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Tafsir Surah Tawbah Ayat 35 – 36 (Menyimpan harta)
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٢٧ ثُمَّ يَتُوبُ اللَّهُ مِنْ بَعْدِ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَىٰ مَنْ يَشَاءُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ
٢٧ ومن رجع عن كفره بعد ذلك ودخل الإسلام فإن الله يقبل توبة مَن يشاء منهم، فيغفر ذنبه. والله غفور رحيم.
٢٨ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ نَجَسٌ فَلَا يَقْرَبُوا الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ بَعْدَ عَامِهِمْ هَٰذَا ۚ وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ عَيْلَةً فَسَوْفَ يُغْنِيكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
٢٨ يا معشر المؤمنين إنما المشركون رِجْس وخَبَث فلا تمكنوهم من الاقتراب من الحرم بعد هذا العام التاسع من الهجرة، وإن خفتم فقرًا لانقطاع تجارتهم عنكم، فإن الله سيعوضكم عنها، ويكفيكم من فضله إن شاء، إن الله عليم بحالكم، حكيم في تدبير شؤونكم.
٢٩ قَاتِلُوا الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَلَا بِالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَلَا يُحَرِّمُونَ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَلَا يَدِينُونَ دِينَ الْحَقِّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ حَتَّىٰ يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ وَهُمْ صَاغِرُونَ
٢٩ أيها المسلمون قاتلوا الكفار الذين لا يؤمنون بالله، ولا يؤمنون بالبعث والجزاء، ولا يجتنبون ما نهى الله عنه ورسوله، ولا يلتزمون أحكام شريعة الإسلام من اليهود والنصارى، حتى يدفعوا الجزية التي تفرضونها عليهم بأيديهم خاضعين أذلاء.
٣٠ وَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ عُزَيْرٌ ابْنُ اللَّهِ وَقَالَتِ النَّصَارَى الْمَسِيحُ ابْنُ اللَّهِ ۖ ذَٰلِكَ قَوْلُهُمْ بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ ۖ يُضَاهِئُونَ قَوْلَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ قَبْلُ ۚ قَاتَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ ۚ أَنَّىٰ يُؤْفَكُونَ
٣٠ لقد أشرك اليهود بالله عندما زعموا أن عزيرًا ابن الله. وأشرك النصارى بالله عندما ادَّعوا أن المسيح ابن الله. وهذا القول اختلقوه من عند أنفسهم، وهم بذلك لا يشابهون قول المشركين من قبلهم. قَاتَلَ الله المشركين جميعًا كيف يعدلون عن الحق إلى الباطل؟
٣١ اتَّخَذُوا أَحْبَارَهُمْ وَرُهْبَانَهُمْ أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَالْمَسِيحَ ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَمَا أُمِرُوا إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُوا إِلَٰهًا وَاحِدًا ۖ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۚ سُبْحَانَهُ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ
٣١ اتخذ اليهودُ والنصارى العلماءَ والعُبَّادَ أربابًا يُشَرِّعون لهم الأحكام، فيلتزمون بها ويتركون شرائع الله، واتخذوا المسيح عيسى ابن مريم إلهًا فعبدوه، وقد أمرهم الله بعبادته وحده دون غيره، فهو الإله الحق لا إله إلا هو. تنزَّه وتقدَّس عما يفتريه أهل الشرك والضلال.
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٣٢ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يُطْفِئُوا نُورَ اللَّهِ بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ وَيَأْبَى اللَّهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يُتِمَّ نُورَهُ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْكَافِرُونَ
32 They want to extinguish the light of Allah with their mouths, but Allah refuses except to perfect His light, although the disbelievers dislike it.
٣٣ هُوَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْهُدَىٰ وَدِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ
33 It is He who has sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth to manifest it over all religion, although they who associate others with Allah dislike it.
٣٤ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِنَ الْأَحْبَارِ وَالرُّهْبَانِ لَيَأْكُلُونَ أَمْوَالَ النَّاسِ بِالْبَاطِلِ وَيَصُدُّونَ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ۗ وَالَّذِينَ يَكْنِزُونَ الذَّهَبَ وَالْفِضَّةَ وَلَا يُنْفِقُونَهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَبَشِّرْهُمْ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ
34 O you who have believed, indeed many of the scholars and the monks devour the wealth of people unjustly and avert [them] from the way of Allah. And those who hoard gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah - give them tidings of a painful punishment.
٣٥ يَوْمَ يُحْمَىٰ عَلَيْهَا فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ فَتُكْوَىٰ بِهَا جِبَاهُهُمْ وَجُنُوبُهُمْ وَظُهُورُهُمْ ۖ هَٰذَا مَا كَنَزْتُمْ لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ فَذُوقُوا مَا كُنْتُمْ تَكْنِزُونَ
35 The Day when it will be heated in the fire of Hell and seared therewith will be their foreheads, their flanks, and their backs, [it will be said], "This is what you hoarded for yourselves, so taste what you used to hoard."
٣٦ إِنَّ عِدَّةَ الشُّهُورِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ اثْنَا عَشَرَ شَهْرًا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ يَوْمَ خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ مِنْهَا أَرْبَعَةٌ حُرُمٌ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ الدِّينُ الْقَيِّمُ ۚ فَلَا تَظْلِمُوا فِيهِنَّ أَنْفُسَكُمْ ۚ وَقَاتِلُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ كَافَّةً كَمَا يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ كَافَّةً ۚ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الْمُتَّقِينَ
36 Indeed, the number of months with Allah is twelve [lunar] months in the register of Allah [from] the day He created the heavens and the earth; of these, four are sacred. That is the correct religion, so do not wrong yourselves during them. And fight against the disbelievers collectively as they fight against you collectively. And know that Allah is with the righteous [who fear Him].
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٣٢ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يُطْفِئُوا نُورَ اللَّهِ بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ وَيَأْبَى اللَّهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يُتِمَّ نُورَهُ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْكَافِرُونَ
32 Mereka hendak memadamkan cahaya Allah (ugama Islam) dengan mulut mereka, sedang Allah tidak menghendaki melainkan menyempurnakan cahayaNya, sekalipun orang-orang kafir tidak suka (akan yang demikian).
٣٣ هُوَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْهُدَىٰ وَدِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ
33 Dia lah yang telah mengutus RasulNya (Muhammad) dengan membawa petunjuk dan ugama yang benar (ugama Islam), untuk dimenangkan dan ditinggikannya atas segala ugama yang lain, walaupun orang-orang musyrik tidak menyukainya.
٣٤ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِنَ الْأَحْبَارِ وَالرُّهْبَانِ لَيَأْكُلُونَ أَمْوَالَ النَّاسِ بِالْبَاطِلِ وَيَصُدُّونَ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ۗ وَالَّذِينَ يَكْنِزُونَ الذَّهَبَ وَالْفِضَّةَ وَلَا يُنْفِقُونَهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَبَشِّرْهُمْ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ
34 Wahai orang-orang yang beriman! Sesungguhnya banyak di antara pendita-pendita dan ahli-ahli ugama (Yahudi dan Nasrani) memakan harta orang ramai dengan cara yang salah, dan mereka menghalangi (manusia) dari jalan Allah (ugama Islam). Dan (ingatlah) orang-orang yang menyimpan emas dan perak serta tidak membelanjakannya pada jalan Allah, maka khabarkanlah kepada mereka dengan (balasan) azab seksa yang tidak terperi sakitnya.
٣٥ يَوْمَ يُحْمَىٰ عَلَيْهَا فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ فَتُكْوَىٰ بِهَا جِبَاهُهُمْ وَجُنُوبُهُمْ وَظُهُورُهُمْ ۖ هَٰذَا مَا كَنَزْتُمْ لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ فَذُوقُوا مَا كُنْتُمْ تَكْنِزُونَ
35 (Iaitu) pada hari dibakar emas perak (dan harta benda) itu dalam neraka jahanam, lalu diselar dengannya dahi mereka, dan rusuk mereka, serta belakang mereka (sambil dikatakan kepada mereka): "Inilah apa yang telah kamu simpan untuk diri kamu sendiri, oleh itu rasalah (azab dari) apa yang kamu simpan itu.
٣٦ إِنَّ عِدَّةَ الشُّهُورِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ اثْنَا عَشَرَ شَهْرًا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ يَوْمَ خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ مِنْهَا أَرْبَعَةٌ حُرُمٌ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ الدِّينُ الْقَيِّمُ ۚ فَلَا تَظْلِمُوا فِيهِنَّ أَنْفُسَكُمْ ۚ وَقَاتِلُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ كَافَّةً كَمَا يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ كَافَّةً ۚ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الْمُتَّقِينَ
36 Sesungguhnya bilangan bulan-bulan di sisi (hukum) Allah ialah dua belas bulan, (yang telah ditetapkan) dalam Kitab Allah semasa Ia menciptakan langit dan bumi, di antaranya empat bulan yang dihormati. Ketetapan yang demikian itu ialah ugama yang betul lurus, maka janganlah kamu menganiaya diri kamu dalam bulan-bulan yang dihormati itu (dengan melanggar laranganNya); dan perangilah kaum kafir musyrik seluruhnya sebagaimana mereka memerangi kamu seluruhnya; dan ketahuilah sesungguhnya Allah beserta orang-orang yang bertaqwa.
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٣٢ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يُطْفِئُوا نُورَ اللَّهِ بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ وَيَأْبَى اللَّهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يُتِمَّ نُورَهُ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْكَافِرُونَ
32 他们妄想用自己的口吹灭真主的光明,但真主只愿发扬自己的光明,即使不信道者不愿意。
٣٣ هُوَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْهُدَىٰ وَدِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ
33 他曾以正道和真教的使命委托他的使者,以便他使真教胜过一切宗教,即使以物配主者不愿意。
٣٤ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِنَ الْأَحْبَارِ وَالرُّهْبَانِ لَيَأْكُلُونَ أَمْوَالَ النَّاسِ بِالْبَاطِلِ وَيَصُدُّونَ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ۗ وَالَّذِينَ يَكْنِزُونَ الذَّهَبَ وَالْفِضَّةَ وَلَا يُنْفِقُونَهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَبَشِّرْهُمْ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ
34 信道的人们啊!有许多博士和僧侣,的确借诈术而侵吞别人的财产,并且阻止别人走真主的大道。窖藏金银,而不用于主道者,你应当以痛苦的刑罚向他们报喜。
٣٥ يَوْمَ يُحْمَىٰ عَلَيْهَا فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ فَتُكْوَىٰ بِهَا جِبَاهُهُمْ وَجُنُوبُهُمْ وَظُهُورُهُمْ ۖ هَٰذَا مَا كَنَزْتُمْ لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ فَذُوقُوا مَا كُنْتُمْ تَكْنِزُونَ
35 在那日,要把那些金银放在火狱的火里烧红,然后用来烙他们的前额、肋下和背脊。这是你们为自己而窖藏的金银。你们尝尝藏在窖里的东西的滋味吧!
٣٦ إِنَّ عِدَّةَ الشُّهُورِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ اثْنَا عَشَرَ شَهْرًا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ يَوْمَ خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ مِنْهَا أَرْبَعَةٌ حُرُمٌ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ الدِّينُ الْقَيِّمُ ۚ فَلَا تَظْلِمُوا فِيهِنَّ أَنْفُسَكُمْ ۚ وَقَاتِلُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ كَافَّةً كَمَا يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ كَافَّةً ۚ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الْمُتَّقِينَ
36 依真主的判断,月数确是十2个月,真主创造天地之日,已记录在天经中。其中有s四个禁月,这确是正教。故你们在禁月里不要自欺。以物配主的人群起而进攻你们,你们也就应当群起而抵抗他们。你们应当知道,真主是和敬畏者在一起的。
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مفتعل |
مفتعل |
VIII |
|
مفعل |
مفعل |
مفعل |
IX |
|
مستفعل |
مستفعل |
مستفعل |
X |
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4. ANSWERING CRITIQUES ON ISLAM
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HAFALAN & ULANGAN ...... KAEDAH QAWAN - ada 10 Level
All the Koran in the world is printed on 604 pages. The Qawan Method divides the Qur'an into six parts.
Method of choosing a partner .....
1.Install pages between 2 constituents.
2.The word is not long.
3. Suitable for reading in the first and second rakaat prayers.
4. Suitable for the tazkirah after prayer.
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LEVEL 1
6 Horizontal Section (Horizontal - H)
Just a pair of pages between 2 constituents.
Saturday: ms 1- 100
Sunday: ms 101 - 200
First Day: pg. 201 - 300
Tuesday: ms 301 - 400
Wednesday: ms 401 - 500
Thursday: ms 501 - 604
Friday: Review all just able
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6 Vertical Parts (V)
Only the pair of pages (ms) of the entire Qur'an, between 2 constituents that end up with a certain number
H.Sabtu: ms end 01-02
H Sunday: ms end 21-22
H.Nnin: ms end 41-42
H.Selasa: ms end 61-62
H.Rabu: ms end 81-82
H.Khamis: ms end of 99-00
Friday: Review all just able
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LEVEL 2 ..... coming soon
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DAILY REMINDER
1. QURAN
404: Al Ankabut 29: 69
والذين جاهدوا فينا لنهدينهم سبلنا وإن الله لمع المحسنين
507: Muhammad 47: 7
يا أيها الذين آمنوا إن تنصروا الله ينصركم ويثبت أقدامكم
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2. HADITH
HR Imam Malik in Al Muwatta
"تركت فيكم أمرين لن تضلوا ما تمسكتم بهما كتاب الله وسنة نبيه
HR Abu Daud & Termidhi ... Hadith Hasan Sahih
فعليكم بسنتي وسنة الخلفاء الراشدين المهديين.
HR Muslim
"إذا مات الأنسان انقطع عمله إلا من ثلاث: صدقة جارية, أو علم ينتفع به, أو ولد صالح يدعو له"
HR Bukhari
"خيركم من تعلم القرآن وعلمه"
HR Termizi .... Hadith Hasan Sahih
"يا أيها الناس أفشوا السلام, وأطعموا الطعام, وصلوا الأرحام وصلوا والناس نيام, تدخلوا الجنة بسلام"
Sunan Ibn Majah ..... Grade Hasan (Darussalam)
ثم قال: يا رسول الله أى المؤمنين أفضل قال: "أحسنهم خلقا". قال فأى المؤمنين أكيس قال: " أكثرهم للموت ذكرا وأحسنهم لما بعده استعدادا أولئك الأكياس "
(Hadith ini muttafaq 'alaih)
اليد العليا خير من اليد السفلى
HR Bukhari
وإن أحب الأعمال إلى الله ما دام وإن قل
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3. HELP OF PROPHET & SAHABAT
History of success in early Islam during the time of the Prophet and Caliph Ar Rasyidin:
Metallic fittings ...... less
Conformity ....... is high
Ten Companions of the Prophet who are guaranteed paradise ..... the rich majority, but generous .... especially Abdurrahman bin Auf RA ..... The FATONAH looking for opportunities to be the above hands
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192
Xxx
ﻃﻠﻊ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﺭ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ...ṭala‘a 'l-badru ‘alaynā...The full moon rose over us
ﻣﻦ ﺛﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺩﺍﻉ...min thaniyyāti 'l-wadā‘...From the valley of Wada‘
وجب الشكر علينا....wajaba 'l-shukru ‘alaynā....And it is incumbent upon us to show gratitude
ﻣﺎ ﺩﻋﺎ ﻟﻠﻪ ﺩﺍﻉ...mā da‘ā li-l-lāhi dā‘a...For as long as anyone in existence calls out to Allah
....O the white moon rose over us
....From the valley of Wada'
....And we owe it to show gratefulness
....Where the call is to Allah
ﺃﻳﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻌﻮﺙ ﻓﻴﻨﺎ...’ayyuha 'l-mab‘ūthu fīnā...Oh our Messenger amongst us
ﺟﺌﺖ ﺑﺎﻟﺄﻣﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﺎﻉ...ji’ta bi-l-’amri 'l-muṭā‘...Who comes with the exhortations to be heeded
ﺟﺌﺖ ﺷﺮﻓﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ...ji’ta sharrafta 'l-madīnah....You have brought to this city nobility
ﻣﺮﺣﺒﺎ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﻉ...marḥaban yā khayra dā‘...Welcome you who call us to a good way
Xxx
Xxx
Tala al Badru 'Alayna
Min Thaniyati-al Wada'
Wajaba Shukru 'Alayna
Ma da'a lillahi da'
Tala al Badru 'Alayna
Min Thaniyati-al Wada'
Wajaba Shukru 'Alayna
Ma da'a lillahi da'
O the white moon rose over us
From the valley of Wada'
And we owe it to show gratefulness
Where the call is to Allah
Tala al Badru 'Alayna
Min Thaniyati-al Wada'
Wajaba Shukru 'Alayna
Ma da'a lillahi da'
Oh.Rasulallah Habiballah Nabiallah Syafiiallah
Rasulallah Habiballah Nabiallah Syafiiallah
Shallallahu 'alaihi Muhammad shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam
Shallallahu 'alaihi Muhammad shallallahu 'alaihi wasallam
Ayyuha-al Mab'uthu feena
Ji'ta bi-al amru muta'
Ji'ta sharafta-al Madeenah
Marhaban ya khayra da'
Ayyuha-al Mab'uthu feena
Ji'ta bi-al amru muta'
Ji'ta sharafta-al Madeenah
Marhaban ya khayra da'
Rasulallah Habiballah Nabiallah Syafiiallah
Rasulallah Habiballah
Nabiallah Syafiiallah
Shallallahu alaihi Muhammad shallallahu alaihi wasallam
Shallallahu alaihi Muhammad shallallahu alaihi wasallam
Oh you, who were raised among us
Coming with a word to be obeyed
You have brought to this city nobleness,
Welcome best caller to God's way
Ayyuha-al Mab'uthu feena
Ji'ta bi-al amru muta'
Ji'ta sharafta-al Madeenah
Marhaban ya khayra da'
Tala al Badru 'Alayna
Min Thaniyati-al Wada'
Wajaba Shukru 'Alayna
Ma da'a lillahi da'
Oh.Rasulallah Habiballah Nabiallah Syafiiallah
Rasulallah Habiballah Nabiallah Syafiiallah
Shallallahu alaihi Muhammad shallallahu alaihi wasallam
Shallallahu alaihi Muhammad shallallahu alahi wasallam
Dari Laman Web Resmi, Pejabat Mufti Wilayah Persekutuan
Irsyad al-Hadith Siri ke-46: Bulan haram dan kelebihan yang ada padanya
Soalan
Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan bulan haram dan kelebihan yang terdapat padanya?
Jawapan :
Alhamdulillah, segala puji bagi Allah SWT, selawat dan salam kepada junjungan besar Nabi Muhammad SAW, ahli keluarga baginda SAW, sahabat baginda SAW serta orang-orang yang mengikuti jejak langkah baginda SAW.
Berkenaan soalan di atas, bulan Haram telah disebut di dalam al-Quran Allah SWT berdasarkan firman Allah SWT:
إنَّ عِدَّةَ الشُّهُورِ عِندَ اللَّـهِ اثْنَا عَشَرَ شَهْرًا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّـهِ يَوْمَ خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ مِنْهَا أَرْبَعَةٌ حُرُمٌ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ الدِّينُ الْقَيِّمُ ۚ فَلَا تَظْلِمُوا فِيهِنَّ أَنفُسَكُمْ ۚ وَقَاتِلُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ كَافَّةً كَمَا يُقَاتِلُونَكُمْ كَافَّةً ۚ وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّـهَ مَعَ الْمُتَّقِينَ
Maksudnya: “Sesungguhnya bilangan bulan-bulan di sisi (hukum) Allah ialah dua belas bulan, (yang telah ditetapkan) dalam Kitab Allah semasa Ia menciptakan langit dan bumi, di antaranya empat bulan yang dihormati. Ketetapan yang demikian itu ialah ugama yang betul lurus, maka janganlah kamu menganiaya diri kamu dalam bulan-bulan yang dihormati itu (dengan melanggar laranganNya); dan perangilah kaum kafir musyrik seluruhnya sebagaimana mereka memerangi kamu seluruhnya; dan ketahuilah sesungguhnya Allah beserta orang-orang yang bertaqwa”.
[al-Taubah:36]
Al-Hafiz Ibnu Kathir di dalam tafsirnya telah menukilkan pendapat Ibn Abbas yang menyatakan bahawa setiap kezaliman yang dilakukan di dalam bulan-bulan Haram ini, dosanya adalah lebih besar berbanding bulan-bulan lain. Begitu juga, amal soleh yang dilakukan adalah lebih besar (pahala) berbanding bulan-bulan yang lain.
[Tafsir Ibn Kathir, 4:130]
Definisi Bulan Haram
Bulan Haram ini terdiri daripada empat buah bulan di dalam Islam iaitu Zul al-Kaedah, Zul al-Hijjah, Muharram dan Rejab. Hal ini disebut di dalam sebuah hadith yang sahih, yang diriwayatkan oleh Abi Bakrah RA, bahawa Nabi SAW bersabda:
الزمانُ قد استدارَ كهيئتِه يومَ خلقَ اللهُ السماواتِ والأرضَ ، السنةُ اثنا عشر شهرًا ، منها أربعةٌ حُرُمٌ ، ثلاثةٌ مُتوالياتٌ : ذو القَعدةِ وذو الحِجَّةِ والمُحرَّمُ ، ورجبُ مُضر ، الذي بين جُمادى وشعبانَ
Maksudnya: “Waktu berputar sebagaimana keadaannya ketika Allah SWT menciptakan langit dan bumi. Satu tahun terdiri daripada dua belas bulan, daripadanya terdapat empat bulan yang haram (suci) iaitu tiga daripadanya mengikut turutan (Zul al-Kaedah, Zul al-Hijjah dan Muharram) dan yang keempat adalah Rejab terletak antara Jamadi al-Akhir dan Sya’ban”.
[Riwayat al-Bukhari, no. Hadith 4054]
Bulan ini dinamakan bulan yang Haram kerana pada bulan ini diharamkan berperang dan juga ia adalah bulan yang suci, di mana Allah SWT mengharamkan sebarang kezaliman dan setiap kezaliman yang dilakukan dosanya adalah lebih besar berbanding bulan-bulan yang lain.
Kelebihan Bulan Haram
Bulan haram ini mempunyai beberapa kelebihan berbanding bulan-bulan yang lain, antaranya ialah:
Penutup
Kesimpulannya, bulan Haram adalah bulan di mana Allah SWT akan menggandakan setiap amalan yang kita lakukan dalam bulan-bulan tersebut. Untuk itu, marilah sama-sama kita mempertingkatkan amalan kita seperti solat sunat, puasa sunat, bersedeqah dan lain-lain lagi. Akhirnya, semoga Allah SWT menerima setiap amalan kita dan meletakkannya dalam neraca kebaikan kita di akhirat kelak. Amin.
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191
1919 - Surah At-Taubah
DAILY MOTIVATION ................... more
Dakwah Knowledge
Geo - Mosque News & Stay ... more
Hist - Mosque News & Stay ...
Omeriye Mosque, Nicosia, Cyprus
V: 531-532
User Guide
H: 11-12
Assosiation Islamique Le Juste Milieu
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Tafsir Muyassar تفسير المیسر
Saheeh International
Basmeih
Ma Jian
E ...... ARABIC: ENGLISH: ENGLISH: CHINESE
Tafsir Muyassar تفسير المیسر: Saheeh International: Basmeih: Ma Jian
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Celik Tafsir
Tafsir Surah Tawbah Ayat 30 – 31 (Menjadikan ulama sebagai tuhan)
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Tafsir Muyassar: تفسير المیسر
٢٧ ثُمَّ يَتُوبُ اللَّهُ مِنْ بَعْدِ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَىٰ مَنْ يَشَاءُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ
٢٧ ومن رجع عن كفره بعد ذلك ودخل الإسلام فإن الله يقبل توبة مَن يشاء منهم، فيغفر ذنبه. والله غفور رحيم.
٢٨ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ نَجَسٌ فَلَا يَقْرَبُوا الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ بَعْدَ عَامِهِمْ هَٰذَا ۚ وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ عَيْلَةً فَسَوْفَ يُغْنِيكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
٢٨ يا معشر المؤمنين إنما المشركون رِجْس وخَبَث فلا تمكنوهم من الاقتراب من الحرم بعد هذا العام التاسع من الهجرة، وإن خفتم فقرًا لانقطاع تجارتهم عنكم، فإن الله سيعوضكم عنها، ويكفيكم من فضله إن شاء، إن الله عليم بحالكم، حكيم في تدبير شؤونكم.
٢٩ قَاتِلُوا الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَلَا بِالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَلَا يُحَرِّمُونَ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَلَا يَدِينُونَ دِينَ الْحَقِّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ حَتَّىٰ يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ وَهُمْ صَاغِرُونَ
٢٩ أيها المسلمون قاتلوا الكفار الذين لا يؤمنون بالله، ولا يؤمنون بالبعث والجزاء، ولا يجتنبون ما نهى الله عنه ورسوله، ولا يلتزمون أحكام شريعة الإسلام من اليهود والنصارى، حتى يدفعوا الجزية التي تفرضونها عليهم بأيديهم خاضعين أذلاء.
٣٠ وَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ عُزَيْرٌ ابْنُ اللَّهِ وَقَالَتِ النَّصَارَى الْمَسِيحُ ابْنُ اللَّهِ ۖ ذَٰلِكَ قَوْلُهُمْ بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ ۖ يُضَاهِئُونَ قَوْلَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ قَبْلُ ۚ قَاتَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ ۚ أَنَّىٰ يُؤْفَكُونَ
٣٠ لقد أشرك اليهود بالله عندما زعموا أن عزيرًا ابن الله. وأشرك النصارى بالله عندما ادَّعوا أن المسيح ابن الله. وهذا القول اختلقوه من عند أنفسهم، وهم بذلك لا يشابهون قول المشركين من قبلهم. قَاتَلَ الله المشركين جميعًا كيف يعدلون عن الحق إلى الباطل؟
٣١ اتَّخَذُوا أَحْبَارَهُمْ وَرُهْبَانَهُمْ أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَالْمَسِيحَ ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَمَا أُمِرُوا إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُوا إِلَٰهًا وَاحِدًا ۖ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۚ سُبْحَانَهُ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ
٣١ اتخذ اليهودُ والنصارى العلماءَ والعُبَّادَ أربابًا يُشَرِّعون لهم الأحكام، فيلتزمون بها ويتركون شرائع الله، واتخذوا المسيح عيسى ابن مريم إلهًا فعبدوه، وقد أمرهم الله بعبادته وحده دون غيره، فهو الإله الحق لا إله إلا هو. تنزَّه وتقدَّس عما يفتريه أهل الشرك والضلال.
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Saheeh International
٢٧ ثُمَّ يَتُوبُ اللَّهُ مِنْ بَعْدِ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَىٰ مَنْ يَشَاءُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ
27 Then Allah will accept repentance after that for whom He wills; and Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.
٢٨ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ نَجَسٌ فَلَا يَقْرَبُوا الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ بَعْدَ عَامِهِمْ هَٰذَا ۚ وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ عَيْلَةً فَسَوْفَ يُغْنِيكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
28 O you who have believed, indeed the polytheists are unclean, so let them not approach al-Masjid al-Haram after this, their [final] year. And if you fear privation, Allah will enrich you from His bounty if He wills. Indeed, Allah is Knowing and Wise.
٢٩ قَاتِلُوا الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَلَا بِالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَلَا يُحَرِّمُونَ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَلَا يَدِينُونَ دِينَ الْحَقِّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ حَتَّىٰ يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ وَهُمْ صَاغِرُونَ
29 Fight those who do not believe in Allah or in the Last Day and who do not consider unlawful what Allah and His Messenger have made unlawful and who do not adopt the religion of truth from those who were given the Scripture - [fight] until they give the jizyah willingly while they are humbled.
٣٠ وَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ عُزَيْرٌ ابْنُ اللَّهِ وَقَالَتِ النَّصَارَى الْمَسِيحُ ابْنُ اللَّهِ ۖ ذَٰلِكَ قَوْلُهُمْ بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ ۖ يُضَاهِئُونَ قَوْلَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ قَبْلُ ۚ قَاتَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ ۚ أَنَّىٰ يُؤْفَكُونَ
30 The Jews say, "Ezra is the son of Allah "; and the Christians say, "The Messiah is the son of Allah." That is their statement from their mouths; they imitate the saying of those who disbelieved [before them]. May Allah destroy them; how are they deluded?
٣١ اتَّخَذُوا أَحْبَارَهُمْ وَرُهْبَانَهُمْ أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَالْمَسِيحَ ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَمَا أُمِرُوا إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُوا إِلَٰهًا وَاحِدًا ۖ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۚ سُبْحَانَهُ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ
31 They have taken their scholars and monks as lords besides Allah, and [also] the Messiah, the son of Mary. And they were not commanded except to worship one God; there is no deity except Him. Exalted is He above whatever they associate with Him.
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٢٧ ثُمَّ يَتُوبُ اللَّهُ مِنْ بَعْدِ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَىٰ مَنْ يَشَاءُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ
27 Kemudian Allah menerima taubat orang-orang yang dikehendaki (dengan memberi taufiq untuk memeluk Islam), sesudah (orang-orang kafir itu ditimpakan dengan azab); dan (ingatlah) Allah Maha Pengampun, lagi Maha Mengasihani.
٢٨ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ نَجَسٌ فَلَا يَقْرَبُوا الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ بَعْدَ عَامِهِمْ هَٰذَا ۚ وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ عَيْلَةً فَسَوْفَ يُغْنِيكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
28 Wahai orang-orang yang beriman! Sesungguhnya (kepercayaan) orang-orang kafir musyrik itu najis, oleh itu janganlah mereka menghampiri Masjid Al-Haraam sesudah tahun ini; dan jika kamu bimbangkan kepapaan, maka Allah akan memberi kekayaan kepada kamu dari limpah kurniaNya, jika dia kehendaki. Sesungguhnya Allah Maha Mengetahui, lagi Maha Bijaksana.
٢٩ قَاتِلُوا الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَلَا بِالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَلَا يُحَرِّمُونَ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَلَا يَدِينُونَ دِينَ الْحَقِّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ حَتَّىٰ يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ وَهُمْ صَاغِرُونَ
29 Perangilah orang-orang yang tidak beriman kepada Allah dan tidak beriman kepada hari akhirat, dan mereka pula tidak mengharamkan apa yang telah diharamkan oleh Allah dan RasulNya, dan tidak berugama dengan ugama yang benar, iaitu dari orang-orang yang diberikan Kitab (kaum Yahudi dan Nasrani), sehingga mereka membayar "Jizyah" dengan keadaan taat dan merendah diri.
٣٠ وَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ عُزَيْرٌ ابْنُ اللَّهِ وَقَالَتِ النَّصَارَى الْمَسِيحُ ابْنُ اللَّهِ ۖ ذَٰلِكَ قَوْلُهُمْ بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ ۖ يُضَاهِئُونَ قَوْلَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ قَبْلُ ۚ قَاتَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ ۚ أَنَّىٰ يُؤْفَكُونَ
30 Dan orang-orang Yahudi berkata: "Uzair ialah anak Allah" dan orang-orang Nasrani berkata: "Al-Masih ialah anak Allah". Demikianlah perkataan mereka dengan mulut mereka sendiri, (iaitu) mereka menyamai perkataan orang-orang kafir dahulu; semoga Allah binasakan mereka. Bagaimanakah mereka boleh berpaling dari kebenaran?
٣١ اتَّخَذُوا أَحْبَارَهُمْ وَرُهْبَانَهُمْ أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَالْمَسِيحَ ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَمَا أُمِرُوا إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُوا إِلَٰهًا وَاحِدًا ۖ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۚ سُبْحَانَهُ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ
31 Mereka menjadikan pendita-pendita dan ahli-ahli ugama mereka sebagai pendidik-pendidik selain dari Allah, dan juga (mereka mempertuhankan) Al-Masih ibni Maryam, padahal mereka tidak diperintahkan melainkan untuk menyembah Tuhan Yang Maha Esa; tiada Tuhan (yang berhak disembah) melainkan Dia. Maha Suci Allah dari apa yang mereka sekutukan.
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Ma Jian
٢٧ ثُمَّ يَتُوبُ اللَّهُ مِنْ بَعْدِ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَىٰ مَنْ يَشَاءُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ
27 后来,他准许他所意欲者悔过自新。真主是至赦的,是至慈的。
٢٨ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ نَجَسٌ فَلَا يَقْرَبُوا الْمَسْجِدَ الْحَرَامَ بَعْدَ عَامِهِمْ هَٰذَا ۚ وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ عَيْلَةً فَسَوْفَ يُغْنِيكُمُ اللَّهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ إِنْ شَاءَ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
28 信道的人们啊!以物配主者只是污秽,故从今年起不准他们临近禁寺;如果你们畏惧贫困,那末,真主将以他的恩惠使你们满足,如果他意欲。真主确是全知的,确是至睿的。
٢٩ قَاتِلُوا الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَلَا بِالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَلَا يُحَرِّمُونَ مَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَلَا يَدِينُونَ دِينَ الْحَقِّ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ حَتَّىٰ يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ وَهُمْ صَاغِرُونَ
29 当抵抗不信真主和末日,不遵真主及其使者的戒律,不奉真教的人,即曾受天经的人,你们要与他们战斗,直到他们依照自己的能力,规规矩矩地交纳丁税。
٣٠ وَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ عُزَيْرٌ ابْنُ اللَّهِ وَقَالَتِ النَّصَارَى الْمَسِيحُ ابْنُ اللَّهِ ۖ ذَٰلِكَ قَوْلُهُمْ بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ ۖ يُضَاهِئُونَ قَوْلَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ قَبْلُ ۚ قَاتَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ ۚ أَنَّىٰ يُؤْفَكُونَ
30 犹太人说:欧宰尔是真主的儿子。基督教徒说:麦西哈是真主的儿子。这是他们信口开河,仿效从前不信道者的口吻。愿真主诅咒他们。他们怎么如此放荡呢!
٣١ اتَّخَذُوا أَحْبَارَهُمْ وَرُهْبَانَهُمْ أَرْبَابًا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَالْمَسِيحَ ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَمَا أُمِرُوا إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُوا إِلَٰهًا وَاحِدًا ۖ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۚ سُبْحَانَهُ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ
31 他们舍真主而把他们的博士、僧侣和麦尔彦之子麦西哈当做主宰。他们所奉的命令只是崇拜独一的主宰,除他之外,绝无应受崇拜的。赞颂真主超乎他们所用来配他的!
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E ...... ARABIC: ENGLISH: ENGLISH: CHINESE
Tafsir Muyassar تفسير المیسر: Saheeh International: Basmeih: Ma Jian
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3. LEARN ARABIC: OTHER LANGUAGES
فعل
مجهول
مضارع |
فعل
مجهول
ماض |
فعل
معلوم
مضارع |
فعل
معلوم
ماض |
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فعل |
يفعل |
فعل |
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فعل |
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يفاعل |
فوعل |
يفاعل |
فاعل |
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يفعل |
أفعل |
يفعل |
أفعل |
IV |
يتفعل |
تفعل |
يتفعل |
تفعل |
V |
يتفاعل |
تفوعل |
يتفاعل |
تفاعل |
VI |
ينفعل |
أنفعل |
ينفعل |
إنفعل |
VII |
يفتعل |
أفتعل |
يفتعل |
إفتعل |
VIII |
يفعل |
أفعل |
يفعل |
إفعل |
IX |
يستفعل |
أستفعل |
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مصدر |
فعل
النهي |
فعل
الأمر |
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فعل |
لاتفعل |
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تفعيل |
لاتفعل |
فعل |
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مفاعلة |
لاتفاعل |
فاعل |
III |
إفعال |
لاتفعل |
أفعل |
IV |
تفعل |
لاتتفعل |
تفعل |
V |
تفاعل |
لاتتفاعل |
تفاعل |
VI |
إنفعال |
لاتنفعل |
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إفتعال |
لاتفتعل |
إفتعل |
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إفعلال |
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لاتستفعل |
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إسم
الألة |
إسم
المكن
الزمان |
إسم
المفعول |
إسم
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4. ANSWERING CRITIQUES ON ISLAM
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HAFALAN & ULANGAN ...... KAEDAH QAWAN - ada 10 Level
All the Koran in the world is printed on 604 pages. The Qawan Method divides the Qur'an into six parts.
Method of choosing a partner .....
1.Install pages between 2 constituents.
2.The word is not long.
3. Suitable for reading in the first and second rakaat prayers.
4. Suitable for the tazkirah after prayer.
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LEVEL 1
6 Horizontal Section (Horizontal - H)
Just a pair of pages between 2 constituents.
Saturday: ms 1- 100
Sunday: ms 101 - 200
First Day: pg. 201 - 300
Tuesday: ms 301 - 400
Wednesday: ms 401 - 500
Thursday: ms 501 - 604
Friday: Review all just able
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6 Vertical Parts (V)
Only the pair of pages (ms) of the entire Qur'an, between 2 constituents that end up with a certain number
H.Sabtu: ms end 01-02
H Sunday: ms end 21-22
H.Nnin: ms end 41-42
H.Selasa: ms end 61-62
H.Rabu: ms end 81-82
H.Khamis: ms end of 99-00
Friday: Review all just able
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LEVEL 2 ..... coming soon
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DAILY REMINDER
1. Quran & Hadith
2. Seerah
3. Tabligh 6 points
4. Renowned local preachers
5. Renowned foreign preachers
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1. QURAN & HADITH
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يوم السبت
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1.....1: Al Fatihah: 6
اهدنا الصراط المستقيم
HR Bukhari
وإن أحب الأعمال إلى الله ما دام وإن قل
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2.....7: Al Baqarah 2: 43
وأقيموا الصلاة وآتوا الزكاة واركعوا مع الراكعين
HR Muslim
صلاة الجماعة أفضل من صلاة الفذ بسبع وعشرين درجة
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3.....22: Al Baqarah 2: 143
وكذلك جعلناكم أمة وسطا لتكونوا شهداء على الناس ويكون الرسول عليكم شهيدا
HR Ibn Mājah: Sahih (Al-Albani)
"إن الله لا يمل حتى تملوا
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4.....52: Ali Imran 3: 19
إن الدين عند الله الإسلام
HR Ad-Daraqutni
اَلْإِسْلَامِ يَعْلُو, وَلَا يُعْلَى
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5.....63: Ali Imran 3: 104
ولتكن منكم أمة يدعون إلى الخير ويأمرون بالمعروف وينهون عن المنكر وأولئك هم المفلحون
HR Muslim
من دل على خير, فله مثل أجر فاعله
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6.....64: Ali Imran 3: 110
كنتم خير أمة أخرجت للناس تأمرون بالمعروف وتنهون عن المنكر وتؤمنون بالله ....
HR Muslim
من رأى منكم منكرا فليغيره بيده, فإن لم يستطع فبلسانه, فإن لم يستطع فبقلبه, وذلك أضعف الإيمان
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7.....74: Ali Imran 3: 185
كل نفس ذائقة الموت
Sunan Ibn Majah ..... Grade Hasan (Darussalam)
ثم قال: يا رسول الله أى المؤمنين أفضل قال: "أحسنهم خلقا". قال فأى المؤمنين أكيس قال: " أكثرهم للموت ذكرا وأحسنهم لما بعده استعدادا أولئك الأكياس "
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8.....87: Al Nisaa '4: 59
يا أيها الذين آمنوا أطيعوا الله وأطيعوا الرسول وأولي الأمر منكم فإن تنازعتم في شيء فردوه إلى الله والرسول إن كنتم تؤمنون بالله واليوم الآخر ذلك خير وأحسن تأويلا
HR Imam Malik in Al Muwatta
"تركت فيكم أمرين لن تضلوا ما تمسكتم بهما كتاب الله وسنة نبيه
HR Abu Daud & Termidhi ... Hadith Hasan Sahih
فعليكم بسنتي وسنة الخلفاء الراشدين المهديين.
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يوم الأحد
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1.....106 : Al Maidah 5:1
.... يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَوْفُوا بِالْعُقُودِ
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2.....106: Al Maidah
.....وَتَعَاوَنُوا عَلَى الْبِرِّ وَالتَّقْوَىٰ ۖ وَلَا تَعَاوَنُوا عَلَى الْإِثْمِ وَالْعُدْوَانِ .....
3.....107: Al Maidah 5: 3
اليوم أكملت لكم دينكم وأتممت عليكم نعمتي ورضيت لكم الإسلام دينا
HR Ad-Daraqutni
اَلْإِسْلَامِ يَعْلُو, وَلَا يُعْلَى
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134: Al An'am 6: 54
.وإذا جاءك الذين يؤمنون بآياتنا فقل سلام عليكم
HR Termizi .... Hadith Hasan Sahih
"يا أيها الناس أفشوا السلام, وأطعموا الطعام, وصلوا الأرحام وصلوا والناس نيام, تدخلوا الجنة بسلام"
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يوم الإثنين
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يوم الثلاثاء
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342: Al Mu'minun 23: 1-2
1.قد أفلح المؤمنون
2. الذين هم في صلاتهم خاشعون
HR Imam Malik
وأسوأ السرقة الذي يسرق صلاته ". قالوا وكيف يسرق صلاته يا رسول الله قال" لا يتم ركوعها ولا سجودها
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يوم الأربعاء
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401: Al Ankabut 29: 45
اتْلُ مَا أُوحِيَ إِلَيْكَ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ ۖ إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ تَنْهَىٰ عَنِ الْفَحْشَاءِ وَالْمُنْكَرِ ۗ وَلَذِكْرُ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ مَا تَصْنَعُونَ
404: Al Ankabut 29: 69
والذين جاهدوا فينا لنهدينهم سبلنا وإن الله لمع المحسنين
420: Al Ahzab 33: 21
لقد كان لكم في رسول الله أسوة حسنة لمن كان يرجو الله واليوم الآخر وذكر الله كثيرا
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يوم الخميس
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507: Muhammad 47: 7
يا أيها الذين آمنوا إن تنصروا الله ينصركم ويثبت أقدامكم
560: And Tahrim 66: 6
أنفسكم وأهليكم نارا وقودها الناس والحجارة عليها ملائكة غلاظ شداد لا يعصون الله ما أمرهم ويفعلون ما يؤمرون
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يوم الجمعة
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2. HADITH
2: HR Tirmidhi
مفتاح الجنة الصلاة ومفتاح الصلاة الوضوء
19: HR Bukhari
"خيركم من تعلم القرآن وعلمه"
HR Muslim
"إذا مات الأنسان انقطع عمله إلا من ثلاث: صدقة جارية, أو علم ينتفع به, أو ولد صالح يدعو له"
(HR Bukhari & Muslim: muttafaq 'alaih)
اليد العليا خير من اليد السفلى
HR Bukhari
بلغوا عنى ولو اية
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3. SEARCH
Narrated 'Abdur-Rahman bin' Awf:
that the Messenger of Allah said: "Abu Bakr is in Paradise, 'Umar is in Paradise,' Uthman is in Paradise, 'Ali is in Paradise, Talhah is in Paradise, Az-Zubair is in Paradise,' Abdur- Rahman bin 'Awf is in Paradise, Sa'd bin Abi Waqqas is in Paradise, Sa'eed is in Paradise, and Abu' Ubaidah bin Al-Jarrah is in Paradise. "
حدثنا قتيبة, حدثنا عبد العزيز بن محمد, عن عبد الرحمن بن حميد, عن أبيه, عن عبد الرحمن بن عوف, قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم "أبو بكر في الجنة وعمر في الجنة وعثمان في الجنة وعلي في الجنة وطلحة في الجنة والزبير في الجنة وعبد الرحمن بن عوف في الجنة وسعد في الجنة وسعيد في الجنة وأبو عبيدة بن الجراح في الجنة ".
Grade | : Sahih (Darussalam) |
English reference | : Vol. 1, Book 46, Hadith 3747 |
Arabic reference | : Book 49, Hadith 4112 |
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Narrated Sa'id ibn Zayd:
AbdurRahman ibn al-Akhnas said that when he was in the mosque, a man mentioned Ali (may Allah be pleased with him). So Sa'id ibn Zayd got up and said: I bear witness to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) that I heard him say: Ten persons will go to Paradise: The Prophet (ﷺ) will go to Paradise, AbuBakr will go to Paradise , Umar will go to Paradise, Uthman will go to Paradise, Ali will go to Paradise, Talhah will go to Paradise: az-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam will go to paradise, Sa'd ibn Malik will go to Paradise, and AbdurRahman ibn Awf will go to Paradise. If I wish, I can mention the tenth. The People asked: Who is he: So he kept silence. The again asked: Who is he: He replied: He is Sa'id ibn Zayd.
حدثنا حفص بن عمر النمري, حدثنا شعبة, عن الحر بن الصياح, عن عبد الرحمن بن الأخنس, أنه كان في المسجد فذكر رجل عليا عليه السلام فقام سعيد بن زيد فقال أشهد على رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أني سمعته وهو يقول "عشرة في الجنة النبي في الجنة وأبو بكر في الجنة وعمر في الجنة وعثمان في الجنة وعلي في الجنة وطلحة في الجنة والزبير بن العوام في الجنة وسعد بن مالك في الجنة وعبد الرحمن بن عوف في الجنة ". ولو شئت لسميت العاشر. قال فقالوا من هو فسكت قال فقالوا من هو فقال هو سعيد بن زيد.
Grade: Sahih
Reference | : Sunan Abi Dawud 4649 |
In-book reference | : Book 42, Hadith 54 |
English translation | : Book 41, Hadith 4632 |
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History of success in early Islam during the time of the Prophet and Caliph Ar Rasyidin:
Metallic fittings ...... less
Conformity ....... is high
Ten Companions of the Prophet who are guaranteed paradise ..... the rich majority, but generous .... especially Abdurrahman bin Auf RA ..... The FATONAH looking for opportunities to be the above hands
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4. TABLIGH 6 POINTS
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5. RENOWNED LOCAL PREACHERS
1. Ustaz Azhar Idrus
2. Maulana Asri
3. Dr Rozaimi
4. Mufti Asri Zainul Abidin
5. Ust Kazim
6. Ust Ebit Lew
7. Prof Datuk Dr Muhaya
8. Ust Ismail Kamus
9. Ust Ahmad Dusuki
10. Ust Auni Mohamad
__________________________________
6. RENOWNED FOREIGN PREACHERS
1. Dr Zakir Naik
2. Nouman Ali Khan
3. Mufti Menk
4. Yasmin Mogahed
5. Hussain Yee
6. Omar Suleiman
7. Yusuf Estes
8. Moulana Tariq Jameel
9. Yasir Qadhi
10. Taqi Usmani
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191 AH : 806 AD
▪Arab–Byzantine wars: An Abbasid fleet under Humayd ibn Ma'yuf al-Hajuri raids Cyprus, carrying off 16,000 inhabitants as slaves.
___________________________
Ḥumayd ibn Ma'yūf al-Ḥajūrī was an Arab commander in Abbasid service in the early 9th century.
Humayd hailed from an Arab noble family (ashraf) settled in the Ghuta plain around Damascus. Beginning with his great-grandfather, Ma'yuf ibn Yahya al-Hujari, his family had loyally served the Abbasids and risen to a prominent position in Syria.
In 806, according to al-Tabari, Caliph Harun al-Rashid placed him in charge of "the Levant coastlands of the eastern Mediterranean as far as Egypt". Humayd was sent to raid Cyprus, while the Caliph himself led a major invasion of Byzantine Asia Minor. Humayd ravaged the island, carrying off much plunder and 16,000 of its inhabitants, including the local bishop. They were sold as slaves in the markets of al-Rafiqah, under the supervision of the qadi Abu'l-Bakhtari Wahb ibn Wahb. In the next year, he sailed on another expedition against the Byzantine Empire, this time targeting Rhodes. The island was plundered, but the city of Rhodesresisted his attempts to capture it. On his return trip, he landed at Myra, where he tried to destroy the tomb of Saint Nicholas. A storm arose, however, sinking some of his ships and forcing him to retire, which the locals attributed to the intervention of the saint. It is sometimes considered that before attacking Rhodes, Humayd led his fleet to the Peloponnese, where he either assisted or even fomented a revolt by the local Slavs, leading to the unsuccessful siege of the port city of Patras.It is however possible that the reports of Arab participation in these events are the result of a later interpolation, mixing the real Slavic revolt with subsequent Arab raids.
In the late 810s or the 820s, following a brief tenure by his father, Humayd governed Damascus as deputy to an absent governor of the Jund Dimashq; Paul M. Cobb theorizes that the latter was Nasr ibn Khamza, meaning that Humayd's tenure may have lasted until the appointment of Abu Ishaq, the future al-Mu'tasim, as governor of Syria in 828.
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1 - 100 (623 - 719)
101 - 200 (720 - 816)
201- 300 (817 - 913)
301 - 400 (914 - 1010)
401 - 500 (1011 - 1107)
501 - 600 (1108 - 1204)
601 - 700 (1205 - 1301)
701 - 800 (1302 - 1398)
801 - 900 (1399 - 1495)
901 - 1000 (1496 - 1592)
1001 - 1100 (1593 - 1689)
1101 - 1200 (1690 - 1786)
1201 - 1300 (1787 - 1883)
1301 - 1400 (1884 - 1980)
1401 - 1500 (1981 - 2078)
570 | 52 BH |
Birth of Prophet Muhammad at Mecca | |
610 | 12 BH |
Revelation of the first versus of the Quran | |
Ali ibn Abu Talib and Abu Bakar as Siddiq accept Islam | |
615 | 7 BH |
Conversion of Omar Ibn Al Khattab | |
620 | 2 BH |
A group of Muslims migrates to Abyssinia to escape the persecution in Mecca | |
622 | |
Prophet Muhammad migrates to Madina | |
Start of the Islamic calendar | |
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623 . |
1AH 23 Jamadil Thani 2AH 3 Rejab |
624 . |
2AH 4 Rejab 3AH 14 Rejab |
Battle of Badr | |
625 . |
3AH 15 Rejab 4AH 25 Rejab |
Battle of Uhud | |
626 . |
4AH 26 Rejab 5AH 6 Syaban |
Battle of Khandaq / Battle of the Trench | |
627 . |
5AH 7 Syaban 6AH 17 Syaban |
Prophet Muhammad concludes the Treaty of Hudaibiya with the Meccans | |
628 . |
6AH 18 Syaban 7AH 28 Syaban |
The Muslims reclaim Mecca | |
The Prophet sends messages to Khosroe of Persia, Heraclius of Byzantium, Muqawqis of Egypt and the king of Yemen, inviting them to accept Islam | |
629 . |
7AH 29 Syaban 8AH 10 Ramadan |
630 . |
8AH 11 Ramadan 9AH 21 Ramadan |
631 . |
10AH 22 Ramadan 10AH 2 Syawal |
632 . |
10AH 3 Syawal 11AH 13 Syawal |
Farewell pilgrimage of Prophet Muhammad | |
The last verse of the Quran is revealed | |
Defensive expedition to Tabuk against the Byzantines ends in a stalemate and commander Zaid bin Harris is killed in action | |
Prophet Muhammad passes away | |
The Companions establish the Caliphate to affirm the historical continuity of Islam | |
Abu Bakar as Siddiq is elected the first Caliph | |
Death of Fatimah az Zahra beloved daughter of the Prophet,wife of Ali ibn Abu Talib | |
633 . |
11AH 14 Syawal 12AH 24 Syawal |
Abu Bakar conducts campaigns against eastern Arabs to ensure their compliance with zakat | |
Rise of the false prophets | |
Battle of Yamama against Musailimah Al Kazzab | |
Abu Bakar authorizes the preparation of a written copy of the Quran, the Mashaf e Siddiqi | |
634 . |
12AH 25 Syawal 13AH 5 Zulqa'dah |
Muslim armies defeat the Byzantines at the Battle of Ajnadyn | |
Abu Bakar passes away | |
Omar ibn Al Khattab is elected the Caliph | |
635 . |
13AH 6 Zulqa'dah 14AH 15 Zulqa'dah |
Campaigns against eastern Roman and Persian Empires | |
The Muslims capture Damascus | |
636 . |
14AH 16 Zulqa'dah 15AH 27 Zulqa'dah |
The Persian army is defeated at the Battle of Qadasia | |
The Byzantines are defeated at the Battle of Yarmuk | |
Jerusalem conquered by Arab armies. Freedom of worship is guaranteed to Christians. | |
637 . |
15AH 28 Zulqa'dah 16 AH 8 Zulhijjah |
The Muslims capture Madayen, capital of the Persian Empire | |
638 . |
16AH 9 Zulhijjah 17AH 19 Zulhijjah |
639 . |
17AH 20 Zulhijjah 18AH 30 Zulhijjah |
640 . |
19AH 1 Muharam 20AH 12 Muharam |
Omar bin al As begins campaigns in Egypt | |
641 . |
20AH 13 Muharam 21AH 22 Muharam |
Arab armies advance towards Khorasan, Afghanistan dan Sindh | |
642 . |
21AH 23 Muharam 22AH 3 Safar |
The conquest of Egypt is completed | |
Caliph Omar streamlines the administration of the vast empire | |
Judical rulings of Omar ibn al Khattab and Ali ibn Abu Talib provide a basis for the sciences of Fiqh | |
Persian armies defeated at the Battle of Nahawand | |
643 . |
22AH 4 Safar 23AH 13 Safar |
First construction of the Al Aqsa mosque in Jerusalem | |
644 . |
23AH 14 Safar 24AH 25 Safar |
Caliph Omar ibn Al Khattab is assassinated | |
Uthman bin Affan is elected the Caliph | |
645 . |
24AH 26 Safar 25AH 6 Rabiulawal |
646 . |
25AH 7 Rabiulawal 26AH 17 Rabiulawal |
647 . |
26AH 18 Rabiulawal 27AH 28 Rabiulawal |
648 . |
27AH 29 Rabiulawal 28AH 10 Rabiulthani |
649 . |
28AH 11 Rabiulthani 29AH 21 Rabiulthani |
Cyprus is captured from the Byzantines | |
650 . |
29AH 22 Rabiulthani 30AH 2 Jamadilawal |
Pronunciation of Quranic verses standardized | |
651 . |
30AH 3 Jamadilawal 31AH 12 Jamadilawal |
652 . |
31AH 13 Jamadilawal 32AH 24 Jamadilawal |
Death of Abu Dhar al Ghifari, venerated Companion and Sufi | |
653 . |
32AH 25 Jamadilawal 33AH 5 Jamadilthani |
654 . |
33AH 6 Jamadilthani 34AH 16 Jamadilthani |
655 . |
34AH 17 Jamadilthani 35AH 27 Jamadilthani |
656 . |
35AH 28 Jamadilthani 36AH 9 Rejab |
Caliph Uthman bin Affan is assassinated | |
Ali ibn Abu Talib is elected the Caliph | |
Beginning of the Civil Wars | |
Caliph Ali ibn Abu Talib defeats dissidents under Aisha binti Abu Bakar at the Battle of the Camel | |
657 . |
36AH 10 Rejab 37AH 20 Rejab |
Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan, governor of Syria, refuses to recognize the Caliphate of Ali | |
Battle of Siffin between forces of Ali and Muawiya | |
Beginning of the Kharijite schism | |
658 . |
37AH 21 Rejab 38AH 1 Syaban |
Ali ibn Abu Talib defeats the Kharijites at the Battle of Nahrawan | |
Muawiya is declared the Caliph by his supporters in Damascus | |
659 . |
38AH 2 Syaban 39AH 11 Syaban |
Truce between Caliph Ali ibn Abu Talib and Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan | |
660 . |
39AH 12 Syaban 40AH 22 Syaban |
661 . |
40AH 23 Syaban 41AH 3 Ramadan |
Caliph Ali ibn Abu Talib is assassinated | |
Age of Khulafa e Rashidoon ends | |
Muawiya claims the Caliphate | |
Beginning of the Umayyad dynasty | |
Imam Hassan ibn Ali retires from politics | |
662 . |
41AH 4 Ramadan 42AH 14 Ramadan |
663 . |
42AH 15 Ramadan 43AH 25 Ramadan |
664 . |
43AH 26 Ramadan 44AH 7 Syawal |
665 . |
44AH 8 Syawal 45AH 18 Syawal |
Muawiya orders the buildup of a navy | |
666 . |
45AH 19 Syawal 46AH 28 Syawal |
667 . |
46AH 29 Syawal 47AH 10 Zulqa'dah |
Muslim armies capture Khorasan | |
668 . |
47AH 11 Zulqa'dah 48AH 21 Zulqa'dah |
669 . |
48AH 22 Zulqa'dah 49AH 2 Zulhijjah |
Death of Imam Hassan ibn Ali | |
670 . |
49AH 3 Zulhijjah 50AH 12 Zulhijjah |
Uqba bin Nafi begins the conquest of North Africa | |
The city of Khairaoun in North Africa is founded | |
671 . |
50AH 13 Zulhijjah 51AH 23 Zulhijjah |
Muslim armies capture the island of Rhodes | |
The first attempt to capture Constantinople fails | |
672 . |
51AH 24 Zulhijjah 53AH 5 Muharam |
673 . |
53AH 6 Muharam 54AH 16 Muharam |
674 . |
54AH 17 Muharam 55AH 27 Muharam |
675 . |
55AH 28 Muharam 56AH 8 Safar |
676 . |
56AH 9 Safar 57AH 20 Safar |
677 . |
57AH 21 Safar 58AH 1 Rabiulawal |
678 . |
58AH 2 Rabiulawal 59AH 11 Rabiulawal |
Death of Aisha binti Abu Bakar wife of Prophet Muhammad and the source of a large number of Hadith | |
679 . |
59AH 12 Rabiulawal 60AH 21 Rabiulawal |
680 . |
60AH 22 Rabiulawal 61AH 3 Rabiulthani |
Death of Muawiya ibn Abu Sufyan | |
Yazid son of Muawiya becomes Omayyad ruler | |
The tragedy of Karbala, Hussain ibn Ali,grandson of the Prophet is martyred | |
Beginning of Yawm e Ashoora | |
681 . |
61AH 4 Rabiulthani 62AH 14 Rabiulthani |
682 . |
62AH 15 Rabiulthani 63AH 25 Rabiulthani |
683 . |
63AH 26 Rabiulthani 64AH 7 Jamadilawal |
Yazid sacks Madina | |
Uqba bin Nafi conquers North Africa | |
Death of Yazid: Muawiya II succeeds him | |
684 . |
64AH 8 Jamadilawal 65AH 18 Jamadilawal |
Marwan I becomes the Caliph | |
685 . |
65AH 19 Jamadilawal 66AH 28 Jamadilawal |
Abdul Malik becomes the Caliph | |
Construction of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem | |
Muslim armies advance into Central Asia | |
686 . |
66AH 29 Jamadilawal 67AH 9 Jamadilthani |
687 . |
10 Jamadilthani 67AH 20 Jamadilthani 68AH |
688 . |
21 Jamadilthani 68AH 2 Rejab 69AH |
689 . |
3 Rejab 69AH 13 Rejab 70AH |
690 . |
14 Rejab 70AH 24 Rejab 71AH |
Omayyad armies reach the Atlantic Ocean | |
691 . |
25 Rejab 71AH 5 Syaban 72AH |
Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem is completed | |
692 . |
6 Syaban 72AH 17 Syaban 73AH |
Abdul Malik mints the first coins of the Islamic state | |
693 . |
18 Syaban 73AH 27 Syaban 74AH |
Al Hajjaj also known as al Hajjaj the cruel becomes governor of Iraq | |
694 . |
28 Syaban 74AH 8 Ramadan 75AH |
Construction of the Omayyad Mosque in Damascus | |
695 . |
9 Ramadan 75AH 19 Ramadan 76AH |
696 . |
20 Ramadan 76AH 1 Syawal 77AH |
697 . |
2 Syawal 77AH 11 Syawal 78AH |
698 . |
12 Syawal 78AH 22 Syawal 79AH |
699 . |
23 Syawal 79AH 3 Zulqa'dah 80AH |
Death of Al Juhani rationalist, philosopher | |
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700 . |
4 Zulqa'dah 80AH 15 Zulqa'dah 81AH |
701 |
16 Zulqa'dah 81AH 26 Zulqa'dah 82AH |
702 |
27 Zulqa'dah 82AH 7 Zulhijjah 83AH |
703 . |
8 Zulhijjah 83AH 17 Zulhijjah 84AH |
704 . |
18 Zulhijjah 84AH 28 Zulhijjah 85AH |
705 . |
29 Zulhijjah 85AH 10 Muharam 87AH |
Al Walid I becomes the Caliph and begins a vigorous expansion of the empire | |
706 . |
11 Muharam 87AH 20 Muharam 88AH |
707 . |
21 Muharam 88AH 1 Safar 89AH |
708 . |
2 Safar 89AH 13 Safar 90AH |
709 . |
14 Safar 90AH 24 Safar 91AH |
710 . |
25 Safar 91AH 6 Rabiulawal 92AH |
711 . |
7 Rabiulawal 92AH 16 Rabiulawal 93AH |
Tariq ibn Ziyad lands in Spain. Visigoth army under Rodriguez is defeated at the Battle of Buhayrah | |
Muhammad bin Qasim lands at Debal subdues Baluchistan , Sindh , Multan and southern Punjab | |
712 . |
17 Rabiulawal 93AH 27 Rabiulawal 94AH |
Musa ibn Nusair advances into Leon, Astoria, and Galicia | |
Beginning of 780 years of Muslim rule in Andalus | |
Jewish golden age in Spain | |
Death of Imam Zainul Abedin | |
713 . |
28 Rabiulawal 94AH 8 Rabiulthani 95AH |
Zaid bin Zainul Abedin organizes resistance to the Omayyads. Beginning of the Zaidi branch. | |
Muslim armies capture Lyons in France | |
714 . |
9 Rabiulthani 95AH 19 Rabiulthani 96AH |
Muhammad bin Qasim recalled from Sindh by Hajjaj bin Yusuf and imprisoned until death | |
Muslims capture Normandy in France | |
715 . |
20 Rabiulthani 96AH 29 Rabiulthani 97AH |
Sulaiman becomes Umayyad Caliph | |
Musa ibn Nusair recalled from Spain by Caliph Sulaiman, stripped of all power and banished into the desert | |
716 . |
1 Jamadilawal 97AH 12 Jamadilawal 98AH |
717 . |
13 Jamadilawal 98AH 23 Jamadilawal 99AH |
Omar bin Abdul Aziz becomes the Caliph and attempts reconciliation in the Islamic community. He lowers taxes on peasants in Persia and Egypt. | |
The Byzantines repulse a second Muslim attempt to capture Constantinople. | |
Spread of Islam into Persia and Egypt picks up momentum | |
718 . |
24 Jamadilawal 99AH 4 Jamadilthani 100AH |
719 . |
5 Jamadilthani 100AH 14 Jamadilthani 101AH |
Omar bin Abdul Aziz is poisoned | |
Yazid II becomes the Caliph | |
720 . |
15 Jamadilthani 101AH 26 Jamadilthani 102AH |
Muslim armies cross the Pyrenees and occupy southern France | |
721 . |
27 Jamadilthani 102AH 7 Rejab 103AH |
722 . |
8 Rejab 103AH 17 Rejab 104AH |
723 . |
18 Rejab 104AH 28 Rejab 105AH |
724 . |
29 Rejab 105AH 10 Syaban 106AH |
Hisham becomes the Caliph | |
725 . |
11 Syaban 106AH 21 Syaban 107AH |
726 . |
22 Syaban 107AH 2 Ramadan 108AH |
727 . |
3 Ramadan 108AH 13 Ramadan 109AH |
728 . |
14 Ramadan 109AH 25 Ramadan 110AH |
Death of Hasan al Basri,well known Sufi Shaykh | |
729 . |
26 Ramadan 110AH 6 Syawal 111AH |
730 . |
7 Syawal 111AH 16 Syawal 112AH |
731 . |
17 Syawal 112AH 26 Syawal 113AH |
Death of Imam al Baqir | |
732 . |
27 Syawal 113AH 8 Zulqa'dah 114AH |
Charles Martel stops the Muslim advance into Europe at the Battle of Tours | |
733 . |
9 Zulqa'dah 114AH 19 Zulqa'dah 115AH |
734 . |
20 Zulqa'dah 115AH 30 Zulqa'dah 116AH |
735 . |
1 Zulhijjah 116AH 11 Zulhijjah 117AH |
Muslim armies advance through southern France and occupy mountain passes in Switzerland | |
736 . |
12 Zulhijjah 117AH 23 Zulhijjah 118AH |
737 . |
24 Zulhijjah 118AH 4 Muharam 120AH |
738 . |
5 Muharam 120AH 15 Muharam 121AH |
739 . |
16 Muharam 121AH 25 Muharam 122AH |
740 . |
26 Muharam 122AH 7 Safar 123AH |
Death of Imam Zaid bin Zain ul Abedin | |
741 . |
8 Safar 123AH 17 Safar 124AH |
742 . |
18 Safar 124AH 28 Safar 125AH |
743 . |
29 Safar 125AH 9 Rabiulawal 126AH |
Al Walid II becomes the Caliph | |
744 . |
10 Rabiulawal 126AH 21 Rabiulawal 127AH |
Abu Muslim is appointed the chief dayee of Khorasan | |
Yazid III, Ibrahim and Marwan II become the Caliphs in rapid succession | |
745 . |
22 Rabiulawal 127AH 3 Rabiulthani 128AH |
Imam Jaafar as Saadiq discusses Fiqh issues in his study circles. Imam Abu Haneefa participates in these studies and benefits from them. | |
746 . |
4 R.T 128AH 13 R.T 129AH |
Beginning of the Abbasid revolution in Khorasan | |
747 . |
14 R.T 129AH 24 R.T 130AH |
Kufa falls to the Abbasids. Abu Muslim nominates Abul Abbas as the first Abbasid Caliph | |
748 . |
25 R.T 130AH 6 J.A 131AH |
749 . |
7 J.A 131AH 16 J.A 132AH |
750 . |
17 J.A 132AH 27 J.A 133AH |
The Abbasid Revolution | |
The Abbasid forces defeat the Caliph Marwan at the Battle of Zab. The Umayyads are swept away from power and are slaughtered | |
Andur Rahman I escapes to Spain | |
Beginning of the Abbasid Caliphate in Baghdad. Abu Abbas al Saffah becomes the first Abbasid Caliph | |
751 . |
28 J.A 133AH 8 J.T 134AH |
Battle of Tlas.The Muslim armies are victorious over the forces of the Tang Empire. China cedes Central Asia to the Caliphate | |
Systematic development of Fiqh begins | |
752 . |
9 J.T 134AH 20 J.T 135AH |
753 . |
21 J.T 135AH 1 Rej 136AH |
754 . |
2 Rej 136AH 12 Rej 137AH |
Al Mansur becomes the Caliph,sends troops into China in response to a request for help from the Tang Emperor Tsung. | |
755 . |
13 Rej 137AH 22 Rej 138AH |
The Umayyad Abdur Rahman I establishes the Umayyad Emirate in Cordoba Spain | |
756 . |
23 Rej 138AH 4 Syab 139AH |
757 . |
5 Syab 139AH 15 Syab 140AH |
758 . |
16 Syab 140AH 25 Syab 141AH |
759 . |
26 Syab 141AH 6 Ramad 142AH |
The Franks recapture Narbonne from the Muslims | |
760 . |
7 Ramad 142AH 18 Ramad 143AH |
Death of Imam Ismail, son of Imam Jaafar as Saadiq | |
Beginning of the Fatimid branch among Muslims | |
761 . |
19 Ramad 143AH 29 Ramad 144AH |
762 . |
30 Ramad 144AH 10 Syaw 145AH |
763 . |
11 Syaw 145AH 21 Syaw 146AH |
Baghdad becomes the seat of the Caliphate and the cradle of Islamic civilization | |
764 . |
22 Syaw 146AH 3 Zulqa' 147AH |
765 . |
4 Zulqa' 147AH 13 Zulqa' 148AH |
Death of Imam Jaafar as Saadiq one of the principal sources of Fiqh. Caliph al Mansur establishes schools of translation in Baghdad. | |
Muslims come into contact with Greek philosophy and Indian mathematics | |
766 . |
14 Zulqa' 148AH 24 Zulqa' 149AH |
767 . |
25 Zulqa' 149AH 5 Zulhij 150AH |
768 . |
6 Zulhij 150AH 16 Zulhij 151AH |
Death of Imam Abu Haneefa after whom the Hanafi school of Fiqh is named. | |
Charlemagne ( 768-814) ascends the Frankish throne. | |
769 . |
17 Zulhij 151AH 27 Zulhij 152AH |
770 . |
28 Zulhij 152AH 8 Muh 154AH |
771 . |
9 Muh 154AH 19 Muh 155AH |
772 . |
20 Muh 155AH 1 Saf 156AH |
773 . |
2 Saf 156AH 12 Saf 157AH |
774 . |
13 Saf 157H 22 Saf 158H |
775 . |
23 Saf 158H 3 R.A 159H |
Al Mahdi becomes the Caliph | |
776 . |
4 R.A 159H 15 R.A 160H |
777
. |
16 R.A 160H 25 R.A 161H |
778 . |
26 R.A 161H 6 R.T 162H |
Charlemagne of France raids Muslim Spain | |
779 . |
7 R.T 162H 17 R.T 163H |
780 . |
18 R.T 163H 29 R.T 164H |
Charlemagne invades German territories and converts the Germans to Christianity | |
781 . |
1 J.A 164H 11 J.A 165H |
Ibn Jabir invents the science of chemistry | |
782 . |
12 J.A 165H 21 J.A 166H |
783 . |
22 J.A 166H 2 J.T 167H |
784 . |
3 J.T 167H 13 J.T 168H |
785 . |
14 J.T 168H 24 J.T 169H |
Al Hadi becomes the Caliph | |
786 . |
25 J.T 169H 5 Rej 170H |
Harun al Rashid becomes the Caliph. Golden age of Baghdad | |
787 . |
6 Rej 170H 16 Rej 171H |
788 . |
17 Rej 171H 28 Rej 172H |
Beginning of the Idrisid dynasty in North Africa | |
789 . |
29 Rej 172H 9 Syab 173H |
790 . |
10 Syab 173H 20 Syab 174H |
The manufacture of paper is introduced into Baghdad from China | |
791 |
21 Syab 174H 1 Ramad 175H |
792 . |
2 Ramad 175H 12 Ramad 176H |
793 . |
13 Ramad 176H 22 Ramad 177H |
794 . |
23 Ramad 177H 3 Syaw 178H |
795 . |
4 Syaw 178H 14 Syaw 179H |
Death of Imam Malik bin Anas, after whom the Maliki school of Fiqh is named | |
796
. |
15 Syaw 179H 26 Syaw 180H |
797
. |
27 Syaw 180H 7 Zulqa' 181H |
798 . |
8 Zulqa' 181H 18 Zulqa' 182H |
799 . |
19 Zulqa' 182H 29 Zulqa' 183H |
Zubaida, wife of Harun al Rashid performs the Hajj and builds rest houses for hajjis on the road | |
Death of Imam Muza al Kazim | |
800 . |
30 Zulqa' 183H 11 Zulhij 184H |
Harun al Rashid and Charlemagne exchange ambassadors | |
801 . |
12 Zulhij 184H 21 Zulhij 185H |
The city of Fez is established | |
Charlemagne begins an invasion of Muslim Spain | |
802 . |
22 Zulhij 185H 2 Muh 187H |
Death of Rabia al Adawiya one of the most celebrated spiritual luminaries and a teacher of Sufi masters | |
803 . |
3 Muh 187H 13 Muh 188H |
804 . |
14 Muh 188H 24 Muh 189H |
805 . |
25 Muh 189H 6 Saf 190H |
806 . |
7 Saf 190H 17 Saf 191H |
807 . |
191H 18 Saf 192H 27 Saf |
808 . |
28 Saf 192H 9 R.A 193H |
809 . |
10 R.A 193H 20 R.A 194H |
Death of Harun al Rashid. Al Amin becomes the Caliph in Baghdad | |
810 . |
21 R.A 194H 1 R.T 195H |
811 . |
2 R.T 195H 11 R.T 196H |
812 . |
12 R.T 196H 22 R.T 197H |
813 . |
23 R.T 197H 4 J.A 198H |
Al Mamun succeeds his brother Al Amin as the Caliph | |
814 . |
5 J.A 198H 15 J.A 199H |
Death of Charlemagne. The Carolingian Empire in Europe begins to disintegrate | |
815 . |
16 J.A 199H 26 J.A 200H |
Al Khwarizmi invents the science of Algebra and develops the mathematics of equations | |
Viking raids from the North ravage Europe | |
The Abbasid Empire begins a slow process of disintegration. The Idrisids in North Africa and the Tahirids in Persia become autonomous | |
816 . |
27 J.A 200H 8 J.T 201H |
817 . |
9 J.T 201H 18 J.T 202H |
818 . |
19 J.T 202H 29 J.T 203H |
Death of Imam Ali al Rida | |
819 . |
30 J.T 203H 10 Rej 204H |
820 . |
11 Rej 204H 21 Rej 205H |
Death of Imam al Shafie after whom the Shafie school of Fiqh is named. | |
Rise of the Aghlabids in North Africa | |
821 . |
22 Rej 205H 2 Syab 206H |
822 . |
3 Syab 206H 13 Syab 207H |
Music flourishes at the court of Cordoba under the musician al Zirhab | |
The Aghlabid armies from North Africa invade Sicily | |
823 . |
14 Syab 207H 24 Syab 208H |
824 . |
25 Syab 208H 6 Ramad 209H |
825 . |
7 Ramad 209H 17 Ramad 210H |
826 . |
18 Ramad 210H 28 Ramad 211H |
827 . |
29 Ramad 211H 8 Syaw 212H |
Caliph al Mamun adopts Mutazilite doctrines as court dogma | |
The Idrisids capture Crete, Sardinia and Sicily | |
828 . |
9 Syaw 212H 20 Syaw 213H |
829 . |
21 Syaw 213H 1 Zulqa' 214H |
830 . |
2 Zulqa' 214H 11 Zulqa' 215H |
Caliph al Mamun patronizes the Bait ul Hikmah (House of Wisdom) in Baghdad and encourages translation of Greek and Sanskrit books into arabic. The Muslims develop concept of decimals in mathematics | |
831 . |
12 Zulqa' 215H 22 Zulqa' 216H |
Muslims capture Palermo Italy | |
832 . |
23 Zulqa' 216H 4 Zulhij 217H |
833 . |
5 Zulhij 217H 15 Zulhij 218H |
Death of Al Mamun. Al Mutasim becomes the Caliph and enlists Turks into the army | |
834 . |
16 Zulhij 218H 26 Zulhij 219H |
835 . |
27 Zulhij 219H 7 Muh 221H |
Death of Imam al Jawwad | |
836 . |
8 Muh 221H 18 Muh 222H |
837 . |
19 Muh 222H 29 Muh 223H |
838 . |
30 Muh 223H 10 Saf 224H |
Umayyad armies from Spain occupy Marseilles France | |
839 . |
11 Saf 224H 20 Saf 225H |
840 . |
21 Saf 225H 3 R.A 226H |
Death of Al Khwarizmi mathematician , Sufi Shaykh | |
841 . |
4 Rabiulawal 226H 14 Rabiulawal 227H |
842 . |
15 Rabiulawal 227H 25 Rabiulawal 228H |
Al Wathiq becomes the Caliph | |
843 . |
26 Rabiulawal 228H 6 Rabiulthani 229H |
844 . |
7 Rabiulthani 229H 17 Rabiulthani 230H |
845 . |
18 Rabiulthani 230H 28 Rabiulthani 231H |
846 . |
29 Rabiulthani 231H 8 Jamadilawal 232 |
The Aghlabids in North Africa occupy Pisa and conduct a raid on Rome | |
847 . |
9 Jamadilawal 232H 19 Jamadilawal 233H |
Al Mutawakkil becomes the Caliph abandons Mutazilite doctrines | |
848 . |
20 Jamadilawal 233H 1 Jamadilthani 234H |
849 . |
2 Jamadilthani 234H 12 Jamadilthani 235H |
850 . |
13 Jamadilthani 235H 23 Jamadilthani 236H |
Turkish influence in the Caliphate grows | |
851 . |
24 Jamadilthani 236H 4 Rejab 237H |
852 . |
5 Rejab 237H 16 Rejab 238H |
853 . |
17 Rejab 238H 26 Rejab 239H |
854 . |
27 Rejab 239H 7 Syaban 240H |
855 . |
8 Syaban 240H 17 Syaban 241H |
Death of Imam ibn Hanbal after whom the Hanbali school of FIqh is named | |
856 . |
18 Syaban 241H 29 Syaban 242H |
857 . |
30 Syaban 242H 10 Ramadan 243H |
858 . |
11 Ramadan 243H 21 Ramadan 244H |
859 . |
22 Ramadan 244H 2 Syawal 245H |
860 . |
3 Syawal 245H 14 Syawal 246H |
861 . |
15 Syawal 246H 25 Syawal 247H |
University of Kairaouine ( established 859 CE ) in Fes Morocco. Caliph al Mutawakkil is murdered in Baghdad. Al Muntasir becomes the Caliph | |
862 . |
26 Syawal 247H 6 Zulqa'dah 248H |
863 . |
7 Zulqa'dah 248H 16 Zulqa'dah 249H |
864 . |
17 Zulqa'dah 249H 28 Zulqa'dah 250H |
865 . |
29 Zulqa'dah 250H 8 Zulhijjah 251H |
866 . |
9 Zulhijjah 251H 19 Zulhijjah 252H |
Al Mutaz becomes the Caliph | |
867 . |
20 Zulhijjah 252H 30 Zulhijjah 253H |
868 . |
1 Muharram 254H 12 Muharram 255H |
Egypt becomes autonomous under the Tulunids | |
Palermo in Sicily becomes a center of Islamic learning | |
Death of Imam al Hadi | |
869 . |
13 Muharram 255H 23 Muharram 256H |
870 . |
24 Muharram 256H 4 Safar 257H |
The Zanj workers from East Africa revolt in Iraq | |
Death of Al Farabi and Al Kindi noted men of science | |
Death of Al Tabari renowned physician | |
The Muslims capture Malta | |
Al Mutamid becomes the Caliph in Baghdad | |
871 . |
5 Safar 257H 15 Safar 258H |
872 . |
16 Safar 258H 26 Safar 259H |
873 . |
27 Safar 259H 7 Rabiulawal 260H |
874 . |
8 Rabiulawal 260H 18 Rabiulawal 261H |
Death of Abul Hussain Muslim, compiler of Hadith | |
Death of Imam al Askari | |
Death of Al Kindi mathematician astronomer | |
Death of Al Bistami one of the most celebrated Sufi Shaikhs | |
875 . |
19 Rabiulawal 261H 28 Rabiulawal 262H |
Hamdan Karamat starts the Karamatian movement | |
The Sassanids establish themselves in Bokhara | |
876 . |
29 Rabiulawal 262H 11 Rabiulthani 263H |
877 . |
12 Rabiulthani 263H 22 Rabiulthani 264H |
878 . |
23 Rabiulthani 264H 3 Jamadilawal 265H |
Disappearance of Imam al Muntazar the Twelth Imam | |
Beginning of belief in the hidden Imam | |
879 . |
4 Jamadilawal 265H 14 Jamadilawal 266H |
880 . |
15 Jamadilawal 266H 25 Jamadilawal 267H |
The Aghlabids lose southern Italy to Christian forces | |
881 . |
26 Jamadilawal 267H 6 Jamadilthani 268H |
882 . |
7 Jamadilthani 268H 16 Jamadilthani 269H |
A rebellion of the Zanj in Iraq is crushed | |
883 . |
17 Jamadilthani 269H 27 Jamadilthani 270H |
884 . |
28 Jamadilthani 270H 9 Rejab 271H |
885 . |
10 Rejab 271H 20 Rejab 272H |
886 . |
21 Rejab 272H 1 Syaban 273H |
887 . |
2 Syaban 273H 12 Syaban 274H |
Peasant revolt in China against foreigners forces out the Muslims of Canton | |
888 . |
13 Syaban 274H 23 Syaban 275H |
889 . |
24 Syaban 275H 4 Ramadan 276H |
Death of Ibn Kutaiba historian | |
890 . |
5 Ramadan 276H 15 Ramadan 277H |
Spanish Muslims re-establish bases in southern France and conduct raids into Switzerland | |
891 . |
16 Ramadan 277H 25 Ramadan 278H |
892 . |
26 Ramadan 278H 7 Syawal 279H |
Death of Muhammed al Tharmidi historian | |
Al Mutadid becomes the Caliph | |
893 . |
8 Syawal 279H 18 Syawal 280H |
The Karamatians capture Yemen | |
894 . |
19 Syawal 280H 29 Syawal 281H |
895 . |
30 Syawal 281H 10 Syawal 282H |
896 . |
11 Syawal 282H 22 Zulqa'dah 283H |
897 . |
23 Zulqa'dah 283H 3 Zulhijjah 284H |
898 . |
4 Zulhijjah 284H 14 Zulhijjah 285H |
Imam al Hadi Yahya establishes a Zaidi state in Yemen | |
899 . |
15 Zulhijjah 285H 24 Zulhijjah 286H |
900 . |
25 Zulhijjah 286H 6 Muharram 288H |
The Arabian Nights are compiled | |
Improvements appear in the design and use of the Astrolabe | |
The Kharijites establish a dynasty in Sijilmasa North Africa | |
901 . |
7 Muharram 288H 16 Muharram 289H |
The Samanids emerge in Khorasan Persia | |
902 . |
17 Muharram 289H 27 Muharram 290H |
Al Muktafi becomes the Caliph | |
903 . |
28 Muharram 290H 9 Safar 291H |
The Karamatians plunder Damascus | |
904 . |
10 Safar 291H 20 Safar 292H |
Muslim armies capture Solonika from the Byzantines | |
905 . |
21 Safar 292H - 2 Rabiulawwal 293H |
906 . |
3 Rabiulawwal 293H 12 Rabiulawwal 294H |
907 . |
13 Rabiulawwal 294H 22 Rabiulawwal 295H |
Abu Abdullah Fatimid leader moves to North Africa | |
908 . |
23 Rabiulawal 295H 4 Rabiulthani 296H |
Al Muqtadir becomes the Caliph in Baghdad | |
909 . |
5 Rabiulthani 296H 15 Rabiulthani 297H |
The Fatimids establish themselves in North Africa | |
Ubaidulla al Mahdi becomes the first Fatimid Caliph | |
910 . |
16 Rabiulthani 297 25 Rabiulthani 298H |
Al Razi conducts research into infectious diseases including small pox,rabies and the plague | |
911 . |
26 Rabiulthani 298H 7 Jamadilawwal 299H |
912 . |
8 Jamadilawwal 299H 19 Jamadilawwal 300H |
Reign of Abdul Rahman III in Spain (912 - 961). Cordoba becomes the premier city of Europe. Golden age of Spain. Science and civilization thrive. | |
913 . |
20 Jamadilawwal 300H 30 Jamadilawwal 301H |
914 . |
1 Jamadilthani 301H 11 Jamadilthani 302 |
Nasr al Saeed of the Samanids in Khorasan favors the Fatimids over the Abbasids | |
915 . |
12 Jamadilthani 302 21 Jamadilthani 303H |
The Kharijites establish themselves in southern Morocco | |
The Fatimids raid Egypt | |
916 . |
22 Jamadilthani 303H 3 Rejab 304H |
917 . |
4 Rejab 304H 14 Rejab 305H |
918 . |
15 Rejab 305H 24 Rejab 306H |
919 . |
25 Rejab 306H 5 Syaban 307H |
920 . |
6 Syaban 307H 17 Syaban 308H |
921 . |
18 Syaban 308H 28 Syaban 309H |
922 . |
29 Syaban 309H 9 Ramadan 310H |
Mansur al Hallaj Persian mystic is executed for his esoteric views | |
Beginning of the Tahirid dynasty in Iraq | |
923 . |
10 Ramadan 310H 20 Ramadan 311H |
Death of Abu Tabari, noted commentator on the Quran | |
924 . |
21 Ramadan 311H 2 Syawal 312H |
925 . |
3 Syawal 312H 12 Syawal 313H |
Death of Al Razi doctor of medicine | |
926 . |
13 Syawal 313H 22 Syawal 314H |
927 . |
23 Syawal 314H 3 Zulqa'dah 315H |
928 . |
4 Zulqa'dah 315H 15 Zulqa'dah 316H |
929 . |
16 Zulqa'dah 316H 26 Zulqa'dah 317H |
In response to Fatimid claims to the Caliphate, Abdul Rahman III of Spain assumes the title of Caliph and protector of Sunni Muslims in North Africa | |
930 . |
27 Zulqa'dah 317H 8 Zulhijjah 318H |
The Karamatians raid Mecca and carry off the Hijr e Aswad from the Haram to Bahrain | |
931 . |
9 Zulhijjah 318H 18 Zulhijjah 319H |
Abdur Rahman III occupies Ceuta | |
The Fatimids capture Algeria | |
932 . |
19 Zulhijjah 319H 30 Zulhijjah 320H |
The Buyids establish their rule in southern Iraq | |
Al Qahir becomes the Caliph in Baghdad | |
933 . |
1 Muharram 321H 11 Muharram 322H |
The Ishkedids displace the Tulunids in Egypt and rule until 969 | |
934 . |
12 Muharram 322H 21 Muharram 323H |
Al Radi becomes the Abbasid Caliph | |
Al Qaim becomes the Fatimid Caliph | |
935 . |
22 Muharram 323H 2 Safar 324H |
936 . |
3 Safar 324H 14 Safar 325H |
Death of Al Ashari (874-936), highly influential theologian who reconciled Mutazilite doctrines with orthodox theology. Author of ''occasionalism' in philosophy | |
937 . |
15 Safar 325H 25 Safar 326H |
938 . |
26 Safar 326H 6 Rabiulawwal 327H |
939 . |
7 Rabiulawwal 327H 17 Rabiulawwal 328H |
Abdul RAhman III of Spain captures Fraxinetum, Valais,Geneva, Toulon and Great St. Bernard | |
940 . |
18 Rabiulawwal 328H 28 Rabiulawwal 329H |
Extensive postal services are established by the Abbasids | |
Al Muttaqi becomes the Abbasid Caliph | |
941 . |
29 Rabiulawwal 329H 9 Rabiulthani 330H |
942 . |
10 Rabiulthani 330H 20 Rabiulthani 331H |
943 . |
21 Rabiulthani 331H 1 Jamadilawwal 332H |
944 . |
2 Jamadilawwal 332H 12 Jamadilawwal 333H |
945 . |
13 Jamadilawwal 333H 23 Jamadilawwal 334H |
The Buyids temporarily capture Baghdad | |
946 . |
24 Jamadilawwal 334H 4 Jamadilthani 335H |
Al Mutee becomes the Abbasid Caliph | |
Al Mansur becomes the Fatimid Caliph | |
947 . |
5 Jamadilthani 335H 15 Jamadilthani 336H |
948 . |
16 Jamadilthani 336H 27 Jamadilthani 337H |
949 . |
28 Jamadilthani 337H 8 Rejab 338H |
950 . |
9 Rejab 338H 19 Rejab 339H |
Death of Al Farabi , noted scientist, philosopher, jurist,author of treatises on ethics, music and logic, Sufi Shaykh | |
951 . |
20 Rejab 339H 29 Rejab 340H |
The Ikhwan as Safa in Iraq compile an Ecyclopedia of Knowledge | |
952 . |
30 Rejab 340H 11 Syaban 341H |
953 . |
12 Syaban 341H 21 Syaban 342H |
Al Muiz becomes the Fatimid Caliph in North Africa | |
954 . |
22 Syaban 342H 2 Ramadan 342H |
955 . |
3 Ramadan 342H 13 Ramadan 344H |
Sharp naval engagements between the navies of Al Muiz and Abdul Rahman III off the coast of Spain | |
956 . |
14 Ramadan 344H 25 Ramadan 345H |
957 . |
26 Ramadan 345H 6 Syawal 346H |
Al Masudi, the historian, passes away | |
958 . |
7 Syawal 346H 17 Syawal 347H |
959 . |
18 Syawal 347H 28 Syawal 348H |
960 . |
29 Syawal 348H 9 Zulqa'dah 349H |
961 . |
10 Zulqa'dah 349H 20 Zulqa'dah 350H |
Death of Abdul Rahman III | |
The Oghuz family of Turks in Central Asia accepts Islam | |
962 . |
21 Zulqa'dah 350H 1 Zulhijjah 351H |
The Seljuk, Alaptagin, establishes a kingdom in Ghazna Afghanistan | |
963 . |
2 Zulhijjah 351H 11 Zulhijjah 352H |
964 . |
12 Zulhijjah 352H 23 Zulhijjah 353H |
965 . |
24 Zulhijjah 353H 5 Muharram 355H |
966 . |
6 Muharram 355H 16 Muharram 356H |
967 . |
17 Muharram 356H 26 Muharram 357H |
968 . |
27 Muharram 357H 8 Safar 358H |
The Umayyads establish a university in Cordoba | |
969 . |
9 Safar 358H 19 Safar 359H |
The Fatimids conquer Egypt and establish the city of Cairo | |
970 . |
20 Safar 359H 29 Safar 360H |
The Fatimids capture Syria, Mecca and Madina and lay claim to the leadership of the Islamic world. Fatimid rule in Multan ( modern Pakistan ). Brisk trade between Alexandria, Egypt and Venice, Italy | |
971 . |
30 Safar 360H 10 Rabiulawwal 361H |
The Fatimids establish Al-Azhar University in Cairo | |
972 . |
11 Rabiulawwal 361H 22 Rabiulawwal 362H |
973 . |
23 Rabiulawwal 362H 3 Rabiulthani 363H |
974 . |
4 Rabiulthani 363H 14 Rabiulthani 364H |
Al Ta'ee becomes the Abbasid Caliph | |
975 . |
15 Rabiulthani 364H 25 Rabiulthani 365H |
Death of Al Muiz, Fatimid Caliph of Egypt. Al Aziz becomes the Fatimid Caliph | |
Muslim astronomers publish manuscripts showing constellations of stars | |
976 . |
26 Rabiulthani 365H 7 Jamadilawwal 366H |
977 . |
8 Jamadilawwal 366H 17 Jamadilawwal 367H |
978 . |
18 Jamadilawwal 367H 27 Jamadilawwal 368H |
979 . |
28 Jamadilawwal 368H 8 Jamadilthani 369H |
980 . |
9 Jamadilthani 369H 20 Jamadilthani 370H |
981 . |
21 Jamadilthani 370H 1 Rejab 371H |
982 . |
2 Rejab 371H 12 Rejab 372H |
983 . |
13 Rejab 372H 23 Rejab 373H |
984 . |
24 Rejab 373H 5 Syaban 374H |
985 . |
6 Syaban 374H 16 Syaban 375H |
986 . |
17 Syaban 375H 26 Syaban 376H |
987 . |
27 Syaban 376H 7 Ramadan 377H |
988 . |
8 Ramadan 377H 19 Ramadan 378H |
Count Vladimir of Kiev embraces Eastern Orthodox Christianity | |
989 . |
20 Ramadan 378H 29 Ramadan 379H |
990 . |
1 Syawal 379H 10 Syawal 380H |
991 . |
11 Syawal 380H 21 Syawal 381H |
Al Qadir becomes the Abbasid Caliph | |
992 . |
22 Syawal 381H 4 Zulqa'dah 382H |
993 . |
5 Zulqa'dah 382H 14 Zulqa'dah 383H |
994 . |
15 Zulqa'dah 383H 25 Zulqa'dah 384H |
995 . |
26 Zulqa'dah 384H 6 Zulhijjah 385H |
996 . |
7 Zulhijjah 385H 17 Zulhijjah 386H |
Al Hakim becomes the Fatimid Caliph | |
Pope Pious XI declares the Crusades against Muslim | |
997 . |
18 Zulhijjah 386H 28 Zulhijjah 387H |
Mahmud succeeds Alaptagin in Ghazna and dominates Central Asia | |
998 . |
29 Zulhijjah 387H 9 Muharram 389H |
999 . |
10 Muharram 389H 19 Muharram 390H |
Large scale Turkish migrations into Central Asia. |
|
Kara Khani Turks occupy Bukhara. |
|
Mahmud of Ghazna annexes Khorasan. |
|
1000 . |
20 Muharram 390H 2 Safar 391H |
Mahmud makes the first of seventeen raids into India. |
|
The Chinese use gunpowder to propel arrows. |
|
1001 . |
3 Safar 391H 13 Safar 392H |
Mahmud starts campaigns to capture Peshawar, Bhera, Nagarkot, Tarain, Thaneshwar and Kanauj in India. |
|
1002 . |
14 Safar 392H 23 Safar 393H |
1003 . |
24 Safar 393H 4 Rabiulawwal 394H |
1004 . |
5 Rabiulawwal 394H 16 Rabiulawwal 395H |
Mahmud defeats Dawud, Fatimid ruler of Multan. |
|
1005 . |
17 Rabiulawwal 395H 26 Rabiulawwal 396H |
1006 . |
27 Rabiulawwal 396H 7 Rabiulthani 397H |
1007 . |
8 Rabiulthani 397H 18 Rabiulthani 398H |
1008 . |
19 Rabiulthani 398H 30 Rabiulthani 399H |
1009 . |
1 Jamadilawwal 399H 11 Jamadilawwal 400H |
1010 . |
12 Jamadilawwal 400H 22 Jamadilawwal 401H |
1011 . |
23 Jamadilawwal 401H 3 Jamadilthani 402H |
1012 . |
4 Jamadilthani 402H 15 Jamadilthani 403H |
1013 . |
16 Jamadilthani 403H 25 Jamadilthani 404H |
1014 . |
26 Jamadilthani 404H 6 Rejab 405H |
1015 . |
7 Rejab 405H 16 Rejab 406H |
1016 . |
17 Rejab 406H 28 Rejab 407H |
The Christians reclaim Sardinia. |
|
1017 . |
29 Rejab 407H 9 Syaban 408H |
Beginning of the Druze sect in Lebanon. |
|
1018 . |
10 Syaban 408H 20 Syaban 409H |
1019 . |
21 Syaban 409H 1 Ramadan 410H |
1020 . |
2 Ramadan 410H 13 Ramadan 411H |
Death of Firdowsi of Persia, author of Shah Nama. |
|
Mahmud establishes Lahore as the capital of Punjab. |
|
Death of Fatimid Caliph al Hakim who had claimed divinity. |
|
1021 . |
14 Ramadan 411H 23 Ramadan 412H |
Al Zahir becomes the Fatimid Caliph. |
|
1022 . |
24 Ramadan 412H 4 Syawal 413H |
1023 . |
5 Syawal 413H 15 Syawal 414H |
1024 . |
16 Syawal 414H 26 Syawal 415H |
Mahmud raids temple of Somanath in Gujrat, India. |
|
1025 . |
27 Syawal 415H 8 Zulqa'dah 416H |
Al Baruni publishes Kitab ul Hind, a penetrating study of the people of India. |
|
1026 . |
9 Zulqa'dah 416H 19 Zulqa'dah 417H |
1027 . |
20 Zulqa'dah 417H 30 Zulqa'dah 418H |
1028 . |
1 Zulhijjah 418H 12 Zulhijjah 419H |
1029 . |
13 Zulhijjah 419H 22 Zulhijjah 420H |
1030 . |
23 Zulhijjah 420H 3 Muharram 422H |
Death of Mahmud of Ghazna. |
|
1031 . |
4 Muharram 422H 14 Muharram 423H |
The Umayyad Caliphate of Cordoba disintegrates. Spain breaks up into petty emirates. The Christian kingdoms of Castille, Leon and Portugal position themselves to attack the Muslim territories. |
|
Al Qaim becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad. |
|
1032 . |
15 Muharram 423H 25 Muharram 424H |
The Church of Constantinople breaks with the Church of Rome over the issue of icons in the Church. |
|
1033 . |
26 Muharram 424H 6 Safar 425H |
1034 . |
7 Safar 425H 17 Safar 426H |
1035 . |
18 Safar 426H 28 Safar 427H |
1036 . |
29 Safar 427H 10 Rabiulawwal 428H |
Taghril Beg becomes Seljuk Sultan. |
|
Al Mustansir becomes the Fatimid Caliph. |
|
1037 . |
11 Rabiulawwal 428H 21 Rabiulawwal 429H |
Death of Abu Ali ibn Sina, one of the greatest of physicians. |
|
Ferdinand I, king of Castille, captures Leon. |
|
1038 . |
22 Rabiulawwal 429H 2 Rabiulthani 430H |
Death of Al Hazen, noted physicist. |
|
1039 . |
3 Rabiulthani 430H 12 Rabiulthani 431H |
1040 . |
13 Rabiulthani 431H 23 Rabiulthani 432H |
1041 . |
24 Rabiulthani 432H 4 Jamadilawwal 433H |
1042 . |
5 Jamadilawwal 433H 15 Jamadilawwal 434H |
1043 . |
16 Jamadilawwal 434H 26 Jamadilawwal 435H |
The Fatimid Empire begins to crumble. Mecca, Madina, Yemen and North Africa are lost by the Fatimids. |
|
1044 . |
27 Jamadilawwal 435H 8 Jamadilthani 436H |
1045 . |
9 Jamadilthani 436H 19 Jamadilthani 437H |
1046 . |
20 Jamadilthani 437H 30 Jamadilthani 438H |
1047 . |
1 Rejab 438H 11 Rejab 439H |
1048 . |
12 Rejab 439H 22 Rejab 440H |
Death of al Bairuni, historian, author of Kitab ul Hind. |
|
1049 . |
23 Rejab 440H 3 Syaban 441H |
1050 . |
4 Syaban 441H 14 Syaban 442H |
The Christians advance in Sicily. |
|
1051 . |
15 Syaban 442H 24 Syaban 443H |
Beginning of the Murabitun revolution in West Africa. |
|
1052 . |
25 Syaban 443H 6 Ramadan 444H |
1053 . |
7 Ramadan 444H 17 Ramadan 445H |
1054 . |
18 Ramadan 445H 28 Ramadan 446H |
1055 . |
29 Ramadan 446H 9 Syawal 447H |
1056 . |
10 Syawal 447H 21 Syawal 448H |
The Seljuk Taghril Beg and the Buyid Basisiri contest the control of Baghdad. |
|
1057 . |
22 Syawal 448H 2 Zulqa'dah 449H |
1058 . |
3 Zulqa'dah 449H 12 Zulqa'dah 450H |
Taghril Beg is anointed by Abbasid Caliph Kaim as “sultan of the east and the west” for his role in protecting the Abbasid Caliphate. |
|
1059 . |
13 Zulqa'dah 450H 23 Zulqa'dah 451H |
1060 . |
24 Zulqa'dah 451H 5 Zulhijjah 452H |
The Seljuk Turks advance into Persia, Azerbaijan and Armenia. |
|
The Crusaders raid the coast of North Africa. |
|
1061 . |
6 Zulhijjah 452H 16 Zulhijjah 453H |
The Murabitun capture Morocco. |
|
The Murabitun establish the city of Marrakesh as their capital. |
|
1062 . |
17 Zulhijjah 453H 27 Zulhijjah 454H |
1063 . |
28 Zulhijjah 454H 8 Muharram 456H |
Taghril Beg dies childless. His nephew Alap Arsalan becomes the Seljuk sultan. |
|
1064 . |
9 Muharram 456H 20 Muharram 457H |
1065 . |
21 Muharram 457H 1 Safar 458H |
1066 . |
2 Safar 458H 11 Safar 459H |
1067 . |
12 Safar 459H 21 Safar 460H |
1068 . |
22 Safar 460H 3 Rabiulawwal 461H |
Beginning of the Songhay Empire in West Africa. |
|
1069 . |
4 Rabiulawwal 461H 14 Rabiulawwal 462H |
1070 . |
15 Rabiulawwal 462H 25 Rabiulawwal 463H |
1071 . |
26 Rabiulawwal 463H 6 Rabiulthani 464H |
1072 . |
7 Rabiulthani 464H 18 Rabiulthani 465H |
Battle of Manzikert. The Seljuk Turks under Alap Arsalan defeat the Byzantines under Emperor Romanus and open up Anatolia for Turkish settlement. |
|
The Christians capture Palermo in Sicily. |
|
1073 . |
19 Rabiulthani 465H 28 Rabiulthani 466H |
1074 . |
29 Rabiulthani 466H 9 Jamadilawwal 467H |
1075 . |
10 Jamadilawwal 467H 20 Jamadilawwal 468H |
The Seljuk Sultan Malik Shah retakes Syria from the Fatimids. |
|
Al Muqtadi becomes the Abbasid Caliph. |
|
1076 . |
21 Jamadilawwal 468H 2 Jamadilthani 469H |
1077 . |
3 Jamadilthani 469H 12 Jamadilthani 470H |
Birth of Abdul Qader Jeelani, celebrated Sufi sage. |
|
1078 . |
13 Jamadilthani 470H 23 Jamadilthani 471H |
1079 . |
24 Jamadilthani 471H 4 Rejab 472H |
1080 . |
5 Rejab 472H 16 Rejab 473H |
1081 . |
17 Rejab 473H 27 Rejab 474H |
1082 . |
28 Rejab 474H 8 Syaban 475H |
1083 . |
9 Syaban 475H 19 Syaban 476H |
1084 . |
20 Syaban 476H 1 Ramadan 477H |
1085 . |
2 Ramadan 477H 11 Ramadan 478H |
Alfonso I of Castile captures Toledo, the ancient capital of Visigoth Spain. The extensive libraries of Toledo become accessible to Christian Europe. |
|
1086 . |
12 Ramadan 478H 22 Ramadan 479H |
The Murabitun emir, Yusuf bin Tashfin, advances into Spain at the head of a powerful African force. |
|
The Nizamiya College is founded in Baghdad by Nizam ul Mulk, grand vizier to Sultan Malik Shah. |
|
1087 . |
23 Ramadan 479H 3 Syawal 480H |
Yusuf bin Tashfin defeats Alfonso VI at the Battle of Sagrajas. |
|
The Crusaders sack Mahdiya in North Africa. |
|
The assassin terror grows in Iraq and Syria. |
|
1088 . |
4 Syawal 480H 14 Syawal 481H |
1089 . |
15 Syawal 481H 25 Syawal 482H |
1090 . |
26 Syawal 482H 7 Zulqa'dah 483H |
Al Ghazzali teaches at NizamiyaCollege, Baghdad. |
|
The Crusaders capture Malta. |
|
The assassins capture Alamut in northern Syria and establish a training center for fidayees. |
|
1091 . |
8 Zulqa'dah 483H 17 Zulqa'dah 484H |
End of Muslim presence in Sicily. |
|
Smyrna in Anatolia becomes the Seljuk capital. |
|
Death of Sultan Malik Shah. |
|
The assassins murder grand vizier Nizam ul Mulk. |
|
1092 . |
18 Zulqa'dah 484H 29 Zulqa'dah 485H |
1093 . |
30 Zulqa'dah 485H 9 Zulhijjah 486H |
1094 . |
10 Zulhijjah 486H 20 Zulhijjah 487H |
Al Mustansir becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad. |
|
Al Mustadi becomes the Fatimid Caliph in Cairo. |
|
1095 . |
21 Zulhijjah 487H 1 Muharram 489H |
Pope Urban II declares a Crusade to take Jerusalem. |
|
Al Afdal, grand vizier of Fatimid Egypt, recaptures Jerusalem from Turkish emir Duqaq of Damascus. |
|
1096 . |
2 Muharram 489H 13 Muharram 490H |
The start of the First Crusade. |
|
1097 . |
14 Muharram 490H 24 Muharram 491H |
Konya Anatolia becomes the Seljuk capital. |
|
The Turks retreat before the advancing Crusaders. | |
The Fatimids in Egypt start negotiations with the Crusaders to divide up Seljuk territories. | |
1098 . |
25 Muharram 491H 5 Safar 492H |
The Crusaders capture Antioch. |
|
1099 . |
6 Safar 492H 16 Safar 493H |
Jerusalem falls to the Crusaders. The Muslims and the Jews are massacred. Baldwin becomes king of Jerusalem. |
|
1100 . |
17 Safar 493H 27 Safar 494H |
Al Ghazzali writes a powerful diatribe, Tahaffuz al Falsafa, against speculative philosophy. In Ihya al Uloom, he accords tasawwuf an honored position in the Islamic sciences. |
|
1101 . |
28 Safar 494H 8 Rabiulawwal 495H |
1102 . |
9 Rabiulawwal 495H 19 Rabiulawwal 496H |
1103 . |
20 Rabiulawwal 496H 29 Rabiulawwal 497H |
1104 . |
1 Rabiulthani 497H 11 Rabiulthani 498H |
1105 . |
12 Rabiulthani 498H 22 Rabiulthani 499H |
1106 . |
23 Rabiulthani 499H 3 Jamadilawwal 500H |
Death of Yusuf bin Tashfin, emir of the Murabitun. |
|
1107 . |
4 Jamadilawwal 500H 14 Jamadilawwal 501H |
1108 . |
15 Jamadilawwal 501H 26 Jamadilawwal 502H |
1109 . |
27 Jamadilawwal 502H 7 Jamadilthani 503H |
1110 . |
8 Jamadilthani 503H 17 Jamadilthani 504H |
1111 . |
18 Jamadilthani 504H 27 Jamadilthani 505H |
Abu Hamid al Ghazzali dies after transforming the intellectual landscape of the Islamic world. |
|
1112 . |
28 Jamadilthani 505H 10 Rejab 506H |
1113 . |
11 Rejab 506H 20 Rejab 507H |
Maudud, a Seljuk officer from Mosul, defeats King Baldwin of Jerusalem. |
|
1114 . |
21 Rejab 507H 1 Syaban 508H |
1115 . |
2 Syaban 508H 12 Syaban 509H |
1116 . |
13 Syaban 509H 24 Syaban 510H |
1117 . |
25 Syaban 510H 5 Ramadan 511H |
1118 . |
6 Ramadan 511H 16 Ramadan 512H |
Al Mustarshid, Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad. |
|
1119 . |
17 Ramadan 512H 26 Ramadan 513H |
1120 . |
27 Ramadan 513H 8 Syawal 514H |
1121 . |
9 Syawal 514H 19 Syawal 515H |
1122 . |
20 Syawal 515H 30 Syawal 516H |
1123 . |
1 Zulqa'dah 516H 11 Zulqa'dah 517H |
Death of Omar al Khayyam, mathematician, mystic. |
|
1124 . |
12 Zulqa'dah 517H 23 Zulqa'dah 518H |
Death of Hassan al Sabbah, leader of the Assassins. |
|
1125 . |
24 Zulqa'dah 518H 4 Zulhijjah 519H |
1126 . |
5 Zulhijjah 519H 15 Zulhijjah 520H |
Archbishop Raymond establishes a school in Toledo to translate Arabic books into Latin. |
|
1127 . |
16 Zulhijjah 520H 25 Zulhijjah 521H |
The Assassins murder Turkish officer Maudud. |
|
1128 . |
26 Zulhijjah 521H 7 Muharram 523H |
1129 . |
8 Muharram 523H 17 Muharram 524H |
1130 . |
18 Muharram 524H 28 Muharram 525H |
Death of ibn Tumart, leader of the Al Muhaddithin. |
|
1131 . |
29 Muharram 525H 9 Safar 526H |
1132 . |
10 Safar 526H 21 Safar 527H |
Roger II of Sicily invites Muslim scholars to work at his court. |
|
1133 . |
22 Safar 527H 2 Rabiulawwal 528H |
1134 . |
3 Rabiulawwal 528H 13 Rabiulawwal 529H |
1135 . |
14 Rabiulawwal 529H 24 Rabiulawwal 530H |
1136 . |
25 Rabiulawwal 530H 6 Rabiulthani 531H |
1137 . |
7 Rabiulthani 531H 16 Rabiulthani 532H |
1138 . |
17 Rabiulthani 532H 26 Rabiulthani 533H |
1139 . |
27 Rabiulthani 533H 7 Jamadilawwal 534H |
Birth of Khwaja Moeenuddin Chishti, Sufi sage. |
|
1140 . |
8 Jamadilawwal 534H 19 Jamadilawwal 535H |
1141 . |
20 Jamadilawwal 535H 30 Jamadilawwal 536H |
The Kara Kitai Turkomans defeat the Seljuks at Amu Darya. |
|
1142 . |
1 Jamadilthani 536H 11 Jamadilthani 537H |
1143 . |
12 Jamadilthani 537H 22 Jamadilthani 538H |
1144 . |
23 Jamadilthani 538H 4 Rejab 539H |
The Seljuks, under Zengi, recapture Edessa. | |
Pope Eugene declares the Second Crusade. | |
1145 . |
5 Rejab 539H 15 Rejab 540H |
The Second Crusade collapses in Anatolia but succeeds in capturing Lisbon in Portugal. | |
End of the Murabitun rule in Andalus. | |
1146 . |
16 Rejab 540H 25 Rejab 541H |
The al Muhaddithin captures Morocco. | |
The assassins murder Seljuk Emir Zengi. | |
1147 . |
26 Rejab 541 6 Syaban 542H |
1148 . |
7 Syaban 542H 17 Syaban 543H |
1149 . |
18 Syaban 543H 28 Syaban 544H |
Al Zafir becomes the Fatimid Caliph. |
|
1150 . |
29 Syaban 544H 9 Ramadan 545H |
The University of Paris is established. |
|
1151 . |
10 Ramadan 545H 20 Ramadan 546H |
Al Idrisi constructs a map of the then known world. |
|
1152 . |
21 Ramadan 546H 3 Syawal 547H |
1153 . |
4 Syawal 547H 13 Syawal 548H |
1154 . |
14 Syawal 548H 24 Syawal 549H |
The Kurdish officer Nuruddin, in Seljuk service, takes Damascus. | |
Al Faiz becomes the Fatimid Caliph in Cairo. | |
1155 . |
25 Syawal 549H 5 Zulqa'dah 550H |
1156 . |
6 Zulqa'dah 550H 16 Zulqa'dah 551H |
1157 . |
17 Zulqa'dah 551H 27 Zulqa'dah 552H |
The al Muhaddithin captures Andalus. |
|
1158 . |
28 Zulqa'dah 552H 8 Zulhijjah 553H |
1159 . |
9 Zulhijjah 553H 19 Zulhijjah 554H |
1160 . |
20 Zulhijjah 554H 1 Muharram 556H |
Al Mustanjid becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad. | |
Al Adid, the last of the Fatimids, becomes the Caliph in Cairo. | |
1161 . |
2 Muharram 556H 12 Muharram 557H |
1162 . |
13 Muharram 557H 22 Muharram 558H |
1163 . |
23 Muharram 558H 3 Safar 559H |
The Seljuks and the Crusaders compete for influence in Fatimid Egypt. |
|
1164 . |
4 Safar 559H 15 Safar 560H |
1165 . |
16 Safar 560H 25 Safar 561H |
1166 . |
26 Safar 561H 6 Rabiulawwal 562H |
Death of Shaykh Abdul Qader Jeelani of Baghdad, called Shaykh ul Mashaiq, founder of the Qadariya Sufi order. | |
Death of the geographer, al Idrisi. | |
1167 . |
7 Rabiulawwal 562H 17 Rabiulawwal 563H |
Establishment of Oxford University in England. | |
1168 . |
18 Rabiulawwal 563H 29 Rabiulawwal 564H |
1169 . |
30 Rabiulawwal 564H 10 Rabiulthani 565H |
1170 . |
11 Rabiulthani 565H 21 Rabiulthani 566H |
Salahuddin takes Egypt from the Fatimids. | |
Al Mustadi becomes the Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad. | |
1171 . |
22 Rabiulthani 566H 2 Jamadilawwal 567H |
End of the Fatimid era. Egypt reverts to the Abbasid Caliphate. | |
1172 . |
3 Jamadilawwal 567H 13 Jamadilawwal 568H |
1173 . |
14 Jamadilawwal 568H 24 Jamadilawwal 569H |
Ghiasuddin Ghori established the kingdom of Ghor in Afghanistan. | |
1174 . |
25 Jamadilawwal 569H 5 Jamadilthani 570H |
1175 . |
6 Jamadilthani 570H 15 Jamadilthani 571H |
Salahuddin consolidates his hold on Syria and Egypt. | |
Death of Ahmed al Rifai, founder of the Rifaiyah Sufi brotherhood. | |
1176 . |
16 Jamadilthani 571H 27 Jamadilthani 572H |
1177 . |
28 Jamadilthani 572H 9 Rejab 573H |
Muhammed Ghori adds Multan, Uch, Dera Ismail Khan and Sindh to his dominions. | |
1178 . |
10 Rejab 573H 19 Rejab 574H |
1179 . |
20 Rejab 574H 1 Syaban 575H |
Muhammed Ghori starts campaigns to capture Peshawar and Sialkot. | |
1180 . |
2 Syaban 575H 12 Syaban 576H |
1181 . |
13 Syaban 576H 22 Syaban 577H |
1182 . |
23 Syaban 577H 3 Ramadan 578H |
Khwaja Muhammed Ghouse of Sindh introduces the Qadariya order into India and Pakistan. | |
1183 . |
4 Ramadan 578H 14 Ramadan 579H |
1184 . |
15 Ramadan 579H 25 Ramadan 580H |
1185 . |
26 Ramadan 580H 6 Syawal 581H |
1186 . |
7 Syawal 581H 17 Syawal 582H |
1187 . |
18 Syawal 582H 28 Syawal 583H |
Battle of Hittin. Salahuddin triumphs and recaptures Jerusalem. | |
Muhammed Ghori captures Lahore. | |
1188 . |
29 Syawal 583H 11 Zulqa'dah 584H |
Pope Clement III launches the Third Crusade. | |
1189 . |
12 Zulqa'dah 584H 21 Zulqa'dah 585H |
Khwaja Moeenuddin Chisti moves to Ajmer, India and establishes the Chistiya order. | |
1190 . |
22 Zulqa'dah 585H 2 Zulhijjah 586H |
King Richard of England proposes a marriage between his sister and Saifuddin, brother of Salahuddin and for the two together to rule Jerusalem. The proposal is opposed by the Crusaders and is abandoned. | |
1191 . |
3 Zulhijjah 586H 12 Zulhijjah 587H |
Accra surrenders to the Crusaders after a long siege. | |
Mohammed Ghori suffers a defeat at the Battle of Tarain and is forced to withdraw towards Kabul. | |
1192 . |
13 Zulhijjah 587H 24 Zulhijjah 588H |
Muhammed Ghori, victorious over the Rajputs, captures Delhi. Prithvi Raj Chauhan, ruler of Ajmer and Delhi is slain. | |
1193 . |
25 Zulhijjah 588H 5 Muharram 590H |
Salahuddin passes away and is buried in Damascus. |
|
1194 . |
6 Muharram 590H 16 Muharram 591H |
1195 . |
17 Muharram 591H 27 Muharram 592H |
1196 . |
28 Muharram 592H 9 Safar 593H |
The al Muhaddith emir al Mansur defeats the Crusaders at the Battle of Alarcos. | |
1197 . |
10 Safar 593H 20 Safar 594H |
1198 . |
21 Safar 594H 1 Rabiulawwal 595H |
Death of ibn Rushd, of the great world philosophers. | |
1199 . |
2 Rabiulawwal 595H 11 Rabiulawwal 596H |
Pope Innocent III declares the Fourth Crusade. | |
1200 . |
12 Rabiulawwal 596H 22 Rabiulawwal 597H |
Islam takes roots in Indonesia. | |
Alauddin Muhammed becomes the Shah of Khwarazm. | |
The Crusaders capture Valencia. | |
Cambridge University is established in England. | |
1201 . |
23 Rabiulawwal 597H 3 Rabiulthani 598H |
The Latin Crusaders sack Zara, a Christian city on the Adriatic. | |
1202 . |
4 Rabiulthani 598H 14 Rabiulthani 599H |
The Delhi Sultanate is established. | |
1203 . |
15 Rabiulthani 599H 25 Rabiulthani 600H |
Death of Nizami, well known Farsi poet. | |
1204 . |
26 Rabiulthani 600H 7 Jamadilawwal 601H |
The Crusaders, led by Dondolo of Venice, sack Constantinople and loot its treasures. | |
Johan Shah, ruler of Sumatra, accepts Islam. | |
1205 . |
8 Jamadilawwal 601H 18 Jamadilawwal 602H |
The Turkoman Kara Kitai defeats Mohammed Ghori. | |
The Ghorids put down a rebellion in the Punjab. | |
1206 . |
19 Jamadilawwal 602H 29 Jamadilawwal 603H |
Genghiz Khan becomes the supreme ruler of the Mongol tribes. | |
The assassins murder Muhammed Ghori. | |
The Delhi sultans advance towards Bengal. | |
1207 . |
30 Jamadilawwal 603H 10 Jamadilthani 604H |
1208 . |
11 Jamadilthani 604H 21 Jamadilthani 605H |
1209 | |
1210 | |
1211 | : 608 AH |
Altumish ascends the throne of Delhi. | |
1212 | : 609 AH |
The Crusaders defeat the al Muhaddith at the Battle of Las Novas de Tolosa. | |
1213 | |
1214 | |
1215 | : 612 AH |
Genghiz Khan captures northern China; learns the use of gunpowder from the Chinese. | |
1216 | |
1217 | |
1218 | : 615 AH |
The Fifth Crusade is directed against Egypt. The Egyptians open the Nile docks and drown the invaders. | |
1219 | : 616 AH |
Genghiz Khan invades the territories of Shah Muhammed of Khorasan. | |
1220 | : 617 AH |
Genghiz Khan devastates Central Asia. | |
1221 | : 618 AH |
Genghiz Khan destroys Persia and Afghanistan. | |
Prince Jalaluddin faces the Khan at the Battle of the Indus. | |
1222 | : 619 AH |
Genghiz Khan returns to Mongolia. | |
1223 | : 620 AH |
Ibn al Athir, celebrated historian, passes away. | |
1224 | |
1225 | |
1226 | |
1227 | : 624 AH |
Death of Genghiz Khan. The Mongols continue their advance through West Asia and Eastern Europe. | |
1228 | : 625 AH |
The Sixth Crusade, directed at Egypt and led by Emperor Frederick II of Germany fails. | |
1229 | |
1230 | : 627 AH |
Sundiata starts consolidation of the Empire of Mali. | |
1231 | |
1232 | |
1233 | |
1234 | |
1235 | : 632 AH |
Baba Fareed of Lahore becomes heads of the Chistiya order in India. | |
1236 | : 633 AH |
Cordoba, capital of Muslim Spain, falls to the Crusaders. | |
Razia rules as Queen of India. | |
Death of Khwaja Moeenuddin Chishti of Ajmer, the most celebrated awliya of the subcontinent. | |
Al Mustansir becomes the Caliph in Baghdad. | |
1237 | |
1238 | |
1239 | |
1240 | : 637 AH |
Death of ibn al Arabi, renowned Sufi Shaykh. | |
Roger Bacon teaches in England. | |
1241 | |
1242 | : 639 AH |
Al Musta’sim becomes the 37th and the last Abbasid Caliph in Baghdad. | |
1243 | |
1244 | |
1245 | : 643 AH |
At the Council of Lyons, Christian Europe resolves to seek an alliance with the Mongols against the Muslims. A Franciscan priest, John de Plano Carpini, arrives at the Mongol court to seek military assistance. | |
1246 | |
1247 | |
1248 | : 646 AH |
Seville in Spain falls to the Christians. | |
Ibn Ahmar starts the Nasirid dynasty in Granada. | |
1249 | : 647 AH |
The Seventh Crusade, directed at Egypt by the Franks, is beaten back. | |
1250 | : 648 AH |
Shajarat al Durr rules as Queen of Egypt. | |
1251 | : 649 AH |
Hulagu Khan becomes the Mongol lord of Persia and Central Asia. | |
1252 | |
1253 | |
1254 | |
1255 | |
1256 | : 654 AH |
Hulagu Khan destroys the Assassins. | |
1257 | : 655 AH |
Death of Shaykh Saadi, celebrated Farsi poet. | |
Nizamuddin Awliya becomes head of the Chishtiya order in Delhi. Islam spreads in India. | |
1258 | : 656 AH |
Hulagu Khan sacks Baghdad. End of the Abbasid Caliphate of Baghdad. The curtain falls on the classic Islamic civilization. Caliph al Musta’sim is killed. | |
Death of Ali al Shadhuli, founder of the Shadhuli Sufi order. | |
1259 | |
1260 | : 658 AH |
Kublai Khan ascends the throne of China. Many capable Muslims work at the court of the Great Khan. | |
Hulagu Khan storms Aleppo and massacres its inhabitants. | |
1261 | : 659 AH |
The Mamlukes of Egypt install Al Mustansir as the Abbasid Caliph in Cairo. | |
The Mamluke, Zahir Baybars of Egypt, defeats a combined army of Mongols, Armenians and Crusaders at the Battle of Ayn Jalut. | |
1262 | |
1263 | |
1264 | |
1265 | : 663 AH |
Death of Hulagu Khan. | |
1266 | |
1267 | |
1268 | |
1269 | : 667 AH |
The Merinide al Yakub captures Marrakesh. | |
1270 | |
1271 | |
1272 | |
1273 | : 671 AH |
Death of Jalaluddin Rumi, author of Mathnavi, the most celebrated of Farsi poets and founder of the Maulavi Sufi order. | |
1274 | : 672 AH |
Death of al Tusi, astronomer and inventor of the 2-axis gimbal. | |
Emir al Yaqub of the Merinides defeats the Christians at the Battle of Ecija. | |
1275 | |
1276 | |
1277 | : 676 AH |
Sultan Baybars defeats the Mongol armies at the Battle of Abulistan. | |
1278 | : 677 AH |
Death of Sultan Baybars. | |
1279 | |
1280 | |
1281 | |
1282 | |
1283 | |
1284 | |
1285 | |
1286 | |
1287 | |
1288 | |
1289 | : 688 AH |
The Mamlukes captures Acre, last Crusader stronghold in Syria. | |
1290 | : 689 AH |
Sultan Malik Shah rules in Sumatra. | |
1291 | : 690 AH |
Death of Shaykh Saadi, well known Farsi poet. | |
1292 | |
1293 | |
1294 | : 693 AH |
Marco Polo returns to Italy from journey to the East. | |
1295 | : 694 AH |
Ghazan the Great, the Il Khan Emperor, accepts Islam. | |
1296 | |
1297 | |
1298 | |
1299 | |
1300 | : 699 AH |
Alauddin Khilji consolidates his empire over the subcontinent. Malik Kafur advances into southern India. | |
1301 | : 700 AH |
Uthman Ghazi, founder of the Ottoman Empire, consolidates his holdings around Burs and Eskishehir; he defeats the Byzantines at the Battle of Yalakova. | |
The Mamlukes triumph over the Il Khans at the Battle of Marj as Suffar. | |
1302 | |
1303 | |
1304 | |
1305 | |
1306 | |
1307 | : 706 AH |
Mansa Musa becomes emperor of Mali. | |
1308 | |
1309 | |
1310 | |
1311 | |
1312 | |
1313 | |
1314 | |
1315 | |
1316 | : 716 AH |
Death of Alauddin Khilji, emperor of India. | |
1317 | |
1318 | |
1319 | |
1320 | : 720 AH |
The Khilji dynasty in India collapses. | |
Beginning of the Tughlaq dynasty. | |
1321 | |
1322 | |
1323 | |
1324 | : 724 AH |
Mansa Musa performs his hajj with an entourage of 12000. | |
1325 | : 725 AH |
Death of Nizamuddin Awliya of Delhi. | |
Ibn Batuta begins his journey around the world. | |
Death of Amir Khusroe ,famed Sufi poet of India | |
1326 | : 726 AH |
Death of Uthman I, founder of the Ottoman Empire. His successor Sultan Orkhan captures Bursa. | |
Death of ibn Taymiyah, noted scholar, considered to be the founder of the “salafi” school of thought. | |
1327 | |
1328 | |
1329 | |
1330 | |
1331 | |
1332 | |
1333 | : 733 AH |
Yusuf I becomes emir of Granada, breaks with Castille, forms an alliance with the sultan of Morocco and makes a last attempt to capture Spain from the Christians. | |
1334 | : 734 AH |
Ibn Batuta arrives in Delhi. | |
Death of Shaykh Safiuddin Ishaq, after whom the Safavid dynasty of Persia is named. | |
1335 | : 735 AH |
Death of Abu Said, Il Khanid Prince. | |
1336 | |
1337 | |
1338 | |
1339 | |
1340 | : 740 AH |
The Yuan Emperor Toghon Timur of China sends an embassy to the court of Muhammed bin Tughlaq of India. | |
The Merinide navy defeats the Spaniards at the Battle of Tarifa. | |
1341 | : 742 AH |
Death of Sultan ibn Qalawun of Egypt. | |
1342 | |
1343 | |
1344 | |
1345 | : 746 AH |
Ibn Batuta visits Sultan Malik al Zahir of Pasai Indonesia. | |
1346 | : 747 AH |
The Black Plague devastates Europe. | |
1347 | |
1348 | |
1349 | |
1350 | |
1351 | : 752 AH |
Death of Muhammed bin Tughlaq of India. The Tughlaq Empire begins to disintegrate. | |
1352 | |
1353 | |
1354 | : 755 AH |
Ibn Batuta visits the Empire of Mali. | |
The Ottomans capture Gallipoli and Ankara. | |
1355 | : 756 AH |
Ibn Batuta returns to Tangier. The Merinide Sultan Abu Inan authorizes the writing of the Rehla of Ibn Batuta. | |
The Genoese briefly occupy Tripoli, Libya. | |
1356 | |
1357 | : 758 AH |
The Ottomans capture Erdirne. | |
1358 | |
1359 | |
1360 | |
1361 | |
1362 | |
1363 | |
1364 | |
1365 | |
1366 | |
1367 | |
1368 | : 769 AH |
Timurlane, elected the leader of the Tatars, consolidates his hold on the valley of Farghana in Uzbekistan. | |
1369 | : 770 AH |
Death of ibn Batuta. | |
1370 | |
1371 | |
1372 | |
1373 | |
1374 | |
1375 | : 777 AH |
Dimitrius, Count of Moscow, wins a victory over the Tatar Golden Horde. | |
1376 | : 778 AH |
The Golden Horde burns down Moscow. | |
1377 | |
1378 | |
1379 | |
1380 | : 782 AH |
Timurlane begins his first campaign in Persia. | |
Shaykh Awliya Karim al Maqdum introduces Islam into Mindanao, the Philippines. | |
Kara Muhammed, leader of the Turkish tribe Kara Kuyunlu, establishes his kingdom near Mosul. | |
1381 | : 783 AH |
The Ottomans capture Bulgaria. | |
1382 | |
1383 | |
1384 | |
1385 | : 787 AH |
The Ottomans capture Thrace. | |
1386 | |
1387 | : 789 AH |
Timurlane invades Russia and destroys the power of the Golden Horde. Russia begins its long march towards political consolidation. | |
1388 | |
1389 | : 791 AH |
Bayazid I becomes the Ottoman sultan, defeats the Serbs at the Battle of Kosova. | |
Death of Hafiz, one of the greatest of Farsi poets. | |
Death of Bahauddin Naqshband, founder of the Naqshbandi Sufi tareeqa of Bukhara. | |
1390 | : 792 AH |
A combined French and Genoese force attacks Mahdiya, Tunisia. | |
1391 | : 793 AH |
Bayazid I attacks Constantinople. | |
1392 | |
1393 | |
1394 | |
1395 | |
1396 | : 798 AH |
Bayazid defeats the Crusader armies at the Battle of Nicopolis. | |
1397 | |
1398 | : 800 AH |
Timur sacks Isfahan, Persia. | |
1399 | : 801 AH |
Timur invades India, sacks Delhi, India. | |
Castille sacks Tetuan, Morocco. | |
1400 | : 802 AH |
Bayazid I lays siege to Constantinople. | |
1401 | : 803 AH |
Timur defeats the Mamlukes of Egypt. | |
Damascus surrenders to the Tatars. | |
Timur sacks Baghdad. | |
1402 | : 804 AH |
Timur defeats Bayazid I at the Battle of Ankara. | |
Sulaiman I becomes the Ottoman sultan. | |
Sultan Iskander Shah expels the Thais from Malaya. | |
1403 | |
1404 | : 806 AH |
Timur embarks on an expedition to China. | |
1405 | : 807 AH |
Timurlane dies en route to China; his son Shah Rukh succeeds him. | |
1406 | : 809 AH |
Sultan Sikander Shah of Malaysia accepts Islam. | |
The great Chinese Admiral Zheng Yi (commonly known as Admiral Ho), a Muslim, sails to Malaya, Indonesia, India, Persia, Yemen, East Africa and the Cape of Good Hope with a fleet of 50 great ships. | |
Death of ibn Khaldun, author of Muqaddamah. | |
1407 | |
1408 | |
1409 | : 812 AH |
Shah Rukh, heir to Timurlane, occupies Samarqand. | |
1410 | : 813 AH |
Kara Yusuf establishes the Kara Kuyunlu kingdom around Tabriz, Persia. | |
Death of Gaysu Daraz, Sufi shaykh of the Deccan, India. | |
1411 | : 814 AH |
Sultan Iskander Shah of Malaya visits China at the invitation of the Chinese Emperor. | |
Prince Mehmet begins the reconsolidation of the Ottoman Empire after the disastrous defeat in the Battle of Ankara. | |
1412 | |
1413 | |
1414 | |
1415 | : 818 AH |
The Portuguese capture Ceuta in Morocco. | |
1416 | |
1417 | |
1418 | |
1419 | |
1420 | : 823 AH |
Shah Rukh consolidates his hold on Persia. | |
1421 | : 824 AH |
Murad II becomes Ottoman Sultan. | |
1422 | : 825 AH |
Murad II lays unsuccessful siege to Constantinople. | |
1423 | |
1424 | : 827 AH |
Death of Sultan Iskander Shah of Malaya. | |
1425 | : 828 AH |
Tangier in Morocco, captured by the Portuguese. | |
1426 | |
1427 | |
1428 | |
1429 | |
1430 | : 833 AH |
The Portuguese acquire the technology to sail against the wind from the Venetians. | |
1431 | |
1432 | : 835 AH |
Portuguese captain Diaz sails around Cape Bajador in West Africa. | |
1433 | |
1434 | : 837 AH |
Death of Shah Rukh. Persia disintegrates. The Kara Kuyunlu and Aq Kuyunlu expand their territories. | |
1435 | |
1436 | |
1437 | |
1438 | |
1439 | |
1440 | |
1441 | : 845 AH |
First slave raid by the Portuguese in southern Morocco directed against Muslims. | |
1442 | |
1443 | : 847 AH |
The Portuguese capture the island of Tristao off the coast of West Africa, later to gain notoriety in the Atlantic slave trade. | |
1444 | : 848 AH |
Ottomans armies march into Hungary. | |
Murad II defeats combined armies of Hungary, Wallachia and Venice at the Battle of Varna. | |
The Portuguese Lagos Company chartered under Prince Henry. | |
1445 | : 849 AH |
Printing is introduced into Europe. Portuguese sailor Diaz sails around West Africa. | |
1446 | |
1447 | |
1448 | |
1449 | |
1450 | |
1451 | : 855 AH |
Mehmet II becomes Ottoman Sultan. | |
Shaykh Rahmat converts the Majapahit ruler (Indonesia) Raja Kertawijaya to Islam. | |
Islam spreads rapidly in Java. | |
1452 | |
1453 | : 857 AH |
Mehmet II conquerors Constantinople, renames it Istanbul and makes it the capital of the Ottoman Empire. | |
1454 | |
1455 | : 859 AH |
The Venetians sail to the delta of the Gambia River. | |
1456 | : 860 AH |
Mehmet II captures Athens, Greece. | |
The Portuguese arrive at the mouth of the Gambia River. | |
1457 | |
1458 | : 862 AH |
The Portuguese occupy the fortress of al Qasr, Morocco. | |
1459 | |
1460 | : 864 AH |
King Alfonso of Portugal authorizes Fernao Gomes to explore the western coast of Africa. | |
1461 | : 865 AH |
Leonardo da Vinci begins his work in Venice. | |
1462 | |
1463 | : 867 AH |
Mehmet II conquers Bosnia. Mosque of Sultan Mehmet II constructed in Istanbul. | |
1464 | |
1465 | : 869 AH |
Death of al Jazuli, Sufi Shaykh in Morocco. | |
1466 | |
1467 | : 871 AH |
Herzegovina conquered by Mehmet II. | |
Uzun Hassan, leader of Aq Quyunlu defeats Jehan Shah, leader of the Kara Quyunlu. Jehan Shah dies in battle. | |
1468 | |
1469 | |
1470 | |
1471 | : 876 AH |
Tangiers occupied by Portugal. | |
Portugal occupies Arzila on the West coast of Morocco. | |
1472 | |
1473 | : 878 AH |
Ottoman Sultan Mehmet II defeats the Aq Kuyunlu Sultan Uzun Hassan. Portuguese captain Sequira sails to Benin, Nigeria. | |
1474 | : 879 AH |
Commercial town of Kedah, in Indonesia, becomes Muslim. | |
1475 | : 880 AH |
War between Spain and Portugal over rights to the Canary Islands. | |
1476 | |
1477 | |
1478 | : 883 AH |
Kara Quli, a descendant of Jehan Shah, flees to India and establishes the Qutubshahi dynasty near Hyderabad. | |
Death of Uzun Hassan, Aq Quyunlu Sultan. | |
Turmoil in western Persia. | |
1479 | : 884 AH |
Consolidation of Spain under Ferdinand and Isabella. | |
1480 | : 885 AH |
The Ottomans capture the island of Rhodes. | |
1481 | : 886 AH |
Bayazid II becomes Ottoman Sultan. | |
1482 | : 887 AH |
Ferdinand of Spain attacks al Hama. | |
1483 | : 888 AH |
Civil wars in Granada. | |
Ferdinand captures Malaga, Spain. | |
1484 | : 889 AH |
The Portuguese appear at the delta of the Congo River. | |
1485 | |
1486 | |
1487 | : 892 AH |
Portuguese sailor Diaz rounds the Cape of Good Hope. | |
1488 | : 893 AH |
Malaga, one of the last Nasirid strongholds, falls to Castille. | |
1489 | : 894 AH |
Adil Shah becomes Sultan of Bijapur, India | |
1490 | : 895 AH |
Ferdinand lays siege to Granada, called Santa Fe (Holy Faith). | |
1491 | |
1492 | : 897 AH |
Columbus discovers America. | |
Granada falls to the Christians. | |
Beginning of the Spanish Inquisition. | |
The Jews are expelled from Spain. | |
Sultan Bayazid II takes Hungary. | |
Lodhi Sultanate established in Delhi. | |
Death of Abdur Rahman Jami, well known Farsi poet. | |
1493 | : 898 AH |
Abu Abdallah, commonly known as Boabdil, last emir of Granada, leaves Spain. | |
Askiya Muhammed becomes Emperor of Songhay. | |
1494 | : 899 AH |
At the Treaty of Tordesillas arranged by Pope Alexander VI, Portugal and Spain agree to divide up the world for conquest. | |
1495 | : 900 AH |
Shaykh Putah introduces Islam into the Celebes islands and western New Guinea. | |
1496 | : 901 AH |
Vasco da Gama, sails around the Cape of Good Hope and with the help of Muslim navigator Ahmed ibn Majid, discovers route to Malabar, India. | |
1497 | : 902 AH |
Zahiruddin Babur loses Samarqand. | |
Askiya Muhammed moves the capital of Songhay to Gao on the Niger River. | |
1498 | |
1499 | : 904 AH |
Ottoman navy defeats the Venetians, takes Lepanto, off the coast of Greece. | |
1500 | : 905 AH |
Muslims in Granada resist the Spanish Inquisition. | |
Spain institutes forced slavery in Cuba. | |
1501 | : 906 AH |
Shah Ismail I, with the help of the Safaviyya Sufi order, establishes the Safavid dynasty in Persia. | |
The Uzbek Shaibani Khan evicts Zahiruddin Babur from Samarqand. | |
1502 | : 907 AH |
Second voyage of Vasco da Gama to the Indian Ocean. The Portuguese bombard the city-states of East Africa, destroy the port city of Cochin, India and force the Raja of Cochin to expel Muslim traders. | |
The Portuguese capture Shofala, East Africa. | |
Leonardo da Vinci paints the Mona Lisa. | |
Inquisition against the Muslims in Spain. | |
1503 | |
1504 | : 910 AH |
Babur takes Kabul, Afghanistan. | |
Death of al Maghili, influential thinker from North Africa. | |
1505 | : 911 AH |
Spain occupies Mars al Kabir, Algeria. | |
The Portuguese occupy Agadir Morocco and build the fort of Santa Cruz. | |
Portuguese captain Almeida raids Kilwa, Tanzania. | |
1506 | |
1507 | : 913 AH |
The Portuguese occupy Safi, Morocco. | |
The Portuguese occupy Bab el Mandap at the entrance to the Red Sea. | |
1508 | : 914 AH |
A Mamluke fleet defeats the Portuguese off the coast of Chaul near modern Karachi. | |
Spain occupies Oran, Algeria. | |
1509 | : 915 AH |
The Mamlukes defeat the Portuguese navy off the coast of Yemen. | |
Shah Ismail I defeats the Uzbek Shaibani Khan at the Battle of Merv. | |
Spain occupies Bogie, Tunisia. | |
The first batch of slaves bought in Lisbon for transportation to America. | |
1510 | |
1511 | : 917 AH |
The Portuguese take Goa, India, and make it the capital of their operations in the Indian Ocean. | |
The Inquisition is instituted against Hindus and Muslim in India. | |
Spain destroys Tripoli, Libya. | |
The Ottomans crush a Qazilbash uprising in eastern Anatolia at the Battle of Sivas. | |
1512 | : 918 AH |
Selim I becomes Ottoman Sultan. | |
The Portuguese capture the Straits of Malacca. | |
Tlemcen in North Africa becomes a protectorate of Spain. | |
The Uzbeks defeat the Safavids at the Battle of Khuzduvan and take Khorasan. | |
1513 | |
1514 | : 920 AH |
Ottoman Sultan Selim I defeats Shah Ismail I at the Battle of Chaldiran. | |
1515 | : 921 AH |
The Portuguese capture the Straits of Hormuz in Persia. | |
The Portuguese control the entire Atlantic coastline of Morocco. | |
First shipload of sugar from Cuba arrives in Spain. | |
1516 | : 922 AH |
The Portuguese occupy Bahrain and Oman. | |
The Ottomans capture Mosul. | |
Ottoman Sultan Selim I defeats the Mamlukes at the Battle of Marj Dabik in Syria. | |
1517 | : 923 AH |
Selim I occupies Cairo. | |
Egypt becomes a province of the Ottoman Empire. | |
The Caliphate moves to Istanbul. | |
Selim I becomes the first Ottoman Caliph of Islam. | |
Muhammed al Mahdi becomes Sa’adid Sultan of Morocco. | |
Martin Luther begins Protestant reformation in Germany. | |
The Portuguese capture Colombo, Sri Lanka. | |
The King of Spain grants license to import African slaves into America. | |
Ibrahim Lodhi becomes Sultan of Delhi. | |
1518 | |
1519 | : 925 AH |
Death of Leonardo da Vinci. | |
Mexican silver flows into Europe. | |
1520 | : 926 AH |
Sulaiman the Magnificent becomes Ottoman Sultan. | |
1521 | : 927 AH |
Sulaiman captures Belgrade. | |
Cortez destroys the Aztec Empire of Mexico. | |
1522 | : 928 AH |
Sulaiman captures Rhodes. Spain captures Central America. | |
1523 | |
1524 | |
1525 | : 931 AH |
Death of Safavid Shah Ismail I. | |
Tahmasp I becomes Safavid ruler of Persia. | |
Babur takes Lahore, Pakistan. | |
Sulaiman the Magnificent orders a reorganization of the Ottoman fleet to challenge the Spaniards and the Portuguese. | |
1526 | : 932 AH |
Babur captures Delhi; the Moghul dynasty is born. Sulaiman the Magnificent defeats the Hungarians at the Battle of Mohacs. | |
1527 | : 933 AH |
Babur defeats Rajput armies at the Battle of Khanua. | |
1528 | : 934 AH |
Sultan Sulaiman captures the city of Buda in Hungary. | |
Askiya Muhammed becomes blind and is deposed as the Emperor of Songhay. | |
1529 | : 935 AH |
Sultan Sulaiman lays siege to Vienna, Austria. | |
1530 | : 936 AH |
Death of Zahiruddin Babur. His son Humayun ascends the Moghul throne in Delhi. | |
The Englishman William Hawkins raids the Ivory Coast. | |
1531 | |
1532 | |
1533 | |
1534 | : 940 AH |
Khairuddin, admiral of the Ottoman fleets, recaptures Tunis. | |
Henry VIII takes the Church of England out of the orbit of Rome. | |
1535 | : 941 AH |
Sulaiman Pasha, Ottoman governor of Egypt, drives the Portuguese from Yemen. | |
The English Parliament passes laws against loitering in London. | |
John Calvin preaches the Protestant Reformation in Switzerland. | |
Stock Exchange is established in London. | |
1536 | : 943 AH |
Khairuddin raids Valencia, Spain. | |
1537 | : 944 AH |
Khairuddin captures Otranto, Italy and threatens Rome. | |
1538 | : 945 AH |
Khairuddin victorious over combined navies of Venice and the Vatican at the Battle of Prevesa. | |
1539 | |
1540 | : 947 AH |
Spain colonizes the Philippines. | |
Destruction of religious relics in England. Beginning of the end of feudalism in England. | |
Sher Shah Suri defeats Moghul Emperor Humayun and displaces him from the throne of Delhi until 1555. | |
1541 | : 948 AH |
Charles V of Spain strikes at the Algerian coast. | |
Ottoman Admiral Khairuddin takes Otranto, Italy. | |
Muhammed al Saadi drives the Portuguese from the fort of Santa Cruz in Morocco. | |
1542 | : 949 AH |
Increasing tribal warfare in West Africa. | |
1543 | |
1544 | |
1545 | |
1546 | : 953 AH |
Death of Khairuddin. Piri Rais becomes admiral of Ottoman navies. | |
1547 | |
1548 | |
1549 | |
1550 | : 957 AH |
Kingdom of Acheh in Indonesia is founded. Islam spreads in the Archipelago. | |
1551 | : 958 AH |
The Ottomans reclaim Tripoli. | |
Piri Rais challenges the Portuguese blockage of the Straits of Hormuz. | |
1552 | |
1553 | : 960 AH |
Thomas Wyndham of England raids the coast of West Africa. | |
1554 | : 961 AH |
John Lock of England raids the Ivory Coast. | |
1555 | |
1556 | |
1557 | : 964 AH |
The Ottomans occupy Masawa, Eritrea. | |
1558 | : 965 AH |
Akbar becomes Moghul Emperor of India. | |
1559 | |
1560 | : 967 AH |
Akbar adds Malwa, Chitoor, Rathambur, Gujrat and Bengal to the Moghul Empire (1560-1574). | |
Abul Fazal and Faizi, well known writers, grace the Moghul court. | |
Akbar surrounds himself with the “seven gems”; men of outstanding capabilities, including the musician Tan Sen and the Finance Minister Raja Todar Mal. | |
1561 | : 968 AH |
Piri Rais prepares an accurate map of the Atlantic seaboard. | |
The Ottomans destroy a Spanish fleet at the Battle of Djerba. | |
1562 | : 969 AH |
Akbar marries Jodha Bai, princess of Amber, Rajasthan. | |
1563 | : 970 AH |
First English fortifications off the coasts of New Guinea. | |
1564 | : 971 AH |
Spain occupies the Philippines. | |
1565 | : 972 AH |
Battle of Telekote, India. The combined forces of Bijapur, Golkunda, Bidar and Gulbarga defeat the armies of Vijayanagar in southern India. | |
Piri Rais undertakes unsuccessful siege of Malta. | |
Akbar, the Great Moghul, captures Gujrat. | |
John Hawkins of England conducts slave raids on Sierra Leone. | |
Sulaiman the Magnificent passes away | |
1566 | : 973 AH |
Muslims in Spain rebel against forced conversion to Catholicism. | |
1567 | |
1568 | |
1569 | |
1570 | |
1571 | : 979 AH |
Battle of Lepanto. Combined navies of Spain, Venice, Austria and the Vatican defeat the Ottoman navy and occupy Tunis. Ottoman naval advance into the western Mediterranean is halted. | |
1572 | : 980 AH |
The Ottomans reclaim Tunis. | |
The Dutch gain their independence from Spain. | |
1573 | : 981 AH |
The Moghul Emperor Akbar authorizes the construction of four large temples in Mathura. | |
1574 | |
1575 | |
1576 | : 984 AH |
The Ottomans advance through Algeria and take the city of Fez in Morocco. | |
1577 | |
1578 | : 986 AH |
Battle of Al Qasr al Kabir. The Sa’adid Sultan Ahmed al Mansur crushes the Portuguese army. King Sebastian of Portugal is killed. Morocco remains independent. Ottoman westward advance is halted. | |
1579 | : 987 AH |
Akbar, the Great Moghul, completes the construction of a new city, Fatehpur Sikri. He starts ecumenical discussions with all religious faiths in the Ibadat Khana. | |
1580 | : 988 AH |
Ottoman Admiral Ali Beg raids Portuguese positions in East Africa. | |
Skirmishes between the Empire of Songhay and the Sa’adids of Morocco over the salt mines of Taodini. | |
Portugal becomes a protectorate of Spain. | |
1581 | : 989 AH |
Akbar, the Great Moghul, moves to Lahore, and adds Kashmir, Sindh, Baluchistan and southern Afghanistan to his empire. | |
Akbar completes the construction of a Jami Masjid in Peshawar. | |
Queen Elizabeth I sends Harborne as ambassador to Istanbul to seek trade relations with the Ottomans. | |
1582 | |
1583 | |
1584 | |
1585 | : 993 AH |
War between the Safavids and the Ottomans for control of Iraq and Azerbaijan. | |
1586 | |
1587 | : 995 AH |
Pope Sixtus V authorizes a Catholic crusade against England. | |
The English defeat the Scots. Consolidation of Britain under the English throne. | |
1588 | : 996 AH |
Shah Abbas becomes Safavid emperor of Persia. | |
The Spanish armada is destroyed off the coast of England. | |
Death of Sinan, architect of Sulaimaniye and Shehzade mosques in Turkey. | |
1589 |
|
1590 | : 998 AH |
William Shakespeare writes in England. | |
1591 | : 999 AH |
The Bohras emerge as a sub-branch of the Fatimids. | |
1592 | : 1000 AH |
The Sa’adids of Morocco invade the Songhay Empire. A strong force under Judar Pasha destroys Timbaktu. | |
1593 | |
1594 | |
1595 | |
1596 | : 1004 AH |
Akbar captures Ahmednagar in the Deccan, India. | |
1597 | |
1598 | : 1006 AH |
A second Spanish attempt to conquer England ends in failure. | |
1599 | |
1600 | : 1008 AH |
Dutch ascendancy in the Atlantic. The Atlantic slave trade gathers momentum. | |
The British East India Company is granted a charter by Queen Elizabeth I. | |
1601 | |
1602 | : 1010 AH |
Shah Abbas drives the Portuguese from Bahrain. | |
The Dutch East India Company is formed. | |
1603 | : 1012 AH |
Death of Queen Elizabeth I. | |
1604 | |
1605 | : 1014 AH |
Death of Moghul Emperor Akbar. | |
1606 | |
1607 | |
1608 | |
1609 | : 1018 AH |
Final expulsion of Muslims from Spain. | |
1610 | |
1611 | |
1612 | |
1613 | |
1614 | |
1615 | : 1024 AH |
The Dutch capture the Straits of Malacca from the Portuguese. | |
Thomas Roe arrives in India as British ambassador to the Moghul court. | |
Galileo is tried by the Church for his view that the earth is not the center of the universe. | |
1616 | |
1617 | |
1618 | |
1619 | : 1028 AH |
The Dutch East India Company obtains trading rights on the island of Java. | |
Thomas Roe obtains a farman from the Great Moghul Jehangir granting Britain trading rights in India. | |
1620 | : 1029 AH |
Sufi doctrines spread to East Asia. | |
The Pilgrims land at Port Plymouth, Massachusetts. | |
1621 | |
1622 | : 1031 AH |
Shah Abbas I, with the help of the British navy, expels the Portuguese from the Straits of Hormuz. The British obtain trading rights in Persia. | |
1623 | : 1032 AH |
Murad IV becomes Ottoman Sultan. | |
1624 | : 1033 AH |
Death of Shaykh Ahmed Sirhindi, referred to as Mujaddid alf e Thani (Reformer of the Second Millennium). He expounded the doctrine of Wahdat as Shahada. | |
1625 | |
1626 | : 1035 AH |
The Dutch establish themselves in New Amsterdam (New York). | |
1627 | : 1036 AH |
Shah Jehan, Moghul Emperor of India. | |
1628 | |
1629 | |
1630 | : 1039 AH |
Death of German Astronomer Johann Kepler. | |
1631 | |
1632 | |
1633 | |
1634 | |
1635 | : 1045 AH |
Death of Mian Pir of Lahore, teacher of Dara Shikoh, son of Shah Jehan. | |
Emperor Shah Jehan expels the Portuguese from Bengal. | |
1636 | |
1637 | |
1638 | : 1048 AH |
Shah Jehan builds a new capital at Delhi. Construction of the Jami Masjid in Delhi. | |
1639 | : 1049 AH |
The British East India Company establishes a factory at Madras. | |
1640 | : 1050 AH |
Armed rivalry between Britain, France and the Dutch for control of the slave trade. | |
Portugal gains its independence from Spain. | |
The Dutch capture Sri Lanka. | |
The British East India Company establishes a factory at Calcutta. | |
1641 | : 1051 AH |
Sultana Tajul Alam Safiyyiatuddin rules as Queen of Acheh. She is the first of four queens to rule over the northern part of Sumatra. | |
The Dutch capture Cochin on the West coast of India. | |
1642 | : 1052 AH |
The Dutch establish a colony at Masulipatam on the East coast of India. | |
1643 | : 1053 AH |
War between Venice and the Ottomans for control of Crete. | |
1644 | |
1645 | |
1646 | |
1647 | |
1648 | : 1058 AH |
Shah Jehan completes the Taj Mahal, the most celebrated monument to love, for his wife Mumtaz Mahal. | |
The Portuguese recapture Brazil from the Dutch. | |
1649 | |
1650 | |
1651 | |
1652 | |
1653 | |
1654 | |
1655 | : 1065 AH |
The Kurpulu brothers Mehmet Pasha and Fazil Ahmed revitalize the Ottoman administration (1655-1676). | |
1656 | |
1657 | |
1658 | : 1068 AH |
Aurangzeb becomes the Moghul Emperor. | |
1659 | : 1069 AH |
End of the Sa’adid dynasty in Morocco. | |
1660 | : 1070 AH |
Isaac Newton revolutionizes physics. | |
1661 | |
1662 | |
1663 | |
1664 | : 1074 AH |
The British seize New Amsterdam, rename it New York. | |
The Battle of St. Gotthard between the Ottomans and the European “Holy League” ends in a stalemate. | |
1665 | |
1666 | : 1076 AH |
The Qur’an is translated into the Malay language. | |
1667 | |
1668 | : 1079 AH |
King Charles II of England sells Bombay to the East India Company. | |
1669 | |
1670 | |
1671 | |
1672 | |
1673 | |
1674 | |
1675 | |
1676 | : 1087 AH |
Kara Mustafa Pasha becomes grand vizier in Istanbul. | |
1677 | : 1088 AH |
War between Russia and the Ottomans over access to the Black Sea. | |
1678 | |
1679 | |
1680 | |
1681 | |
1682 | |
1683 | : 1094 AH |
The second siege of Vienna ends in failure. The Ottomans lose Hungary. | |
1684 | |
1685 | |
1686 | : 1097 AH |
The Hapsburgs advance through Hungary towards Belgrade. | |
The British make an attempt to capture the port of Chittagong in India and are beaten back by Moghul forces. | |
1687 | : 1098 AH |
The Ottomans are defeated at the second Battle of Mohacs. | |
1688 | |
1689 | |
1690 | |
1691 | |
1692 | |
1693 | |
1694 | : 1105 AH |
The Bank of England advances a perpetual loan of 1.2 million pounds to the British Crown in return for the privilege of putting its own notes into circulation. | |
1695 | |
1696 | : 1107 AH |
Peter of Russia captures the strategic fortress of Azov from the Ottomans. | |
The Sultan of Oman recaptures Fort Jesus of Mombasa from the Portuguese. | |
1697 | |
1698 | |
1699 | |
1700 | |
1701 | |
1702 | |
1703 | |
1704 | |
1705 | |
1706 | |
1707 | : 1119 AH |
Death of Aurangzeb. The Moghul Empire begins to disintegrate. | |
1708 | : 1120 AH |
The assassination of Guru Gobind Singh sets off Sikh revolts against Moghul rule in India. | |
1709 | |
1710 | |
1711 | |
1712 | |
1713 | : 1125 AH |
The British displace the Dutch as the most powerful force in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. | |
1714 | |
1715 | |
1716 | |
1717 | |
1718 | |
1719 | |
1720 | |
1721 | |
1722 | : 1134 AH |
Tahmasp II, last Safavid ruler of Persia ascends the Persian throne. | |
Nizam ul Mulk is appointed the Subedar of Hyderabad. | |
1723 | |
1724 | |
1725 | |
1726 | |
1727 | |
1728 | |
1729 | |
1730 | |
1731 | |
1732 | |
1733 | |
1734 | |
1735 | |
1736 | : 1149 AH |
Nadir Shah becomes Emperor of Persia, displaces the Safavid Tahmasp II. | |
1737 | |
1738 | |
1739 | : 1152 AH |
Nadir Shah of Persia invades India, sacks Delhi, and carries off the Peacock Throne. | |
1740 | : 1153 AH |
Shaykh ibn Abdul Wahhab starts his movement in Najd, Arabia. | |
1741 | : 1154 AH |
Ahmed ibn Said becomes Sultan of Oman and Zanzibar and attempts to build a strong navy. | |
1742 | |
1743 | |
1744 | |
1745 | |
1746 | : 1159 AH |
Muhammed ibn Saud establishes the Saudi dynasty near Riyadh. | |
1747 | |
1748 | |
1749 | |
1750 | |
1751 | |
1752 | |
1753 | |
1754 | : 1167 AH |
The French General Dupleix leaves India. France loses the contest for control of Indian trade to the British. | |
1755 | |
1756 | : 1169 AH |
Anglo-French wars in India and America (1756-63). The British are victorious over the French. | |
1757 | : 1170 AH |
The Battle of Plassey. The British gain control of Bengal, India. | |
1758 | : 1171 AH |
The Industrial Revolution in England gains momentum, fueled by the loot from Bengal. | |
The Marathas occupy Lahore; oust Timur, son of Nadir Shah of Kabul. | |
1759 | |
1760 | |
1761 | : 1174 AH |
Third Battle of Panipat near Delhi. The Afghans under Ahmed Shah Abdali defeat Maratha armies. | |
1762 | : 1175 AH |
Death of Shah Waliullah of Delhi, leading reformer. | |
1763 | : 1176 AH |
The Treaty of Paris. The French give up their interests in India and America. | |
1764 | : 1177 AH |
The British starve the Begums of Oudh, India, to surrender their jewels. | |
Battle of Buxor. The British defeat the combined armies of Oudh, Bengal and Delhi. | |
1765 | : 1178 AH |
The British wage a brutal campaign against the Afghans of Rohilla in India. | |
1766 | |
1767 | : 1181 AH |
The First Mysore War (1767-68). Tippu Sultan and his father Hyder Ali force the British to sue for peace. | |
1768 | |
1769 | |
1770 | |
1771 | |
1772 | : 1186 AH |
The British Parliament abolishes the slave trade. | |
1773 | |
1774 | |
1775 | |
1776 | : 1190 AH |
The Colonies declare independence in America. The American War of Independence (1776-83) follows. | |
1777 | |
1778 | |
1779 | |
1780 | : 1194 AH |
The Second Mysore War. Tippu Sultan defeats the British at the Battle of Pollipur. | |
1781 | : 1195 AH |
George Washington defeats General Cornwallis at the Battle of Saratoga. Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown, retires to England, is hired by the East India Company, and is sent to battle Tippu Sultan of Mysore. | |
1782 | |
1783 | |
1784 | |
1785 | |
1786 | |
1787 | : 1201 AH |
Death of Shaykh ibn Abdul Wahhab of Arabia. | |
1788 | |
1789 | : 1203 AH |
The Third Mysore War (1789-91). Cornwallis forces Tippu Sultan to cede half of his Territory; takes Tippu’s children as hostage. | |
Beginning of the French Revolution. | |
1790 | |
1791 | |
1792 | |
1793 | : 1207 AH |
The British Permanent Settlement Act imposes feudal landlords upon Bengal. | |
1794 | |
1795 | |
1796 | |
1797 | |
1798 | : 1213 AH |
Napoleon lands in Egypt and is victorious at the Battle of the Pyramids. | |
The British capture Colombo from the Dutch. | |
1799 | : 1214 AH |
Napoleon corresponds with Tippu Sultan of Mysore and the Sultan of Oman about an invasion of India. | |
Tippu Sultan falls at the Battle of Srirangapatam. | |
Napoleon is defeated by Nelson at the Battle of Trafalgar and is forced to withdraw from Egypt. | |
1800 | |
1801 | : 1216 AH |
The Wahhabis raid Karbala. Wahhabi movement spreads to Iraq. The Wahhabis raid the Hejaz. | |
1802 | |
1803 | : 1218 AH |
Muhammed Ali becomes the Ottoman governor of Egypt; starts a long series of reforms. | |
The Marathas in Poona, India, sue for peace with the British. | |
Denmark abolishes the slave trade. | |
Emir Abdul Aziz of Najd captures Mecca. | |
1804 | |
1805 | : 1220 AH |
Muhammed Ali becomes the Pasha of Egypt. | |
1806 | : 1221 AH |
British armies enter Delhi. | |
1807 | : 1222 AH |
Uthman dan Fuduye establishes the Sokoto Caliphate. | |
Muhammed Ali Pasha beats back a British attempt to seize Alexandria, Egypt. | |
1808 | : 1223 AH |
The United States abolishes the slave trade. | |
1809 | |
1810 | |
1811 | |
1812 | : 1227 AH |
Muhammed Ali of Egypt recaptures Mecca and Hejaz from the Wahhabis (1812-15). | |
1813 | |
1814 | |
1815 | |
1816 | |
1817 | : 1232 AH |
Death of Uthman dan Fuduye, mujahid in West Africa. | |
Muhammed Bello becomes Caliph of the Sokoto Empire. | |
1818 | : 1233 AH |
Holland abolishes the slave trade. | |
1819 | |
1820 | |
1821 | : 1236 AH |
Greek war against the Ottomans. | |
1822 | |
1823 | |
1824 | |
1825 | |
1826 | |
1827 | : 1242 AH |
Naval Battle of Navarino pits European axis against the Ottomans. | |
Shaykh Ahmed Lobo establishes the kingdom of Lobo in West Africa. | |
1828 | : 1243 AH |
War between Russia and the Ottomans over control of the Black Sea. Russia advances into Anatolia. | |
1829 | |
1830 | : 1246 AH |
Greece breaks off from the Ottoman Empire. | |
France occupies Algiers. | |
1831 | |
1832 | |
1833 | |
1834 | : 1250 AH |
Beginning of Muslim resistance to the Russians in Daghestan, Crimea and the Caucasus. | |
1835 | : 1251 AH |
The Ottomans defeat the French at Malta. | |
The British replace Persian with English in the higher courts in India. | |
1836 | |
1837 | : 1253 AH |
Sanusiya Sufi brotherhood is founded in North Africa. | |
1838 | : 1254 AH |
British invasion of Afghanistan ends in failure. | |
1839 | : 1255 AH |
Abdul Mecit I becomes Ottoman Sultan. | |
Beginning of Tanzimat reforms in the Ottoman Empire. | |
1840 | : 1256 AH |
France starts colonization of Algeria. | |
1841 | |
1842 | |
1843 | |
1844 | |
1845 | |
1846 | : 1262 AH |
The Bank Act of 1846 in England confers legal recognition on the negotiability of credit documents. | |
1847 | |
1848 | : 1264 AH |
Nasiruddin Shah ascends the throne of Persia. | |
1849 | |
1850 | : 1266 AH |
The Bahai schism starts in Persia. | |
1851 | : 1267 AH |
The British build a railroad linking Alexandria with Suez (1851-54). | |
1852 | |
1853 | : 1269 AH |
The Tijaniya Sufi brotherhood is established in West Africa. | |
Beginning of the Crimean War. Britain and France support the Ottomans against Russia. | |
1854 | : 1270 AH |
Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt grants a concession to French Engineer Ferdinand de Lesseps to build the Suez Canal. Egypt borrows funds from international bankers to complete the canal. | |
The Ottomans take their first loan from international bankers. | |
1855 | |
1856 | : 1272 AH |
End of the Crimean war between Russia and the Ottomans. | |
1857 | : 1273 AH |
The Sepoy Uprising in India. After initial successes, the Uprising is crushed by the British. End of Moghul rule. The British exile the last Moghul Emperor Bahadur Shah Zafar to Rangoon, Burma. | |
1858 | : 1274 AH |
The Russians capture Imam Shamil, Naqshbandi Imam in Daghestan. End of Muslim resistance in Chechnya and Daghestan. | |
1859 | : 1275 AH |
Death of Muhammed al Sanusi, Reformer, Sufi Shaykh of Libya. | |
1860 | : 1276 AH |
Alhajj Omar resists French colonization in Sene-Gambia. | |
1861 | : 1277 AH |
American Civil War (1861-65). The price of Egyptian cotton soars in world markets. | |
1862 | |
1863 | : 1280 AH |
Abraham Lincoln proclaims the abolition of slavery. | |
1864 | |
1865 | |
1866 | |
1867 | |
1868 | |
1869 | : 1286 AH |
The Suez Canal opens with much fanfare. | |
The price of Egyptian cotton drops precipitously. Egyptian public debt mounts. | |
Tunisia falters on debt payments to European bankers. The International Debt Commission for Tunisia assumes control over Tunisian finances. | |
1870 | |
1871 | : 1288 AH |
A unified Germany emerges as the most powerful continental power in Europe. | |
1872 | |
1873 | : 1290 AH |
The Dutch capture the Kingdom of Acheh in Sumatra. Beginning of Dutch colonial rule in Indonesia. | |
1874 | : 1291 AH |
Syed Ahmed Khan founds the Aligarh College in India. | |
1875 | : 1292 AH |
Egypt sells off its share in the Suez Canal Company to the British to partially offset its debts. | |
1876 | : 1293 AH |
Abdul Hamid II becomes the Ottoman Sultan and Caliph. He starts consolidation of ties with Muslim peoples worldwide. | |
Egypt falters on debt payments. Britain and France appoint a Commission on Egyptian Public Debt with the power to confiscate revenues. | |
1877 | : 1294 AH |
Russia invades the Ottoman Empire (1877-78). Russian troops advance to within ten miles of Istanbul and dictate capitulation terms to the Turks at the Treaty of San Stefano. | |
1878 | : 1295 AH |
Egypt is forced by Britain and France to accept international control over her finances. | |
Treaty of Berlin results in effective dissolution of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans. | |
Britain occupies Cyprus. | |
1879 | : 1296 AH |
Britain and France force Khedive Ismail Pasha of Egypt to abdicate in favor of his son Tawfiq Pasha. Sultan Abdul Hamid acquiesces in the abdication. | |
1880 | : 1297 AH |
The French, in violation of the Treaty of Berlin, occupy Tunisia and declare it a “protectorate”. | |
1881 | : 1298 AH |
Egyptian nationalists under Ahmed Torabi Pasha stage protests against foreign control. | |
1882 | : 1299 AH |
The British bombard Alexandria into submission, defeat the Egyptians at the Battle of Tel el Kabir and occupy Cairo. | |
The Mahdi seizes Khartoum and establishes a Caliphate in the Sudan. | |
1883 | |
1884 | |
1885 | : 1302 AH |
The British storm Khartoum. Death of al Mahdi of the Sudan. | |
An Englishman, Allan Hume, founds the Indian National Congress. | |
1886 | |
1887 | |
1888 | : 1305 AH |
Ghulam Mirza Ahmed starts the Ahmadiya schism in Punjab, India. The movement draws strong opposition from the ulema. | |
1889 | |
1890 | |
1891 | : 1308 AH |
The Tobacco Concession touches off an uproar in Persia. Peaceful boycott of tobacco, under a fatwa from Hajji Mirza Hassan Shirazi, forces the Shah to rescind the Concession. | |
1892 | |
1893 | |
1894 | |
1895 | |
1896 | : 1314 AH |
Nasiruddin Shah of Persia is assassinated. | |
1897 | |
1898 | |
1899 | |
1900 | |
1901 | : 1319 AH |
Abdul Aziz ibn Saud captures Riyadh. | |
1902 | |
1903 | |
1904 | |
1905 | |
1906 | : 1324 AH |
All India Muslim League is founded. | |
1907 | : 1325 AH |
Death of Muzaffaruddin Shah of Persia. His son Muhammed Ali Mirza becomes the Shah. The first Majlis is elected in Persia. | |
The Young Turks Movement in Turkey gathers momentum. | |
1908 | : 1326 AH |
Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia-Herzegovina. | |
Constitutional revolution in Persia. Muhammed Ali Shah of Persia is deposed. His young son Ahmed Mirza becomes the Shah. | |
1909 | : 1327 AH |
Sultan Abdul Hamid II is deposed by the Young Turks. | |
Mehmet V becomes the Sultan. | |
1910 | |
1911 | : 1329 AH |
The Sanusi brotherhood resists the Italian invasion of Libya. | |
1912 | : 1330 AH |
Muhammadiya movement is organized in Indonesia. | |
Egypt becomes a British protectorate. | |
1913 | : 1331 AH |
The Balkan war begins. Serbia, Greece and Bulgaria invade Ottoman territories. Albania becomes independent. The Ottomans are forced to withdraw from most of the Balkans. | |
1914 | : 1332 AH |
A Serb in Sarajevo murders Prince Francis Ferdinand of Austria. Austria declares war on Serbia. | |
Russia declares war on Austria. | |
Germany declares war on Russia. | |
France and England declare war on Germany. | |
The Triple Entente powers (Britain, France and Russia) declare war on the Ottomans. | |
Beginning of World War I. | |
1915 | : 1333 AH |
The Ottomans contain British advances in Iraq and beat back attempts to capture Baghdad and Istanbul. | |
1916 | : 1334 AH |
The British promise to set up a unified Arab state. | |
Sharif Hussain declares himself king of Hejaz, attacks Ottoman garrisons in Arabia. | |
Lawrence of Arabia, a British intelligence officer, works with the Arabs. | |
The Sykes-Picot agreement divides up the Ottoman territories between England, France, Russia, Greece and Italy. | |
1917 | : 1335 AH |
Anglo Indian troops under Allenby capture Baghdad and Jerusalem. | |
The Balfour Declaration promises to set up a Jewish homeland in Palestine. | |
The French take Beirut. | |
Germany releases the Bolshevik leader Lenin to pressure Russia to drop out of the War. | |
The United States enters the War. | |
The Russian army begins to collapse on the western front. The October Revolution brings the Bolsheviks to power. Russia pulls out of the War. | |
1918 | : 1336 AH |
Mehmet VI becomes Ottoman Sultan. | |
Damascus falls to British Forces. | |
Germany and the Ottoman Empire capitulate. End of World War I. | |
The Wafd movement starts in Egypt. | |
1919 | : 1337 AH |
The victorious allies partition the Ottoman Empire. | |
Greece invades Anatolia. | |
1920 | : 1338 AH |
French mandate over Syria. | |
British mandate over Iraq and Palestine. | |
The Greeks capture Alashehir, Bahkesir, Bandarma and Bursa. | |
The Turks stop the Greeks at the Battle of Ankara. | |
1921 | : 1339 AH |
The British appoint Abdullah, son of Sharif Hussain, as emir of Trans Jordan. | |
Faisal, another son of Hussain, is appointed emir of Iraq. | |
The Turks are victorious over the Greeks at the Battle of the Sakarya River. Greece retreats from Anatolia. | |
1922 | : 1340 AH |
Abdul Mecit II becomes Ottoman Sultan. | |
Mustafa Kemal becomes President of the Republic of Turkey. | |
1923 | |
1924 | : 1342 AH |
The Turkish National Assembly abolishes the Caliphate | |
1925 | |
1926 | |
1927 | : 1345 AH |
Tablighi Jamaat reform movement founded in India | |
1928 | : 1346 AH |
Ikhwan al-Muslimin (Muslim Brothers) founded in Egypt | |
1929 | |
1930 | |
1931 | |
1932 | |
1933 | |
1934 | |
1935 | |
1936 | |
1937 | |
1938 | |
1939 | |
1940 | |
1941 | : 1360 AH |
Jamaat-i Islami reform movement founded in Lahore, India | |
1942 | |
1943 | |
1944 | |
1945 | : 1364 AH |
Indonesia becomes independent republic | |
1946 | |
1947 | : 1366 AH |
Pakistan founded as an Islamic nation. Islam becomes a minority religion in India | |
1948 | |
1949 | |
1950 | |
1951 | |
1952 | |
1953 | |
1954 | |
1955 | |
1956 | |
1957 | : 1376 AH |
Independent Malayan state established with Islam as the official religion but guaranteed tolerance | |
1958 | |
1959 | |
1960 | : 1379 AH |
Familes from SE Asia and North Africa emigrate to Europe and the Americas | |
1961 | |
1962 | |
1963 | |
1964 | |
1965 | |
1966 | |
1967 | |
1968 | |
1969 | |
1970 | |
1971 | |
1972 | |
1973 | |
1974 | |
1975 | |
1976 | |
1977 | |
1978 | |
1979 | : 1399 AH |
Shah of Iran is overthrown by Ayatullah Ruhullah Khumayni, who establishes strict fundamentalist rule of Shi'a principles | |
1980 | |
1981 | |
1982 | |
1983 | |
1984 | |
1985 | |
1986 | |
1987 | |
1988 | |
1989 | |
1990 | : 1410 AH |
Taliban come to power in Afghanistan | |
1991 | |
1992 | |
1993 | |
1994 | |
1995 | |
1996 | |
1997 | |
1998 | |
1999 | |
2000 | |
2001 | : 1422 AH |
Muslim extremists attack the United States | |
2002 | |
2003 | : 1424 AH |
Saddam Hussien ousted by Western forces | |
2004 | |
2005 | |
2006 | |
2007 | |
2008 | |
2009 | |
2010 | |
2011 | |
2012 | |
2013 | |
2014 | |
2015 | |
2016 | |
2017 | |
2018 | |
2019 | |
2020 |
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