	The Zanj workers from East Africa revolt in Iraq
	Death of Al Farabi and Al Kindi noted men of science
	Death of Al Tabari renowned physician
	The Muslims capture Malta
	Al Mutamid becomes the Caliph in Baghdad
874	: 260 AH
	Death of Abul Hussain Muslim, compiler of Hadith
	Death of Imam al Askari
	Death of Al Kindi mathematician astronomer
	Death of Al Bistami one of the most celebrated Sufi Shaikhs
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875	: 261 AH
	Hamdan Karamat starts the Karamatian movement
	The Sassanids establish themselves in Bokhara
878	: 264 AH
	Disappearance of Imam al Muntazar the Twelth Imam
	Beginning of belief in the hidden Imam
880	: 266 AH
	The Aghlabids lose southern Italy to Christian forces
882	: 268 AH
	A rebellion of the Zanj in Iraq is crushed
885	: 272 AH
	Death of Dawud ibn Khalaf expounder of the Zahiri school of Fiqh
887	: 274 AH
	Peasant revolt in China against foreigners forces out the Muslims of Canton
889	: 276 AH
	Death of Ibn Kutaiba historian
890	: 277 AH
	Spanish Muslims re-establish bases in southern France and conduct raids into Switzerland
892	: 279 AH
	Death of Muhammed al Tharmidi historian
	Al Mutadid becomes the Caliph
893	: 280 AH
	The Karamatians capture Yemen
898	: 285 AH
	Imam al Hadi Yahya establishes a Zaidi state in Yemen
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900	: 287 AH
	The Arabian Nights are compiled
	Improvements appear in the design and use of the Astrolabe
	The Kharijites establish a dynasty in Sijilmasa North Africa
901	: 288 AH
	The Samanids emerge in Khorasan Persia
902	: 289 AH
	Al Muktafi becomes the Caliph
903	: 290 AH
	The Karamatians plunder Damascus
904	: 291 AH
	Muslim armies capture Solonika from the Byzantines
907	: 294 AH
	Abu Abdullah Fatimid leader moves to North Africa
908	: 295 AH
	Al Muqtadir becomes the Caliph in Baghdad
909	: 296 AH
	The Fatimids establish themselves in North Africa
	Ubaidulla al Mahdi becomes the first Fatimid Caliph
910	: 297 AH
	Al Razi conducts research into infectious diseases including small pox,rabies and the plague
912	: 299 AH
	Reign of Abdul Rahman III in Spain (912 - 961). Cordoba becomes the premier city of Europe. Golden age of Spain. Science and civilization thrive.
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914	: 301 AH
	Nasr al Saeed of the Samanids in Khorasan favors the Fatimids over the Abbasids
915	: 302 AH
	The Kharijites establish themselves in southern Morocco
	The Fatimids raid Egypt
922	: 310 AH
	Mansur al Hallaj Persian mystic is executed for his esoteric views
	Beginning of the Tahirid dynasty in Iraq
923	: 311 AH
	Death of Abu Tabari, noted commentator on the Quran
925	: 313 AH
	Death of Al Razi doctor of medicine
929	: 317 AH
	In response to Fatimid claims to the Caliphate, Abdul Rahman III of Spain assumes the title of Caliph and protector of Sunni Muslims in North Africa
930	: 318 AH
	The Karamatians raid Mecca and carry off the Hijr e Aswad from the Haram to Bahrain
931	: 319 AH
	Abdur Rahman III occupies Ceuta
	The Fatimids capture Algeria
932	: 320 AH
	The Buyids establish their rule in southern Iraq
	Al Qahir becomes the Caliph in Baghdad
933	: 321 AH
	The Ishkedids displace the Tulunids in Egypt and rule until 969
934	: 322 AH
	Al Radi becomes the Abbasid Caliph
	Al Qaim becomes the Fatimid Caliph
936	: 324 AH
	Death of Al Ashari (874-936), highly influential theologian who reconciled Mutazilite doctrines with orthodox theology. Author of ''occasionalism' in philosophy
939	: 327 AH
	Abdul RAhman III of Spain captures Fraxinetum, Valais,Geneva, Toulon and Great St. Bernard
940	: 328 AH
	Extensive postal services are established by the Abbasids
	Al Muttaqi becomes the Abbasid Caliph
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945	: 333 AH
	The Buyids temporarily capture Baghdad
946	: 334 AH
	Al Mutee becomes the Abbasid Caliph
	Al Mansur becomes the Fatimid Caliph
950	: 338 AH
	Death of Al Farabi , noted scientist, philosopher, jurist,author of treatises on ethics, music and logic, Sufi Shaykh
951	: 340 AH
	The Ikhwan as Safa in Iraq compile an Ecyclopedia of Knowledge
953	: 342 AH
	Al Muiz becomes the Fatimid Caliph in North Africa
955	: 344 AH
	Sharp naval engagements between the navies of Al Muiz and Abdul Rahman III off the coast of Spain
957	: 346 AH
	Al Masudi, the historian, passes away
961	: 350 AH
	Death of Abdul Rahman III
	The Oghuz family of Turks in Central Asia accepts Islam
962	: 351 AH
	The Seljuk, Alaptagin, establishes a kingdom in Ghazna Afghanistan
968	: 357 AH
	The Umayyads establish a university in Cordoba
969	: 358 AH
	The Fatimids conquer Egypt and establish the city of Cairo
970	: 359 AH
	The Fatimids capture Syria, Mecca and Madina and lay claim to the leadership of the Islamic world. Fatimid rule in Multan ( modern Pakistan ). Brisk trade between Alexandria, Egypt and Venice, Italy
971	: 360 AH
	The Fatimids establish Al-Azhar University in Cairo
974	: 363 AH
	Al Ta'ee becomes the Abbasid Caliph
975	: 364 AH
	Death of Al Muiz, Fatimid Caliph of Egypt. Al Aziz becomes the Fatimid Caliph
	Muslim astronomers publish manuscripts showing constellations of stars
988	: 378 AH
	Count Vladimir of Kiev embraces Eastern Orthodox Christianity
991	: 381 AH
	Al Qadir becomes the Abbasid Caliph
996	: 386 AH
	Al Hakim becomes the Fatimid Caliph
	Pope Pious XI declares the Crusades against Muslim
997	: 387 AH
	Mahmud succeeds Alaptagin in Ghazna and dominates Central Asia
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999	: 389 AH
	Large scale Turkish migrations into Central Asia.
	Kara Khani Turks occupy Bukhara.
	Mahmud of Ghazna annexes Khorasan.
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1000	: 390 AH
	Mahmud makes the first of seventeen raids into India.
	The Chinese use gunpowder to propel arrows.
1001	: 391 AH
	Mahmud starts campaigns to capture Peshawar, Bhera, Nagarkot, Tarain, Thaneshwar and Kanauj in India.
1004	: 394 AH
	Mahmud defeats Dawud, Fatimid ruler of Multan.
1016	: 407 AH
	The Christians reclaim Sardinia.
1017	: 408 AH
	Beginning of the Druze sect in Lebanon.
1020	: 411 AH
	Death of Firdowsi of Persia, author of Shah Nama.
	Mahmud establishes Lahore as the capital of Punjab.
	Death of Fatimid Caliph al Hakim who had claimed divinity.
1021	: 412 AH
	Al Zahir becomes the Fatimid Caliph.
1024	: 415 AH
	Mahmud raids temple of Somanath in Gujrat, India.
1025	: 416 AH
	Al Baruni publishes Kitab ul Hind, a penetrating study of the people of India.
1030	: 421 AH
	Death of Mahmud of Ghazna. Umayyad caliphate in Cordoba defeated by the Christian Reconquista.
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1031	: 422 AH
	The Umayyad Caliphate of Cordoba disintegrates. Spain breaks up into petty emirates. The Christian kingdoms of Castille, Leon and Portugal position themselves to attack the Muslim territories.
	Al Qaim becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
1032	: 423 AH
	The Church of Constantinople breaks with the Church of Rome over the issue of icons in the Church.
1036	: 427 AH
	Taghril Beg becomes Seljuk Sultan.
	Al Mustansir becomes the Fatimid Caliph.
1037	: 428 AH
	Death of Abu Ali ibn Sina, one of the greatest of physicians.
	Ferdinand I, king of Castille, captures Leon.
1038	: 429 AH
	Death of Al Hazen, noted physicist.
1043	: 434 AH
	The Fatimid Empire begins to crumble. Mecca, Madina, Yemen and North Africa are lost by the Fatimids.
1048	: 440 AH
	Death of al Bairuni, historian, author of Kitab ul Hind.
1050	: 442 AH
	The Christians advance in Sicily.
1051	: 443 AH
	Beginning of the Murabitun revolution in West Africa.
1056	: 448 AH
	The Seljuk Taghril Beg and the Buyid Basisiri contest the control of Baghdad.
1058	: 450 AH
	Taghril Beg is anointed by Abbasid Caliph Kaim as “sultan of the east and the west” for his role in protecting the Abbasid Caliphate.
1060	: 452 AH
	The Seljuk Turks advance into Persia, Azerbaijan and Armenia.
	The Crusaders raid the coast of North Africa.
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1061	: 453 AH
	The Murabitun capture Morocco.
	The Murabitun establish the city of Marrakesh as their capital.
1063	: 455 AH
	Taghril Beg dies childless. His nephew Alap Arsalan becomes the Seljuk sultan.
1068	: 460 AH
	Beginning of the Songhay Empire in West Africa.
1072	: 464 AH
	Battle of Manzikert. The Seljuk Turks under Alap Arsalan defeat the Byzantines under Emperor Romanus and open up Anatolia for Turkish settlement.
	The Christians capture Palermo in Sicily.
1075	: 467 AH
	The Seljuk Sultan Malik Shah retakes Syria from the Fatimids.
	Al Muqtadi becomes the Abbasid Caliph.
1077	: 469 AH
	Birth of Abdul Qader Jeelani, celebrated Sufi sage.
1085	: 478 AH
	Alfonso I of Castile captures Toledo, the ancient capital of Visigoth Spain. The extensive libraries of Toledo become accessible to Christian Europe.
1086	: 479 AH
	The Murabitun emir, Yusuf bin Tashfin, advances into Spain at the head of a powerful African force.
	The Nizamiya College is founded in Baghdad by Nizam ul Mulk, grand vizier to Sultan Malik Shah.
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1087	: 480 AH
	Yusuf bin Tashfin defeats Alfonso VI at the Battle of Sagrajas.
	The Crusaders sack Mahdiya in North Africa.
	The assassin terror grows in Iraq and Syria.
1090	: 483 AH
	Al Ghazzali teaches at NizamiyaCollege, Baghdad.
	The Crusaders capture Malta.
	The assassins capture Alamut in northern Syria and establish a training center for fidayees.
1091	: 484 AH
	End of Muslim presence in Sicily.
	Smyrna in Anatolia becomes the Seljuk capital.
	Death of Sultan Malik Shah.
	The assassins murder grand vizier Nizam ul Mulk.
1094	: 487 AH
	Al Mustansir becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
	Al Mustadi becomes the Fatimid Caliph in Cairo.
1095	: 488 AH
	Pope Urban II declares a Crusade to take Jerusalem.
	Al Afdal, grand vizier of Fatimid Egypt, recaptures Jerusalem from Turkish emir Duqaq of Damascus.
1096	: 489 AH
	The start of the First Crusade.
1097	: 490 AH
	Konya Anatolia becomes the Seljuk capital.
	The Turks retreat before the advancing Crusaders.
	The Fatimids in Egypt start negotiations with the Crusaders to divide up Seljuk territories.
1098	: 491 AH
	The Crusaders capture Antioch.
1099	: 492 AH
	Jerusalem falls to the Crusaders. The Muslims and the Jews are massacred. Baldwin becomes king of Jerusalem.
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1100	: 493 AH
	Al Ghazzali writes a powerful diatribe, Tahaffuz al Falsafa, against speculative philosophy. In Ihya al Uloom, he accords tasawwuf an honored position in the Islamic sciences.
1106	: 499 AH
	Death of Yusuf bin Tashfin, emir of the Murabitun.
1111	: 504 AH
	Abu Hamid al Ghazzali dies after transforming the intellectual landscape of the Islamic world.
1113	: 507 AH
	Maudud, a Seljuk officer from Mosul, defeats King Baldwin of Jerusalem.
1118	: 512 AH
	Al Mustarshid, Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
1123	: 517 AH
	Death of Omar al Khayyam, mathematician, mystic.
1124	: 518 AH
	Death of Hassan al Sabbah, leader of the Assassins.
1126	: 520 AH
	Archbishop Raymond establishes a school in Toledo to translate Arabic books into Latin.
1127	: 521 AH
	The Assassins murder Turkish officer Maudud.
1130	: 524 AH
	Death of ibn Tumart, leader of the Al Muhaddithin.
1132	: 526 AH
	Roger II of Sicily invites Muslim scholars to work at his court.
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1139	:533 AH
	Birth of Khwaja Moeenuddin Chishti, Sufi sage.
1141	: 535 AH
	The Kara Kitai Turkomans defeat the Seljuks at Amu Darya.
1144	: 538 AH
	The Seljuks, under Zengi, recapture Edessa.
	Pope Eugene declares the Second Crusade.
1145	: 539 AH
	The Second Crusade collapses in Anatolia but succeeds in capturing Lisbon in Portugal.
	End of the Murabitun rule in Andalus.
1146	: 541 AH
	The al Muhaddithin captures Morocco.
	The assassins murder Seljuk Emir Zengi.
1149	: 544 AH
	Al Zafir becomes the Fatimid Caliph.
1150	: 545 AH
	The University of Paris is established.
1151	: 546 AH
	Al Idrisi constructs a map of the then known world.
1154	: 549 AH
	The Kurdish officer Nuruddin, in Seljuk service, takes Damascus.
	Al Faiz becomes the Fatimid Caliph in Cairo.
1157	: 552 AH
	The al Muhaddithin captures Andalus.
1160	: 555 AH
	Al Mustanjid becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
	Al Adid, the last of the Fatimids, becomes the Caliph in Cairo.
1163	: 558 AH
	The Seljuks and the Crusaders compete for influence in Fatimid Egypt.
1166	: 561 AH
	Death of Shaykh Abdul Qader Jeelani of Baghdad, called Shaykh ul Mashaiq, founder of the Qadariya Sufi order.
	Death of the geographer, al Idrisi.
1167	: 562 AH
	Establishment of Oxford University in England.
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1170	: 565 AH
	Salahuddin takes Egypt from the Fatimids.
	Al Mustadi becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
1171	: 566 AH
	End of the Fatimid era. Egypt reverts to the Abbasid Caliphate.
1173	: 568 AH
	Ghiasuddin Ghori established the kingdom of Ghor in Afghanistan.
1175	: 570 AH
	Salahuddin consolidates his hold on Syria and Egypt.
	Death of Ahmed al Rifai, founder of the Rifaiyah Sufi brotherhood.
1177	: 572 AH
	Muhammed Ghori adds Multan, Uch, Dera Ismail Khan and Sindh to his dominions.
1179	: 575 AH
	Muhammed Ghori starts campaigns to capture Peshawar and Sialkot.
1182	: 578 AH
	Khwaja Muhammed Ghouse of Sindh introduces the Qadariya order into India and Pakistan.
1187	: 583 AH
	Battle of Hittin. Salahuddin triumphs and recaptures Jerusalem.
	Muhammed Ghori captures Lahore.
1188	: 584 AH
	Pope Clement III launches the Third Crusade.
1189	: 585 AH
	Khwaja Moeenuddin Chisti moves to Ajmer, India and establishes the Chistiya order.
1190	: 586 AH
	King Richard of England proposes a marriage between his sister and Saifuddin, brother of Salahuddin and for the two together to rule Jerusalem. The proposal is opposed by the Crusaders and is abandoned.
1191	: 587 AH
	Accra surrenders to the Crusaders after a long siege.
	Mohammed Ghori suffers a defeat at the Battle of Tarain and is forced to withdraw towards Kabul.
1192	: 588 AH
	Muhammed Ghori, victorious over the Rajputs, captures Delhi. Prithvi Raj Chauhan, ruler of Ajmer and Delhi is slain.
1193	: 589 AH
	Salahuddin passes away and is buried in Damascus.
1196	: 592 AH
	The al Muhaddith emir al Mansur defeats the Crusaders at the Battle of Alarcos.
1198	: 594 AH
	Death of ibn Rushd, of the great world philosophers.
1199	: 595 AH
	Pope Innocent III declares the Fourth Crusade.
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1200	: 596 AH
	Islam takes roots in Indonesia.
	Alauddin Muhammed becomes the Shah of Khwarazm.
	The Crusaders capture Valencia.
	Cambridge University is established in England.
1201	: 597 AH
	The Latin Crusaders sack Zara, a Christian city on the Adriatic.
1202	: 598 AH
	The Delhi Sultanate is established.
1203	: 599 AH
	Death of Nizami, well known Farsi poet.
1204	: 600 AH
	The Crusaders, led by Dondolo of Venice, sack Constantinople and loot its treasures.
	Johan Shah, ruler of Sumatra, accepts Islam.
1205	: 601 AH
	The Turkoman Kara Kitai defeats Mohammed Ghori.
	The Ghorids put down a rebellion in the Punjab.
1206	: 602 AH
	Genghiz Khan becomes the supreme ruler of the Mongol tribes.
	The assassins murder Muhammed Ghori.
	The Delhi sultans advance towards Bengal.
1211	: 608 AH
	Altumish ascends the throne of Delhi.
1212	: 609 AH
	The Crusaders defeat the al Muhaddith at the Battle of Las Novas de Tolosa.
1215	: 612 AH
	Genghiz Khan captures northern China; learns the use of gunpowder from the Chinese.
1218	: 615 AH
	The Fifth Crusade is directed against Egypt. The Egyptians open the Nile docks and drown the invaders.
1219	: 616 AH
	Genghiz Khan invades the territories of Shah Muhammed of Khorasan.
1220	: 617 AH
	Genghiz Khan devastates Central Asia.
1221	: 618 AH
	Genghiz Khan destroys Persia and Afghanistan.
	Prince Jalaluddin faces the Khan at the Battle of the Indus.
1222	: 619 AH
	Genghiz Khan returns to Mongolia.
1223	: 620 AH
	Ibn al Athir, celebrated historian, passes away.
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1227	: 624 AH
	Death of Genghiz Khan. The Mongols continue their advance through West Asia and Eastern Europe.
1228	: 625 AH
	The Sixth Crusade, directed at Egypt and led by Emperor Frederick II of Germany fails.
1230	: 627 AH
	Sundiata starts consolidation of the Empire of Mali.
1235	: 632 AH
	Baba Fareed of Lahore becomes heads of the Chistiya order in India.
1236	: 633 AH
	Cordoba, capital of Muslim Spain, falls to the Crusaders.
	Razia rules as Queen of India.
	Death of Khwaja Moeenuddin Chishti of Ajmer, the most celebrated awliya of the subcontinent.
	Al Mustansir becomes the Caliph in Baghdad.
1240	: 637 AH
	Death of ibn al Arabi, renowned Sufi Shaykh.
	Roger Bacon teaches in England.
1242	: 639 AH
	Al Musta’sim becomes the 37^th and the last Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad.
1245	: 643 AH
	At the Council of Lyons, Christian Europe resolves to seek an alliance with the Mongols against the Muslims. A Franciscan priest, John de Plano Carpini, arrives at the Mongol court to seek military assistance.
1248	: 646 AH
	Seville in Spain falls to the Christians.
	Ibn Ahmar starts the Nasirid dynasty in Granada.
1249	: 647 AH
	The Seventh Crusade, directed at Egypt by the Franks, is beaten back.
1250	: 648 AH
	Shajarat al Durr rules as Queen of Egypt.
1251	: 649 AH
	Hulagu Khan becomes the Mongol lord of Persia and Central Asia.
1256	: 654 AH
	Hulagu Khan destroys the Assassins.
1257	: 655 AH
	Death of Shaykh Saadi, celebrated Farsi poet.
	Nizamuddin Awliya becomes head of the Chishtiya order in Delhi. Islam spreads in India.
1258	: 656 AH
	Hulagu Khan sacks Baghdad. End of the Abbasid Caliphate of Baghdad. The curtain falls on the classic Islamic civilization. Caliph al Musta’sim is killed.
	Death of Ali al Shadhuli, founder of the Shadhuli Sufi order.
1260	: 658 AH
	Kublai Khan ascends the throne of China. Many capable Muslims work at the court of the Great Khan.
	Hulagu Khan storms Aleppo and massacres its inhabitants.
1261	: 659 AH
	The Mamlukes of Egypt install Al Mustansir as the Abbasid Caliph in Cairo.
	The Mamluke, Zahir Baybars of Egypt, defeats a combined army of Mongols, Armenians and Crusaders at the Battle of Ayn Jalut.
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1265	: 663 AH
	Death of Hulagu Khan.
1269	: 667 AH
	The Merinide al Yakub captures Marrakesh.
1273	: 671 AH
	Death of Jalaluddin Rumi, author of Mathnavi, the most celebrated of Farsi poets and founder of the Maulavi Sufi order.
1274	: 672 AH
	Death of al Tusi, astronomer and inventor of the 2-axis gimbal.
	Emir al Yaqub of the Merinides defeats the Christians at the Battle of Ecija.
1277	: 676 AH
	Sultan Baybars defeats the Mongol armies at the Battle of Abulistan.
1278	: 677 AH
	Death of Sultan Baybars.
1289	: 688 AH
	The Mamlukes captures Acre, last Crusader stronghold in Syria.
1290	: 689 AH
	Sultan Malik Shah rules in Sumatra.
1291	: 690 AH
	Death of Shaykh Saadi, well known Farsi poet.
1294	: 693 AH
	Marco Polo returns to Italy from journey to the East.
1295	: 694 AH
	Ghazan the Great, the Il Khan Emperor, accepts Islam.
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1300	: 699 AH
	Alauddin Khilji consolidates his empire over the subcontinent. Malik Kafur advances into southern India.
1301	: 700 AH
	Uthman Ghazi, founder of the Ottoman Empire, consolidates his holdings around Burs and Eskishehir; he defeats the Byzantines at the Battle of Yalakova.
	The Mamlukes triumph over the Il Khans at the Battle of Marj as Suffar.
1307	: 706 AH
	Mansa Musa becomes emperor of Mali.
1316	: 716 AH
	Death of Alauddin Khilji, emperor of India.
1320	: 720 AH
	The Khilji dynasty in India collapses.
	Beginning of the Tughlaq dynasty.
1324	: 724 AH
	Mansa Musa performs his hajj with an entourage of 12000.
1325	: 725 AH
	Death of Nizamuddin Awliya of Delhi.
	Ibn Batuta begins his journey around the world.
	Death of Amir Khusroe ,famed Sufi poet of India
1326	: 726 AH
	Death of Uthman I, founder of the Ottoman Empire. His successor Sultan Orkhan captures Bursa.
	Death of ibn Taymiyah, noted scholar, considered to be the founder of the “salafi” school of thought.
1333	: 733 AH
	Yusuf I becomes emir of Granada, breaks with Castille, forms an alliance with the sultan of Morocco and makes a last attempt to capture Spain from the Christians.
1334	: 734 AH
	Ibn Batuta arrives in Delhi.
	Death of Shaykh Safiuddin Ishaq, after whom the Safavid dynasty of Persia is named.
1335	: 735 AH
	Death of Abu Said, Il Khanid Prince.
1340	: 740 AH
	The Yuan Emperor Toghon Timur of China sends an embassy to the court of Muhammed bin Tughlaq of India.
	The Merinide navy defeats the Spaniards at the Battle of Tarifa.
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1341	: 742 AH
	Death of Sultan ibn Qalawun of Egypt.
1345	: 746 AH
	Ibn Batuta visits Sultan Malik al Zahir of Pasai Indonesia.
1346	: 747 AH
	The Black Plague devastates Europe.
1351	: 752 AH
	Death of Muhammed bin Tughlaq of India. The Tughlaq Empire begins to disintegrate.
1354	: 755 AH
	Ibn Batuta visits the Empire of Mali.
	The Ottomans capture Gallipoli and Ankara.
1355	: 756 AH
	Ibn Batuta returns to Tangier. The Merinide Sultan Abu Inan authorizes the writing of the Rehla of Ibn Batuta.
	The Genoese briefly occupy Tripoli, Libya.
1357	: 758 AH
	The Ottomans capture Erdirne.
1368	: 769 AH
	Timurlane, elected the leader of the Tatars, consolidates his hold on the valley of Farghana in Uzbekistan.
1369	: 770 AH
	Death of ibn Batuta.
1375	: 777 AH
	Dimitrius, Count of Moscow, wins a victory over the Tatar Golden Horde.
1376	: 778 AH
	The Golden Horde burns down Moscow.
1380	: 782 AH
	Timurlane begins his first campaign in Persia.
	Shaykh Awliya Karim al Maqdum introduces Islam into Mindanao, the Philippines.
	Kara Muhammed, leader of the Turkish tribe Kara Kuyunlu, establishes his kingdom near Mosul.
1381	: 783 AH
	The Ottomans capture Bulgaria.
1385	: 787 AH
	The Ottomans capture Thrace.
1387	: 789 AH
	Timurlane invades Russia and destroys the power of the Golden Horde. Russia begins its long march towards political consolidation.
1389	: 791 AH
	Bayazid I becomes the Ottoman sultan, defeats the Serbs at the Battle of Kosova.
	Death of Hafiz, one of the greatest of Farsi poets.
	Death of Bahauddin Naqshband, founder of the Naqshbandi Sufi tareeqa of Bukhara.
1390	: 792 AH
	A combined French and Genoese force attacks Mahdiya, Tunisia.
1391	: 793 AH
	Bayazid I attacks Constantinople.
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1396	: 798 AH
	Bayazid defeats the Crusader armies at the Battle of Nicopolis.
1398	: 800 AH
	Timur sacks Isfahan, Persia.
1399	: 801 AH
	Timur invades India, sacks Delhi, India.
	Castille sacks Tetuan, Morocco.
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1400	: 802 AH
	Bayazid I lays siege to Constantinople.
1401	: 803 AH
	Timur defeats the Mamlukes of Egypt.
	Damascus surrenders to the Tatars.
	Timur sacks Baghdad.
1402	: 804 AH
	Timur defeats Bayazid I at the Battle of Ankara.
	Sulaiman I becomes the Ottoman sultan.
	Sultan Iskander Shah expels the Thais from Malaya.
1404	: 806 AH
	Timur embarks on an expedition to China.
1405	: 807 AH
	Timurlane dies en route to China; his son Shah Rukh succeeds him.
1406	: 809 AH
	Sultan Sikander Shah of Malaysia accepts Islam.
	The great Chinese Admiral Zheng Yi (commonly known as Admiral Ho), a Muslim, sails to Malaya, Indonesia, India, Persia, Yemen, East Africa and the Cape of Good Hope with a fleet of 50 great ships.
	Death of ibn Khaldun, author of Muqaddamah.
1409	: 812 AH
	Shah Rukh, heir to Timurlane, occupies Samarqand.
1410	: 813 AH
	Kara Yusuf establishes the Kara Kuyunlu kingdom around Tabriz, Persia.
	Death of Gaysu Daraz, Sufi shaykh of the Deccan, India.
1411	: 814 AH
	Sultan Iskander Shah of Malaya visits China at the invitation of the Chinese Emperor.
	Prince Mehmet begins the reconsolidation of the Ottoman Empire after the disastrous defeat in the Battle of Ankara.
1415	: 818 AH
	The Portuguese capture Ceuta in Morocco.
1420	: 823 AH
	Shah Rukh consolidates his hold on Persia.
1421	: 824 AH
	Murad II becomes Ottoman Sultan.
1422	: 825 AH
	Murad II lays unsuccessful siege to Constantinople.
1424	: 827 AH
	Death of Sultan Iskander Shah of Malaya.
1425	: 828 AH
	Tangier in Morocco, captured by the Portuguese.
1430	: 833 AH
	The Portuguese acquire the technology to sail against the wind from the Venetians.
1432	: 835 AH
	Portuguese captain Diaz sails around Cape Bajador in West Africa.
1434	: 837 AH
	Death of Shah Rukh. Persia disintegrates. The Kara Kuyunlu and Aq Kuyunlu expand their territories.
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1441	: 845 AH
	First slave raid by the Portuguese in southern Morocco directed against Muslims.
1443	: 847 AH
	The Portuguese capture the island of Tristao off the coast of West Africa, later to gain notoriety in the Atlantic slave trade.
1444	: 848 AH
	Ottomans armies march into Hungary.
	Murad II defeats combined armies of Hungary, Wallachia and Venice at the Battle of Varna.
	The Portuguese Lagos Company chartered under Prince Henry.
1445	: 849 AH
	Printing is introduced into Europe. Portuguese sailor Diaz sails around West Africa.
1451	: 855 AH
	Mehmet II becomes Ottoman Sultan.
	Shaykh Rahmat converts the Majapahit ruler (Indonesia) Raja Kertawijaya to Islam.
	Islam spreads rapidly in Java.
1453	: 857 AH
	Mehmet II conquerors Constantinople, renames it Istanbul and makes it the capital of the Ottoman Empire.
1455	: 859 AH
	The Venetians sail to the delta of the Gambia River.
1456	: 860 AH
	Mehmet II captures Athens, Greece.
	The Portuguese arrive at the mouth of the Gambia River.
1458	: 862 AH
	The Portuguese occupy the fortress of al Qasr, Morocco.
1460	: 864 AH
	King Alfonso of Portugal authorizes Fernao Gomes to explore the western coast of Africa.
1461	: 865 AH
	Leonardo da Vinci begins his work in Venice.
1463	: 867 AH
	Mehmet II conquers Bosnia. Mosque of Sultan Mehmet II constructed in Istanbul.
1465	: 869 AH
	Death of al Jazuli, Sufi Shaykh in Morocco.
1467	: 871 AH
	Herzegovina conquered by Mehmet II.
	Uzun Hassan, leader of Aq Quyunlu defeats Jehan Shah, leader of the Kara Quyunlu. Jehan Shah dies in battle.
1471	: 876 AH
	Tangiers occupied by Portugal.
	Portugal occupies Arzila on the West coast of Morocco.
1473	: 878 AH
	Ottoman Sultan Mehmet II defeats the Aq Kuyunlu Sultan Uzun Hassan. Portuguese captain Sequira sails to Benin, Nigeria.
1474	: 879 AH
	Commercial town of Kedah, in Indonesia, becomes Muslim.
1475	: 880 AH
	War between Spain and Portugal over rights to the Canary Islands.
1478	: 883 AH
	Kara Quli, a descendant of Jehan Shah, flees to India and establishes the Qutubshahi dynasty near Hyderabad.
	Death of Uzun Hassan, Aq Quyunlu Sultan.
	Turmoil in western Persia.
1479	: 884 AH
	Consolidation of Spain under Ferdinand and Isabella.
1480	: 885 AH
	The Ottomans capture the island of Rhodes.
1481	: 886 AH
	Bayazid II becomes Ottoman Sultan.
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1482	: 887 AH
	Ferdinand of Spain attacks al Hama.
1483	: 888 AH
	Civil wars in Granada.
	Ferdinand captures Malaga, Spain.
1484	: 889 AH
	The Portuguese appear at the delta of the Congo River.
1487	: 892 AH
	Portuguese sailor Diaz rounds the Cape of Good Hope.
1488	: 893 AH
	Malaga, one of the last Nasirid strongholds, falls to Castille.
1489	: 894 AH
	Adil Shah becomes Sultan of Bijapur, India
1490	: 895 AH
	Ferdinand lays siege to Granada, called Santa Fe (Holy Faith).
1492	: 897 AH
	Columbus discovers America.
	Granada falls to the Christians.
	Beginning of the Spanish Inquisition.
	The Jews are expelled from Spain.
	Sultan Bayazid II takes Hungary.
	Lodhi Sultanate established in Delhi.
	Death of Abdur Rahman Jami, well known Farsi poet.
1493	: 898 AH
	Abu Abdallah, commonly known as Boabdil, last emir of Granada, leaves Spain.
	Askiya Muhammed becomes Emperor of Songhay.
1494	: 899 AH
	At the Treaty of Tordesillas arranged by Pope Alexander VI, Portugal and Spain agree to divide up the world for conquest.
1495	: 900 AH
	Shaykh Putah introduces Islam into the Celebes islands and western New Guinea.
1496	: 901 AH
	Vasco da Gama, sails around the Cape of Good Hope and with the help of Muslim navigator Ahmed ibn Majid, discovers route to Malabar, India.
1497	: 902 AH
	Zahiruddin Babur loses Samarqand.
	Askiya Muhammed moves the capital of Songhay to Gao on the Niger River.
1499	: 904 AH
	Ottoman navy defeats the Venetians, takes Lepanto, off the coast of Greece.
1500	: 905 AH
	Muslims in Granada resist the Spanish Inquisition.
	Spain institutes forced slavery in Cuba.
1501	: 906 AH
	Shah Ismail I, with the help of the Safaviyya Sufi order, establishes the Safavid dynasty in Persia.
	The Uzbek Shaibani Khan evicts Zahiruddin Babur from Samarqand.
1502	: 907 AH
	Second voyage of Vasco da Gama to the Indian Ocean. The Portuguese bombard the city-states of East Africa, destroy the port city of Cochin, India and force the Raja of Cochin to expel Muslim traders.
	The Portuguese capture Shofala, East Africa.
	Leonardo da Vinci paints the Mona Lisa.
	Inquisition against the Muslims in Spain.
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1504	: 910 AH
	Babur takes Kabul, Afghanistan.
	Death of al Maghili, influential thinker from North Africa.
1505	: 911 AH
	Spain occupies Mars al Kabir, Algeria.
	The Portuguese occupy Agadir Morocco and build the fort of Santa Cruz.
	Portuguese captain Almeida raids Kilwa, Tanzania.
1507	: 913 AH
	The Portuguese occupy Safi, Morocco.
	The Portuguese occupy Bab el Mandap at the entrance to the Red Sea.
1508	: 914 AH
	A Mamluke fleet defeats the Portuguese off the coast of Chaul near modern Karachi.
	Spain occupies Oran, Algeria.
1509	: 915 AH
	The Mamlukes defeat the Portuguese navy off the coast of Yemen.
	Shah Ismail I defeats the Uzbek Shaibani Khan at the Battle of Merv.
	Spain occupies Bogie, Tunisia.
	The first batch of slaves bought in Lisbon for transportation to America.
1511	: 917 AH
	The Portuguese take Goa, India, and make it the capital of their operations in the Indian Ocean.
	The Inquisition is instituted against Hindus and Muslim in India.
	Spain destroys Tripoli, Libya.
	The Ottomans crush a Qazilbash uprising in eastern Anatolia at the Battle of Sivas.
1512	: 918 AH
	Selim I becomes Ottoman Sultan.
	The Portuguese capture the Straits of Malacca.
	Tlemcen in North Africa becomes a protectorate of Spain.
	The Uzbeks defeat the Safavids at the Battle of Khuzduvan and take Khorasan.
1514	: 920 AH
	Ottoman Sultan Selim I defeats Shah Ismail I at the Battle of Chaldiran.
1515	: 921 AH
	The Portuguese capture the Straits of Hormuz in Persia.
	The Portuguese control the entire Atlantic coastline of Morocco.
	First shipload of sugar from Cuba arrives in Spain.
1516	: 922 AH
	The Portuguese occupy Bahrain and Oman.
	The Ottomans capture Mosul.
	Ottoman Sultan Selim I defeats the Mamlukes at the Battle of Marj Dabik in Syria.
1517	: 923 AH
	Selim I occupies Cairo.
	Egypt becomes a province of the Ottoman Empire.
	The Caliphate moves to Istanbul.
	Selim I becomes the first Ottoman Caliph of Islam.
	Muhammed al Mahdi becomes Sa’adid Sultan of Morocco.
	Martin Luther begins Protestant reformation in Germany.
	The Portuguese capture Colombo, Sri Lanka.
	The King of Spain grants license to import African slaves into America.
	Ibrahim Lodhi becomes Sultan of Delhi.
1519	: 925 AH
	Death of Leonardo da Vinci.
	Mexican silver flows into Europe.
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1520	: 926 AH
	Sulaiman the Magnificent becomes Ottoman Sultan.
1521	: 927 AH
	Sulaiman captures Belgrade.
	Cortez destroys the Aztec Empire of Mexico.
1522	: 928 AH
	Sulaiman captures Rhodes. Spain captures Central America.
1525	: 931 AH
	Death of Safavid Shah Ismail I.
	Tahmasp I becomes Safavid ruler of Persia.
	Babur takes Lahore, Pakistan.
	Sulaiman the Magnificent orders a reorganization of the Ottoman fleet to challenge the Spaniards and the Portuguese.
1526	: 932 AH
	Babur captures Delhi; the Moghul dynasty is born. Sulaiman the Magnificent defeats the Hungarians at the Battle of Mohacs.
1527	: 933 AH
	Babur defeats Rajput armies at the Battle of Khanua.
1528	: 934 AH
	Sultan Sulaiman captures the city of Buda in Hungary.
	Askiya Muhammed becomes blind and is deposed as the Emperor of Songhay.
1529	: 935 AH
	Sultan Sulaiman lays siege to Vienna, Austria.
1530	: 936 AH
	Death of Zahiruddin Babur. His son Humayun ascends the Moghul throne in Delhi.
	The Englishman William Hawkins raids the Ivory Coast.
1534	: 940 AH
	Khairuddin, admiral of the Ottoman fleets, recaptures Tunis.
	Henry VIII takes the Church of England out of the orbit of Rome.
1535	: 941 AH
	Sulaiman Pasha, Ottoman governor of Egypt, drives the Portuguese from Yemen.
	The English Parliament passes laws against loitering in London.
	John Calvin preaches the Protestant Reformation in Switzerland.
	Stock Exchange is established in London.
1536	: 943 AH
	Khairuddin raids Valencia, Spain.
1537	: 944 AH
	Khairuddin captures Otranto, Italy and threatens Rome.
1538	: 945 AH
	Khairuddin victorious over combined navies of Venice and the Vatican at the Battle of Prevesa.
1540	: 947 AH
	Spain colonizes the Philippines.
	Destruction of religious relics in England. Beginning of the end of feudalism in England.
	Sher Shah Suri defeats Moghul Emperor Humayun and displaces him from the throne of Delhi until 1555.
1541	: 948 AH
	Charles V of Spain strikes at the Algerian coast.
	Ottoman Admiral Khairuddin takes Otranto, Italy.
	Muhammed al Saadi drives the Portuguese from the fort of Santa Cruz in Morocco.
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1542	: 949 AH
	Increasing tribal warfare in West Africa.
1546	: 953 AH
	Death of Khairuddin. Piri Rais becomes admiral of Ottoman navies.
1550	: 957 AH
	Kingdom of Acheh in Indonesia is founded. Islam spreads in the Archipelago.
1551	: 958 AH
	The Ottomans reclaim Tripoli.
	Piri Rais challenges the Portuguese blockage of the Straits of Hormuz.
1553	: 960 AH
	Thomas Wyndham of England raids the coast of West Africa.
1554	: 961 AH
	John Lock of England raids the Ivory Coast.
1557	: 964 AH
	The Ottomans occupy Masawa, Eritrea.
1558	: 965 AH
	Akbar becomes Moghul Emperor of India.
1560	: 967 AH
	Akbar adds Malwa, Chitoor, Rathambur, Gujrat and Bengal to the Moghul Empire (1560-1574).
	Abul Fazal and Faizi, well known writers, grace the Moghul court.
	Akbar surrounds himself with the “seven gems”; men of outstanding capabilities, including the musician Tan Sen and the Finance Minister Raja Todar Mal.
1561	: 968 AH
	Piri Rais prepares an accurate map of the Atlantic seaboard.
	The Ottomans destroy a Spanish fleet at the Battle of Djerba.
1562	: 969 AH
	Akbar marries Jodha Bai, princess of Amber, Rajasthan.
1563	: 970 AH
	First English fortifications off the coasts of New Guinea.
1564	: 971 AH
	Spain occupies the Philippines.
1565	: 972 AH
	Battle of Telekote, India. The combined forces of Bijapur, Golkunda, Bidar and Gulbarga defeat the armies of Vijayanagar in southern India.
	Piri Rais undertakes unsuccessful siege of Malta.
	Akbar, the Great Moghul, captures Gujrat.
	John Hawkins of England conducts slave raids on Sierra Leone.
	Sulaiman the Magnificent passes away
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1566	: 973 AH
	Muslims in Spain rebel against forced conversion to Catholicism.
1571	: 979 AH
	Battle of Lepanto. Combined navies of Spain, Venice, Austria and the Vatican defeat the Ottoman navy and occupy Tunis. Ottoman naval advance into the western Mediterranean is halted.
1572	: 980 AH
	The Ottomans reclaim Tunis.
	The Dutch gain their independence from Spain.
1573	: 981 AH
	The Moghul Emperor Akbar authorizes the construction of four large temples in Mathura.
1576	: 984 AH
	The Ottomans advance through Algeria and take the city of Fez in Morocco.
1578	: 986 AH
	Battle of Al Qasr al Kabir. The Sa’adid Sultan Ahmed al Mansur crushes the Portuguese army. King Sebastian of Portugal is killed. Morocco remains independent. Ottoman westward advance is halted.
1579	: 987 AH
	Akbar, the Great Moghul, completes the construction of a new city, Fatehpur Sikri. He starts ecumenical discussions with all religious faiths in the Ibadat Khana.
1580	: 988 AH
	Ottoman Admiral Ali Beg raids Portuguese positions in East Africa.
	Skirmishes between the Empire of Songhay and the Sa’adids of Morocco over the salt mines of Taodini.
	Portugal becomes a protectorate of Spain.
1581	: 989 AH
	Akbar, the Great Moghul, moves to Lahore, and adds Kashmir, Sindh, Baluchistan and southern Afghanistan to his empire.
	Akbar completes the construction of a Jami Masjid in Peshawar.
	Queen Elizabeth I sends Harborne as ambassador to Istanbul to seek trade relations with the Ottomans.
1585	: 993 AH
	War between the Safavids and the Ottomans for control of Iraq and Azerbaijan.
1587	: 995 AH
	Pope Sixtus V authorizes a Catholic crusade against England.
	The English defeat the Scots. Consolidation of Britain under the English throne.
1588	: 996 AH
	Shah Abbas becomes Safavid emperor of Persia.
	The Spanish armada is destroyed off the coast of England.
	Death of Sinan, architect of Sulaimaniye and Shehzade mosques in Turkey.
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1590	: 998 AH
	William Shakespeare writes in England.
1591	: 999 AH
	The Bohras emerge as a sub-branch of the Fatimids.
1592	: 1000 AH
	The Sa’adids of Morocco invade the Songhay Empire. A strong force under Judar Pasha destroys Timbaktu.
1596	: 1004 AH
	Akbar captures Ahmednagar in the Deccan, India.
1598	: 1006 AH
	A second Spanish attempt to conquer England ends in failure.
1600	: 1008 AH
	Dutch ascendancy in the Atlantic. The Atlantic slave trade gathers momentum.
	The British East India Company is granted a charter by Queen Elizabeth I.
1602	: 1010 AH
	Shah Abbas drives the Portuguese from Bahrain.
	The Dutch East India Company is formed.
1603	: 1012 AH
	Death of Queen Elizabeth I.
1605	: 1014 AH
	Death of Moghul Emperor Akbar.
1609	: 1018 AH
	Final expulsion of Muslims from Spain.
1615	: 1024 AH
	The Dutch capture the Straits of Malacca from the Portuguese.
	Thomas Roe arrives in India as British ambassador to the Moghul court.
	Galileo is tried by the Church for his view that the earth is not the center of the universe.
1619	: 1028 AH
	The Dutch East India Company obtains trading rights on the island of Java.
	Thomas Roe obtains a farman from the Great Moghul Jehangir granting Britain trading rights in India.
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1620	: 1029 AH
	Sufi doctrines spread to East Asia.
	The Pilgrims land at Port Plymouth, Massachusetts.
1622	: 1031 AH
	Shah Abbas I, with the help of the British navy, expels the Portuguese from the Straits of Hormuz. The British obtain trading rights in Persia.
1623	: 1032 AH
	Murad IV becomes Ottoman Sultan.
1624	: 1033 AH
	Death of Shaykh Ahmed Sirhindi, referred to as Mujaddid alf e Thani (Reformer of the Second Millennium). He expounded the doctrine of Wahdat as Shahada.
1626	: 1035 AH
	The Dutch establish themselves in New Amsterdam (New York).
1627	: 1036 AH
	Shah Jehan, Moghul Emperor of India.
1630	: 1039 AH
	Death of German Astronomer Johann Kepler.
1635	: 1045 AH
	Death of Mian Pir of Lahore, teacher of Dara Shikoh, son of Shah Jehan.
	Emperor Shah Jehan expels the Portuguese from Bengal.
1638	: 1048 AH
	Shah Jehan builds a new capital at Delhi. Construction of the Jami Masjid in Delhi.
1639	: 1049 AH
	The British East India Company establishes a factory at Madras.
1640	: 1050 AH
	Armed rivalry between Britain, France and the Dutch for control of the slave trade.
	Portugal gains its independence from Spain.
	The Dutch capture Sri Lanka.
	The British East India Company establishes a factory at Calcutta.
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1641	: 1051 AH
	Sultana Tajul Alam Safiyyiatuddin rules as Queen of Acheh. She is the first of four queens to rule over the northern part of Sumatra.
	The Dutch capture Cochin on the West coast of India.
1642	: 1052 AH
	The Dutch establish a colony at Masulipatam on the East coast of India.
1643	: 1053 AH
	War between Venice and the Ottomans for control of Crete.
1648	: 1058 AH
	Shah Jehan completes the Taj Mahal, the most celebrated monument to love, for his wife Mumtaz Mahal.
	The Portuguese recapture Brazil from the Dutch.
1655	: 1065 AH
	The Kurpulu brothers Mehmet Pasha and Fazil Ahmed revitalize the Ottoman administration (1655-1676).
1658	: 1068 AH
	Aurangzeb becomes the Moghul Emperor.
1659	: 1069 AH
	End of the Sa’adid dynasty in Morocco.
1660	: 1070 AH
	Isaac Newton revolutionizes physics.
1664	: 1074 AH
	The British seize New Amsterdam, rename it New York.
	The Battle of St. Gotthard between the Ottomans and the European “Holy League” ends in a stalemate.
1666	: 1076 AH
	The Qur’an is translated into the Malay language.
1668	: 1079 AH
	King Charles II of England sells Bombay to the East India Company.
1676	: 1087 AH
	Kara Mustafa Pasha becomes grand vizier in Istanbul.
1677	: 1088 AH
	War between Russia and the Ottomans over access to the Black Sea.
1683	: 1094 AH
	The second siege of Vienna ends in failure. The Ottomans lose Hungary.
1686	: 1097 AH
	The Hapsburgs advance through Hungary towards Belgrade.
	The British make an attempt to capture the port of Chittagong in India and are beaten back by Moghul forces.
1687	: 1098 AH
	The Ottomans are defeated at the second Battle of Mohacs.
1694	: 1105 AH
	The Bank of England advances a perpetual loan of 1.2 million pounds to the British Crown in return for the privilege of putting its own notes into circulation.
1696	: 1107 AH
	Peter of Russia captures the strategic fortress of Azov from the Ottomans.
	The Sultan of Oman recaptures Fort Jesus of Mombasa from the Portuguese.
1707	: 1119 AH
	Death of Aurangzeb. The Moghul Empire begins to disintegrate.
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1708	: 1120 AH
	The assassination of Guru Gobind Singh sets off Sikh revolts against Moghul rule in India.
1713	: 1125 AH
	The British displace the Dutch as the most powerful force in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans.
1722	: 1134 AH
	Tahmasp II, last Safavid ruler of Persia ascends the Persian throne.
	Nizam ul Mulk is appointed the Subedar of Hyderabad.
1736	: 1149 AH
	Nadir Shah becomes Emperor of Persia, displaces the Safavid Tahmasp II.
1739	: 1152 AH
	Nadir Shah of Persia invades India, sacks Delhi, and carries off the Peacock Throne.
1740	: 1153 AH
	Shaykh ibn Abdul Wahhab starts his movement in Najd, Arabia.
1741	: 1154 AH
	Ahmed ibn Said becomes Sultan of Oman and Zanzibar and attempts to build a strong navy.
1746	: 1159 AH
	Muhammed ibn Saud establishes the Saudi dynasty near Riyadh.
1754	: 1167 AH
	The French General Dupleix leaves India. France loses the contest for control of Indian trade to the British.
1756	: 1169 AH
	Anglo-French wars in India and America (1756-63). The British are victorious over the French.
1757	: 1170 AH
	The Battle of Plassey. The British gain control of Bengal, India.
1758	: 1171 AH
	The Industrial Revolution in England gains momentum, fueled by the loot from Bengal.
	The Marathas occupy Lahore; oust Timur, son of Nadir Shah of Kabul.
1761	: 1174 AH
	Third Battle of Panipat near Delhi. The Afghans under Ahmed Shah Abdali defeat Maratha armies.
1762	: 1175 AH
	Death of Shah Waliullah of Delhi, leading reformer.
1763	: 1176 AH
	The Treaty of Paris. The French give up their interests in India and America.
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1764	: 1177 AH
	The British starve the Begums of Oudh, India, to surrender their jewels.
	Battle of Buxor. The British defeat the combined armies of Oudh, Bengal and Delhi.
1765	: 1178 AH
	The British wage a brutal campaign against the Afghans of Rohilla in India.
1767	: 1181 AH
	The First Mysore War (1767-68). Tippu Sultan and his father Hyder Ali force the British to sue for peace.
1772	: 1186 AH
	The British Parliament abolishes the slave trade.
1776	: 1190 AH
	The Colonies declare independence in America. The American War of Independence (1776-83) follows.
1780	: 1194 AH
	The Second Mysore War. Tippu Sultan defeats the British at the Battle of Pollipur.
1781	: 1195 AH
	George Washington defeats General Cornwallis at the Battle of Saratoga. Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown, retires to England, is hired by the East India Company, and is sent to battle Tippu Sultan of Mysore.
1787	: 1201 AH
	Death of Shaykh ibn Abdul Wahhab of Arabia.
1789	: 1203 AH
	The Third Mysore War (1789-91). Cornwallis forces Tippu Sultan to cede half of his Territory; takes Tippu’s children as hostage.
	Beginning of the French Revolution.
1793	: 1207 AH
	The British Permanent Settlement Act imposes feudal landlords upon Bengal.
1798	: 1213 AH
	Napoleon lands in Egypt and is victorious at the Battle of the Pyramids.
	The British capture Colombo from the Dutch.
1799	: 1214 AH
	Napoleon corresponds with Tippu Sultan of Mysore and the Sultan of Oman about an invasion of India.
	Tippu Sultan falls at the Battle of Srirangapatam.
	Napoleon is defeated by Nelson at the Battle of Trafalgar and is forced to withdraw from Egypt.
1801	: 1216 AH
	The Wahhabis raid Karbala. Wahhabi movement spreads to Iraq. The Wahhabis raid the Hejaz.
1803	: 1218 AH
	Muhammed Ali becomes the Ottoman governor of Egypt; starts a long series of reforms.
	The Marathas in Poona, India, sue for peace with the British.
	Denmark abolishes the slave trade.
	Emir Abdul Aziz of Najd captures Mecca.
1805	: 1220 AH
	Muhammed Ali becomes the Pasha of Egypt.
1806	: 1221 AH
	British armies enter Delhi.
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1807	: 1222 AH
	Uthman dan Fuduye establishes the Sokoto Caliphate.
	Muhammed Ali Pasha beats back a British attempt to seize Alexandria, Egypt.
1808	: 1223 AH
	The United States abolishes the slave trade.
1812	: 1227 AH
	Muhammed Ali of Egypt recaptures Mecca and Hejaz from the Wahhabis (1812-15).
1817	: 1232 AH
	Death of Uthman dan Fuduye, mujahid in West Africa.
	Muhammed Bello becomes Caliph of the Sokoto Empire.
1818	: 1233 AH
	Holland abolishes the slave trade.
1821	: 1236 AH
	Greek war against the Ottomans.
1827	: 1242 AH
	Naval Battle of Navarino pits European axis against the Ottomans.
	Shaykh Ahmed Lobo establishes the kingdom of Lobo in West Africa.
1828	: 1243 AH
	War between Russia and the Ottomans over control of the Black Sea. Russia advances into Anatolia.
1830	: 1246 AH
	Greece breaks off from the Ottoman Empire.
	France occupies Algiers.
1834	: 1250 AH
	Beginning of Muslim resistance to the Russians in Daghestan, Crimea and the Caucasus.
1835	: 1251 AH
	The Ottomans defeat the French at Malta.
	The British replace Persian with English in the higher courts in India.
1837	: 1253 AH
	Sanusiya Sufi brotherhood is founded in North Africa.
1838	: 1254 AH
	British invasion of Afghanistan ends in failure.
1839	: 1255 AH
	Abdul Mecit I becomes Ottoman Sultan.
	Beginning of Tanzimat reforms in the Ottoman Empire.
1840	: 1256 AH
	France starts colonization of Algeria.
1846	: 1262 AH
	The Bank Act of 1846 in England confers legal recognition on the negotiability of credit documents.
1848	: 1264 AH
	Nasiruddin Shah ascends the throne of Persia.
1850	: 1266 AH
	The Bahai schism starts in Persia.
1851	: 1267 AH
	The British build a railroad linking Alexandria with Suez (1851-54).
1853	: 1269 AH
	The Tijaniya Sufi brotherhood is established in West Africa.
	Beginning of the Crimean War. Britain and France support the Ottomans against Russia.
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1854	: 1270 AH
	Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt grants a concession to French Engineer Ferdinand de Lesseps to build the Suez Canal. Egypt borrows funds from international bankers to complete the canal.
	The Ottomans take their first loan from international bankers.
1856	: 1272 AH
	End of the Crimean war between Russia and the Ottomans.
1857	: 1273 AH
	The Sepoy Uprising in India. After initial successes, the Uprising is crushed by the British. End of Moghul rule. The British exile the last Moghul Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar to Rangoon, Burma.
1858	: 1274 AH
	The Russians capture Imam Shamil, Naqshbandi Imam in Daghestan. End of Muslim resistance in Chechnya and Daghestan.
1859	: 1275 AH
	Death of Muhammed al Sanusi, Reformer, Sufi Shaykh of Libya.
1860	: 1276 AH
	Alhajj Omar resists French colonization in Sene-Gambia.
1861	: 1277 AH
	American Civil War (1861-65). The price of Egyptian cotton soars in world markets.
1863	: 1280 AH
	Abraham Lincoln proclaims the abolition of slavery.
1869	: 1286 AH
	The Suez Canal opens with much fanfare.
	The price of Egyptian cotton drops precipitously. Egyptian public debt mounts.
	Tunisia falters on debt payments to European bankers. The International Debt Commission for Tunisia assumes control over Tunisian finances.
1871	: 1288 AH
	A unified Germany emerges as the most powerful continental power in Europe.
1873	: 1290 AH
	The Dutch capture the Kingdom of Acheh in Sumatra. Beginning of Dutch colonial rule in Indonesia.
1874	: 1291 AH
	Syed Ahmed Khan founds the Aligarh College in India.
1875	: 1292 AH
	Egypt sells off its share in the Suez Canal Company to the British to partially offset its debts.
1876	: 1293 AH
	Abdul Hamid II becomes the Ottoman Sultan and Caliph. He starts consolidation of ties with Muslim peoples worldwide.
	Egypt falters on debt payments. Britain and France appoint a Commission on Egyptian Public Debt with the power to confiscate revenues.
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1877	: 1294 AH
	Russia invades the Ottoman Empire (1877-78). Russian troops advance to within ten miles of Istanbul and dictate capitulation terms to the Turks at the Treaty of San Stefano.
1878	: 1295 AH
	Egypt is forced by Britain and France to accept international control over her finances.
	Treaty of Berlin results in effective dissolution of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans.
	Britain occupies Cyprus.
1879	: 1296 AH
	Britain and France force Khedive Ismail Pasha of Egypt to abdicate in favor of his son Tawfiq Pasha. Sultan Abdul Hamid acquiesces in the abdication.
1880	: 1297 AH
	The French, in violation of the Treaty of Berlin, occupy Tunisia and declare it a “protectorate”.
1881	: 1298 AH
	Egyptian nationalists under Ahmed Torabi Pasha stage protests against foreign control.
1882	: 1299 AH
	The British bombard Alexandria into submission, defeat the Egyptians at the Battle of Tel el Kabir and occupy Cairo.
	The Mahdi seizes Khartoum and establishes a Caliphate in the Sudan.
1885	: 1302 AH
	The British storm Khartoum. Death of al Mahdi of the Sudan.
	An Englishman, Allan Hume, founds the Indian National Congress.
1888	: 1305 AH
	Ghulam Mirza Ahmed starts the Ahmadiya schism in Punjab, India. The movement draws strong opposition from the ulema.
1891	: 1308 AH
	The Tobacco Concession touches off an uproar in Persia. Peaceful boycott of tobacco, under a fatwa from Hajji Mirza Hassan Shirazi, forces the Shah to rescind the Concession.
1896	: 1314 AH
	Nasiruddin Shah of Persia is assassinated.
1901	: 1319 AH
	Abdul Aziz ibn Saud captures Riyadh.
1906	: 1324 AH
	All India Muslim League is founded.
1907	: 1325 AH
	Death of Muzaffaruddin Shah of Persia. His son Muhammed Ali Mirza becomes the Shah. The first Majlis is elected in Persia.
	The Young Turks Movement in Turkey gathers momentum.
1908	: 1326 AH
	Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia-Herzegovina.
	Constitutional revolution in Persia. Muhammed Ali Shah of Persia is deposed. His young son Ahmed Mirza becomes the Shah.
1909	: 1327 AH
	Sultan Abdul Hamid II is deposed by the Young Turks.
	Mehmet V becomes the Sultan.
1911	: 1329 AH
	The Sanusi brotherhood resists the Italian invasion of Libya.
1912	: 1330 AH
	Muhammadiya movement is organized in Indonesia.
	Egypt becomes a British protectorate.
1913	: 1331 AH
	The Balkan war begins. Serbia, Greece and Bulgaria invade Ottoman territories. Albania becomes independent. The Ottomans are forced to withdraw from most of the Balkans.
1914	: 1332 AH
	A Serb in Sarajevo murders Prince Francis Ferdinand of Austria. Austria declares war on Serbia.
	Russia declares war on Austria.
	Germany declares war on Russia.
	France and England declare war on Germany.
	The Triple Entente powers (Britain, France and Russia) declare war on the Ottomans.
	Beginning of World War I.
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1915	: 1333 AH
	The Ottomans contain British advances in Iraq and beat back attempts to capture Baghdad and Istanbul.
1916	: 1334 AH
	The British promise to set up a unified Arab state.
	Sharif Hussain declares himself king of Hejaz, attacks Ottoman garrisons in Arabia.
	Lawrence of Arabia, a British intelligence officer, works with the Arabs.
	The Sykes-Picot agreement divides up the Ottoman territories between England, France, Russia, Greece and Italy.
1917	: 1335 AH
	Anglo Indian troops under Allenby capture Baghdad and Jerusalem.
	The Balfour Declaration promises to set up a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
	The French take Beirut.
	Germany releases the Bolshevik leader Lenin to pressure Russia to drop out of the War.
	The United States enters the War.
	The Russian army begins to collapse on the western front. The October Revolution brings the Bolsheviks to power. Russia pulls out of the War.
1918	: 1336 AH
	Mehmet VI becomes Ottoman Sultan.
	Damascus falls to British Forces.
	Germany and the Ottoman Empire capitulate. End of World War I.
	The Wafd movement starts in Egypt.
1919	: 1337 AH
	The victorious allies partition the Ottoman Empire.
	Greece invades Anatolia.
1920	: 1338 AH
	French mandate over Syria.
	British mandate over Iraq and Palestine.
	The Greeks capture Alashehir, Bahkesir, Bandarma and Bursa.
	The Turks stop the Greeks at the Battle of Ankara.
1921	: 1339 AH
	The British appoint Abdullah, son of Sharif Hussain, as emir of Trans Jordan.
	Faisal, another son of Hussain, is appointed emir of Iraq.
	The Turks are victorious over the Greeks at the Battle of the Sakarya River. Greece retreats from Anatolia.
1922	: 1340 AH
	Abdul Mecit II becomes Ottoman Sultan.
	Mustafa Kemal becomes President of the Republic of Turkey.
1924	: 1342 AH
	The Turkish National Assembly abolishes the Caliphate
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1927	: 1345 AH
	Tablighi Jamaat reform movement founded in India
1928	: 1346 AH
	Ikhwan al-Muslimin (Muslim Brothers) founded in Egypt
1941	: 1360 AH
	Jamaat-i Islami reform movement founded in Lahore, India
1945	: 1364 AH
	Indonesia becomes independent republic
	Islam spreads to the West with mass migrations from Asia, Africa and India
1947	: 1366 AH
	Pakistan founded as an Islamic nation. Islam becomes a minority religion in India
1957	: 1376 AH
	Independent Malayan state established with Islam as the official religion but guaranteed tolerance
1960	: 1379 AH
	Familes from SE Asia and North Africa emigrate to Europe and the Americas
1979	: 1399 AH
	Shah of Iran is overthrown by Ayatullah Ruhullah Khumayni, who establishes strict fundamentalist rule of Shi'a principles
1990	: 1410 AH
	Taliban come to power in Afghanistan
2001	: 1422 AH
	Muslim extremists attack the United States
2003	: 1424 AH
	Saddam Hussien ousted by Western forces
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Malé : Maldives
Asia

Population of Maldives .. 521,457 ( 2021 ) .. 100% Muslim

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Muslim

For Taiwan, Indonesia is the largest source of foreign migrant workers. In 2012, there are around 185,000 Indonesian migrant workers in Taiwan, ranked as the largest among Southeast Asian migrant workers there, which equal to 42 percent of total foreign workforce in Taiwan. Their number is continually increasing, as in January 2011, the Agreements on the Placement of Indonesian Manpower in Taiwan was signed.^[1] In 2014, the figure raised to 190,000 Indonesian laborers out of total 450,000 foreign workers in Taiwan. Indonesian President Joko Widodo has praised Taiwan for its friendly treatment of Indonesian workers.

In Taiwan, employers can be fined if they force Muslim workers to come into contact with pork, something forbidden by the Muslim religion that most Indonesians profess. In Chiayi City, a couple was fined for doing that to an Indonesian worker, in addition to other offences such as an imposing a long workday, and threats of deportation.^[3]

In 2013, an Indonesian worker, who is married to a local Taiwanese man, built a mosque called the At-Taqwa Mosque in Dayuan Township, Taoyuan County(now Dayuan District, Taoyuan City) to support the growing number of Muslims, especially from the Indonesian workers community.

At-Taqwa Mosque in Dayuan District, Taoyuan City.

An-Nur Tongkang Mosque in Donggang Township, Pingtung County. ... also built by Indonesian workers

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الجزء ٢ سورة البقرة ٢

٣١

ﭑﭒﭓﭔﭕﭖﭗﭘﭙﭚ

1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10

ﭛﭜﭝﭞﭟﭠﭡﭢﭣﭤﭥ

1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10

ﭦﭧﭨﭩﭪﭫﭬﭭﭮﭯ

1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10

ﭰﭱﭲﭳﭴﭵﭶ

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ﭷﭸﭹﭺﭻﭼﭽﭾ

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ﭿﮀﮁﮂﮃﮄﮅ

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ﮆﮇﮈﮉﮊﮋﮌ

1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10

ﮍﮎﮏﮐﮑﮒﮓﮔ

1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10

ﮕﮖﮗﮘﮙﮚﮛﮜﮝ

1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10

ﮞﮟﮠﮡﮢﮣ

1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10

ﮤﮥﮦﮧﮨﮩﮪﮫ

1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10

ﮬﮭﮮﮯﮰﮱﯓﯔﯕﯖ

1|2|3|4|5|6|7|8|9|10

ﯗﯘﯙﯚﯛﯜﯝﯞﯟ

ﯠﯡﯢﯣﯤﯥﯦﯧ

ﯨﯩﯪﯫﯬﯭﯮﯯﯰﯱ

they are
mereka itulah|for them
untuk mereka|part
bahagian|from what
dari apa|they do
mereka kerjakan||and Allah
dan Allah|swift
cepat|His reckoning
perhitungannya|202

312 - Al-Baqarah

DAILY MOTIVATION...................more

Quranic Knowledge

Dakwah Knowledge

Geo - Mosque News & Stay...more

Red Mosque, Colombo

Hist - Mosque News & Stay

The Masjid-i Jami of Herat, the city's first congregational mosque, was built on the site of two smaller Zoroastrian fire temples that were destroyed by earthquake and fire. A mosque was begun by the Ghurid ruler Ghiyas ad-Din Ghori in 1200 (597 AH), and, after his death, the building was continued by his brother and successor Muhammad of Ghor. This is confirmed both by an inscription on the eastern Ghurid portal uncovered in 1964 during a restoration, and by the sixteenth century Timurid historian Khwandamirin his Khulasat al-Akhbar.

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Under Uthman's leadership, the Islamic empire expanded into Fars (present-day Iran) in 650, and some areas of Khorasan (present-day Afghanistan) in 651. In 651, Uthman sent Abdullah ibn Aamir, the governor of Bosra, to re-conquer Khorasan ( Iran, Afghanistan & Turkmenistan )

In 651, Uthman sent Abdullah ibn Aamir, the governor of Bosra, to re-conquer Khorasan. Abdullah ibn Aamir marched with a large force from Bosra to Khorasan. After capturing the main forts in Khorasan, he sent many columns in various directions in Khorasan, the strategy was to avoid the Persians and to gather together in a large force. The town of Bayak, in modern-day Afghanistan, was taken by force but the Muslim commander fell fighting in the battle. After Bayak, the Muslims marched towards Tabisan, which was captured with little resistance. Next, after a long siege, the army captured the city of Nishapur. From there the army captured other small towns in the Khurassan region. After consolidating their position in most of Khurassan, they marched towards Herat in Afghanistan, which surrendered peacefully. After getting control of the region the Muslims marched towards the city of Mary, in modern-day Turkmenistan. The city surrendered along with other towns of the region except one, Sang, which was later taken by force. The campaign in Khorasan ended with the conquest of Balkh in 654.

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V : 531-532 User Guide
H : 11-12

Geo - MOSQUE NEWS & Stay

Dari Kiri - Ali Sideqi, ahli jamaah Tabligh yg aktif di Taipei. Heavy machinery expoter Boleh berbahasa English,Chinese, Melayu dan Urdu - Fatimah Sideqi, isteri pada Ali Sideqi, Taiwanese Chinese Revert Dah dapat 2 anak - Nik Mastura, isteri dr Hasnan - Dr Hasnan - Cheng Hou Peng (Kelvin), Sale Rep Alcon, syarikat pengeluar kanta tiruan mengiringi dr hasnan merayakan aidul adha di Taipei Grand Mosque, Taiwan

The Taipei Grand Mosque (Chinese: 台北清真寺; pinyin: Táiběi Qīngzhēnsì; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-pak Chheng-chin-sī) is the largest and most famous mosque in Taiwan with a total area of 2,747 square meters.^[4] Located in the Da'an district of Taipei City, it is Taiwan's most important Islamic structure and was registered as a historic landmark on 29 June 1999 by the Taipei City Government.^[2]

First building

After the handover of Taiwan from Japan to China in 1945, the Chinese Muslim Association (CMA) in Nanking appointed Chang Zichun (常子春), Wang Jingzhai(王靜齋) and Zheng Houren (鄭厚仁) to form the preparatory committee of the CMA branch in Taiwan on 23 December 1947.

Later, since many Chinese Muslims that came to Taiwan could not find any place to pray, they raised money to build the very first mosque in Taiwan. They built the mosque at No. 2, Lane 17, Lishui Street (麗水街), Da'an District, Taipei City. The land was donated by Chang Tze-chun and Cheng Hou-ren.^[5] Muslims from Mainland China started to pray in that mosque in August 1948. With the growing number of Chinese Muslims with the KMT government, the mosque suddenly became too small to accommodate the growing number of worshipers, therefore they had to look for a new bigger place to rebuild the mosque.^[2]

No. 2, Lane 17, Lishui Street now houses an apartment building.^[6]

Current building

Bai Chongxi

Bai Chongxi (18 March 1893 – 1 December 1966; Chinese: 白崇禧; pinyin: Bái Chóngxǐ; Wade–Giles: Pai Ch'ung-hsi; IPA: [pɑ́ɪ̯ t͡ʂʰʊ́ŋɕǐ], Xiao'erjing: ﺑَﻰْ ﭼْﻮ ثِ‎) was a Chinese general in the National Revolutionary Army of the Republic of China (ROC) and a prominent Chinese Nationalist leader.^[1] He was of Hui ethnicity and of the Muslim faith. From the mid-1920s to 1949, Bai and his close ally Li Zongren ruled Guangxi province as regional warlords with their own troops and considerable political autonomy. His relationship with Chiang Kai-shek was at various times antagonistic and cooperative. He and Li Zongren supported the anti-Chiang warlord alliance in the Central Plains War in 1930, then supported Chiang in the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Chinese Civil War. Bai was the first defense minister of the Republic of China from 1946-48. After losing to the Communists in 1949, he fled to Taiwan, where he died in 1966.

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In the latter part of the 1950s after the end of Chinese Civil War and the relocation of the Nationalist Government from Mainland China to Taiwan, Director-General of the CMA Bai Chongxi and ROC Minister of Foreign Affairs George Yeh proposed the construction of a bigger Islamic-style mosque which was designed by the famous architect Yang Cho-cheng who also designed the Grand Hotel, Chiang Kai-shek Memorial Hall, National Theater and Concert Halland other several landmarks in Taiwan.^[7] Under the leader Bai Chongxi, director-general Shi Zizhou (時子周) and the board chairman Chang Zixuan (常子萱), the mosque was constructed by the Continental Engineering Corporation on a 2,747 m² land donated by the government at the Xinsheng South Street (新生南路). ROC Vice President Chen Cheng led the inauguration ceremony of the mosque on 13 April 1960.

The cost of the construction was covered by the CMA with funding of $150,000 from the Shah of Iran and King of Jordan, $100,000 loaned by the Kuomintanggovernment and loan from the Bank of Taiwan. The congregation had already repaid half of the bank loan by that time when the ROC government decided to exempt them from having to repay the remaining.

The mosque has strong ties to Saudi Arabia which continues to provide financial support to the mosque. Visiting Saudi Imams come to preach at the mosque during Ramadan. In 1971 the mosque was visited by King Faisal.

The mosque has been visited by other head of states, such as King Hussein of Jordan, Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman of Malaysia and many other prominent Muslim leaders.

In 1999, the mosque faced a risk of being demolished to due a land dispute with a cement company. It was reported that the cement company declared having the ownership of land where the mosque is located. They attempted to dismantle the mosque in order to take back the land. However, under the concerned legislators of the area and from the assistance of Taipei City government under Taipei Mayor Ma Ying-jeou,^[9]^[10] the mosque was finally turned into a historic building as it may preserve diverse cultural development. However, the board of directors of the mosque still had to struggle to solve the land dispute.

Speaking at the mosque in December 2001 during Eid al-Fitr, Mayor Ma thanked the Indonesian workers for their contribution to Taiwan and gave them festive greeting. The mayor was spotted wearing Jinnah cap while greeting the workers and spoke a bit of Indonesian language. He cited that 20,000 among 36,000 foreign workers in Taipei were Indonesians, which had contributed much to the construction and household assistance of Taipei City. He also said that if all of those workers took the same day off, one-quarter of the city would be paralyzed.

On 25 December 2015, vice presidential candidate Wang Ju-hsuan visited the mosque as part of her election campaign.

Homestays : www.airbnb.com

Taipei Grand Mosque is located next to Daan Forest Park.

Taipei Grand Mosque : Daan Forest Park : Taipei 101

Daan Forest Park. Can you locate Taipei 101, used to be the tallest building in the world from 2004 - 2010

Can you locate Daan Forest Park ?

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Hist - MOSQUE NEWS & Stay

Xxx

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1. TAJWEED : TARANNUM

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2.TRANSLATIONS : COMMENTARIES

A....ARABIC

Tafsir Muyassar تفسير المیسر

Saheeh International

Basmeih

Ma Jian

Tafsir Muyassar تفسير المیسر : Saheeh International : Basmeih : Ma Jian
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Celik Tafsir
Tafsir Surah Baqarah Ayat 195 – 203 (Bab Haji)
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A.....ARABIC

Tafsir Muyassar : تفسير المیسر

١٩٧ الْحَجُّ أَشْهُرٌ مَعْلُومَاتٌ ۚ فَمَنْ فَرَضَ فِيهِنَّ الْحَجَّ فَلَا رَفَثَ وَلَا فُسُوقَ وَلَا جِدَالَ فِي الْحَجِّ ۗ وَمَا تَفْعَلُوا مِنْ خَيْرٍ يَعْلَمْهُ اللَّهُ ۗ وَتَزَوَّدُوا فَإِنَّ خَيْرَ الزَّادِ التَّقْوَىٰ ۚ وَاتَّقُونِ يَا أُولِي الْأَلْبَابِ

١٩٧ وقت الحج أشهر معلومات، وهي: شوال، وذو القعدة، وعشر من ذي الحجة. فمن أوجب الحج على نفسه فيهن بالإحرام، فيحرم عليه الجماع ومقدماته القولية والفعلية، ويحرم عليه الخروج عن طاعة الله تعالى بفعل المعاصي، والجدال في الحج الذي يؤدي إلى الغضب والكراهية. وما تفعلوا من خير يعلمه الله، فيجازي كلا على عمله. وخذوا لأنفسكم زادًا من الطعام والشراب لسفر الحج، وزادًا من صالح الأعمال للدار الآخرة، فإن خير الزاد تقوى الله، وخافوني يا أصحاب العقول السليمة.

١٩٨ لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ أَنْ تَبْتَغُوا فَضْلًا مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ ۚ فَإِذَا أَفَضْتُمْ مِنْ عَرَفَاتٍ فَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ عِنْدَ الْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ ۖ وَاذْكُرُوهُ كَمَا هَدَاكُمْ وَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ لَمِنَ الضَّالِّينَ

١٩٨ ليس عليكم حرج في أن تطلبوا رزقًا من ربكم بالربح من التجارة في أيام الحج. فإذا دفعتم بعد غروب الشمس راجعين من "عرفات" -وهي المكان الذي يقف فيه الحجاج يوم التاسع من ذي الحجة- فاذكروا الله بالتسبيح والتلبية والدعاء عند المشعر الحرام -"المزدلفة"-، واذكروا الله على الوجه الصحيح الذي هداكم إليه، ولقد كنتم من قبل هذا الهدى في ضلال لا تعرفون معه الحق.

١٩٩ ثُمَّ أَفِيضُوا مِنْ حَيْثُ أَفَاضَ النَّاسُ وَاسْتَغْفِرُوا اللَّهَ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ

١٩٩ وليكن اندفاعكم من "عرفات" التي أفاض منها إبراهيم عليه السلام مخالفين بذلك من لا يقف بها من أهل الجاهلية، واسألوا الله أن يغفر لكم ذنوبكم. إن الله غفور لعباده المستغفرين التائبين، رحيم بهم.

٢٠٠ فَإِذَا قَضَيْتُمْ مَنَاسِكَكُمْ فَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ كَذِكْرِكُمْ آبَاءَكُمْ أَوْ أَشَدَّ ذِكْرًا ۗ فَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَقُولُ رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَمَا لَهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنْ خَلَاقٍ

٢٠٠ فإذا أتممتم عبادتكم، وفرغتم من أعمال الحج، فأكثروا من ذكر الله والثناء عليه، مثل ذكركم مفاخر آبائكم وأعظم من ذلك. فمن الناس فريق يجعل همه الدنيا فقط، فيدعو قائلا ربنا آتنا في الدنيا صحة، ومالا وأولادًا، وهؤلاء ليس لهم في الآخرة حظ ولا نصيب؛ لرغبتهم عنها وقَصْرِ هَمِّهم على الدنيا.

٢٠١ وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَقُولُ رَبَّنَا آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ

٢٠١ ومن الناس فريق مؤمن يقول في دعائه: ربنا آتنا في الدنيا عافية ورزقًا وعلمًا نافعًا، وعملا صالحًا، وغير ذلك من أمور الدين والدنيا، وفي الآخرة الجنة، واصرف عنَّا عذاب النار. وهذا الدعاء من أجمع الأدعية، ولهذا كان أكثر دعاء النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، كما ثبت في الصحيحين.

٢٠٢ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ نَصِيبٌ مِمَّا كَسَبُوا ۚ وَاللَّهُ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ

٢٠٢ أولئك الداعون بهذا الدعاء لهم ثواب عظيم بسبب ما كسبوه من الأعمال الصالحة. والله سريع الحساب، مُحْصٍ أعمال عباده، ومجازيهم بها.

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Saheeh International

197 Hajj is [during] well-known months, so whoever has made Hajj obligatory upon himself therein [by entering the state of ihram], there is [to be for him] no sexual relations and no disobedience and no disputing during Hajj. And whatever good you do - Allah knows it. And take provisions, but indeed, the best provision is fear of Allah. And fear Me, O you of understanding.

198 There is no blame upon you for seeking bounty from your Lord [during Hajj]. But when you depart from 'Arafat, remember Allah at al- Mash'ar al-Haram. And remember Him, as He has guided you, for indeed, you were before that among those astray.

١٩٩ ثُمَّ أَفِيضُوا مِنْ حَيْثُ أَفَاضَ النَّاسُ وَاسْتَغْفِرُوا اللَّهَ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ

199 Then depart from the place from where [all] the people depart and ask forgiveness of Allah. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.

200 And when you have completed your rites, remember Allah like your [previous] remembrance of your fathers or with [much] greater remembrance. And among the people is he who says, "Our Lord, give us in this world," and he will have in the Hereafter no share.

201 But among them is he who says, "Our Lord, give us in this world [that which is] good and in the Hereafter [that which is] good and protect us from the punishment of the Fire."

٢٠٢ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ نَصِيبٌ مِمَّا كَسَبُوا ۚ وَاللَّهُ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ

202 Those will have a share of what they have earned, and Allah is swift in account.

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Basmeih

197 (Masa untuk mengerjakan ibadat) Haji itu ialah beberapa bulan yang termaklum. Oleh yang demikian sesiapa yang telah mewajibkan dirinya (dengan niat mengerjakan) ibadat Haji itu, maka tidak boleh mencampuri isteri, dan tidak boleh membuat maksiat, dan tidak boleh bertengkar, dalam masa mengerjakan ibadat Haji. Dan apa jua kebaikan yang kamu kerjakan adalah diketahui oleh Allah; dan hendaklah kamu membawa bekal dengan cukupnya kerana sesungguhnya sebaik-baik bekal itu ialah memelihara diri (dari keaiban meminta sedekah); dan bertaqwalah kepadaKu wahai orang-orang yang berakal (yang dapat memikir dan memahaminya).

198 Tidaklah menjadi salah, kamu mencari limpah kurnia dari Tuhan kamu (dengan meneruskan perniagaan ketika mengerjakan Haji). Kemudian apabila kamu bertolak turun dari padang Arafah (menuju ke Muzdalifah) maka sebutlah nama Allah (dengan doa,"talbiah" dan tasbih) di tempat Masy'ar Al-Haraam (di Muzdalifah), dan ingatlah kepada Allah dengan menyebutnya sebagaimana Ia telah memberikan petunjuk hidayah kepadamu; dan sesungguhnya kamu sebelum itu adalah dari golongan orang-orang yang salah jalan ibadatnya.

١٩٩ ثُمَّ أَفِيضُوا مِنْ حَيْثُ أَفَاضَ النَّاسُ وَاسْتَغْفِرُوا اللَّهَ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ

199 Selain dari itu hendaklah kamu bertolak turun dari (Arafah) tempat bertolaknya orang ramai, dan beristighfarlah kamu kepada Allah (dengan memohon ampun), sesungguhnya Allah Maha Pengampun, lagi Maha Mengasihani.

200 Kemudian apabila kamu telah selesai mengerjakan amalan ibadat Haji kamu, maka hendaklah kamu menyebut-nyebut dan mengingati Allah (dengan membesarkanNya) sebagaimana kamu dahulu menyebut-nyebut (memuji-muji) datuk nenek kamu, bahkan dengan sebutan yang lebih lagi. Dalam pada itu, ada di antara manusia yang (berdoa dengan) berkata: "Wahai Tuhan kami! Berilah kami kebaikan) di dunia". (orang-orang ini diberikan kebaikan di dunia) dan tidak ada baginya sedikitpun kebaikan di akhirat.

201 Dan di antara mereka pula ada yang (berdoa dengan) berkata: "Wahai Tuhan kami, berilah kami kebaikan di dunia dan kebaikan di akhirat, dan peliharalah kami dari azab neraka".

٢٠٢ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ نَصِيبٌ مِمَّا كَسَبُوا ۚ وَاللَّهُ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ

202 Mereka itulah yang akan mendapat bahagian yang baik dari apa yang telah mereka usahakan; dan Allah amat cepat hitunganNya.

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Ma Jian

197 朝觐的月份，是几个可知的月份。凡在这几个月内决计朝觐的人，在朝觐中当戒除淫辞、恶言和争辩。凡你们所行的善功，真主都是知道的。你们当以敬畏做旅费，因为最好的旅费是敬畏。有理智的人啊！你们当敬畏我。

198 寻求主的恩惠，对於你们是无罪的。你们从阿赖法特结队而行的时候，当在禁寺附近记念真主，你们当记念他，因为他曾教导你们，从前你们确是迷误的。

١٩٩ ثُمَّ أَفِيضُوا مِنْ حَيْثُ أَفَاضَ النَّاسُ وَاسْتَغْفِرُوا اللَّهَ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ

199 然後，你们从众人结队而行的地方结队而行，你们当向真主求饶。真主确是至赦的，确是至慈的。

200 你们在举行朝觐的典礼之後，当记念真主，犹如记念你们的祖先一样，或记念得更多些。有人说：我们的主啊！求你在今世赏赐我们。他在後世，绝无福分。

201 . 有人说：我们的主啊！求你在今世赏赐我们美好的（生活），在後世也赏赐我们美好的（生活），求你保护我们，免受火狱的刑罚。

٢٠٢ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ نَصِيبٌ مِمَّا كَسَبُوا ۚ وَاللَّهُ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ

202 这等人，将因他们的营求而享受一部分的报酬。真主的清算是神速的。

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